強調(diào)句型用法及注意事項(共5頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上強調(diào)句型用法及注意事項一、強調(diào)句型的用法在英語中，我們常用It iswas who/that結(jié)構(gòu)來突出強調(diào)句子的某一成分(一般是句子中主語，賓語或狀語)。在這個句型中，it沒有詞匯意義，只是引出被強調(diào)的成分。如果被強調(diào)的成分是表示人的詞，用who或that來連接都可以。如果是其它成分，則一律用that來連接。It was in the park that I met my old teacher yesterday.(強調(diào)地點狀語) FIt was yesterday that I met my old teacher in the park.(強調(diào)時間狀語)7 g&

2、quot; U( 4 B: xIt was my old teacher that I met in the park yesterday.(強調(diào)賓語)" U5 T, % Q( K. y4 d+ O: It is Mr Smith who/that thinks Tom is a clever boy.(強調(diào)主語)' U. o% W二、使用本句型的幾個注意事項 1被強調(diào)成分是主語，whothat之后的謂語動詞應該在人稱和數(shù)上與原句中的主語保持一致。   E.g. It is I who am right It is he who is wrong It i

3、s the students who are lovely 2即使被強調(diào)成分是句子中的時間狀語，地點狀語，原因狀語等，也不能用when，where, because，要用 that。    E.g. It was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again. It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed It was because of the heavy rain t

4、hat he came late3如果被強調(diào)的成分有同位語，同位語也應提前。It was from him，his chemistry teacher，that Paul learned to watch carefully in class4被強調(diào)成分是作主語的代詞，用主格，是作賓語的代詞，用賓格It was he that helped me yesterday. It was me that he helped yesterday.5被強調(diào)部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用wholt was the things and people that they remembered that

5、 they were talking about6.在強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中,無論被強調(diào)的是人還是物,是單數(shù)還是復數(shù),be動詞一律用is/was形式,如果原句的謂語動詞是一般過去時,就用was;如果是一般現(xiàn)在時,就用is.也可以用"情態(tài)動詞+be"形式.如:, : H! S! E; L0 WIt is the monitor who wins the first prize in the exam.- h& ?  ( l+ E, oIt was the farmers who/that lived a hard life be fore liberation

6、.: " - z  P2 _: tIt might be yesterday that John bought a book for Mary." n6 X; 8 o5 6 g" 0 o" lIt will be Xiao Wang who go with you.' . L5 b5 j1 c$ E( J) D三、區(qū)分定語從句和強調(diào)句型某些定語從句和強調(diào)句型形式差不多，容易混淆。如果去掉it is was .that句子仍然通順成立，則為強調(diào)句型，不成立不通順，則為定語從句。     E

7、.g. It was three years ago that he went to American for a further study·去掉It was that句子為Three years ago he went to America for a further study句子通順，意思完整，那么，這就是一個強調(diào)句型。四、強調(diào)句型也有疑問句形式.一般疑問句的強調(diào)形式,只需將is/was提前,移至句首即可,即:"Is/Was itthat".特殊疑問句的強調(diào)形式,須將陳述句變成一般疑問句,再在句首加上疑問詞,即"疑問詞(被強調(diào)部分)+is/was

8、 + it + that + 句子其余部分".如:1 X; s$ _$ T* R  J: eWas it last year that the building was completed ) m- W3 l1 M, q7 0 |; e% w; |How was it that he went to school , Q" L* |+ H5 r5 R1 _' q7 b0 L. w% a哲理性,故常用一般現(xiàn)在時.例如:6 o/ I0 t- f2 N1 qIt's a wise father who knows his own child.無

9、論多聰明的父親也不見得了解自己的孩子." z4 p4 H: i/ 1 B+ E+ zIt's an ill wind that blows nobody(any)good.此失則彼得(沒有使所有的人都受害的壞事).+ c' u6 x誰打碎了窗戶都要受到懲罰All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油問題。Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。 （十一）難點分析（一）限制性定語從句只能用t

10、hat的幾種情況1當先行詞是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代詞時，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much，each等修飾時(1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said?(2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.(3) All that can be d

11、one has been done.(4) There is little that I can do for you.注意1：部分時候that可以省略，如部分例句將that用括號括住。注意2：當先行詞指人時，偶爾也可以用who(4) Any man that/.who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing.2. 當先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾(1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.3. 當先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時(1) This is the best film tha

12、t I have seen.4. 當形容詞被the very, the only，the same, the last 修飾時(1) This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy,(2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.當先行詞指人時，偶爾也可以用who(3) He is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting？5. 當先行詞前面有who, whic

13、h等疑問代詞時(1) Who is the man that is standing there?(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?6. 當先行詞既有人，也有動物或者物體時(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?（二）關(guān)系代詞as和which引導的定語從句as和which引導非限制性定語從句，有相同之處也有不同之處。具體情況是：1As和which都可以在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，代表前面整個句子。(1) He married her, as/

14、which was natural.(2) He was honest, as/which we can see.2. as 引導非限制性定語從句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一個主句；which引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如，正像”的意思(1) As is known to all, China is a developing country.(2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.(3) John, as you know, is a famous writer.(4) He

15、has been to Paris more than several times, which I dont believe.注意：當主句和從句存在邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時，常用which(5) Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.3. 當先行詞受such, the same修飾時，常用as(1) I have never heard such a story as he tells.(2) This is the same book as I lost last week.注意：當先行詞由the same修飾時

16、，偶爾也用that引導定語從句，但是和由as所引導的定語從句意思不同(4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding. 她穿著她在MARY婚禮上穿過的一條裙子。(5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿著和她妹妹所穿的一樣的裙子。(三）以the way為先行詞的定語從句通常由in which, that引導，而且通?？梢允÷?。(1) The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprisi

17、ng.(四) but有時也可以做關(guān)系詞引導定語從句(1) There are very few but understand his idea. (but= who dont )(五) 區(qū)分定語從句和同位語從句1定語從句修飾先行詞，它和先行詞是修飾關(guān)系；同位語從句說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容，是補充說明的關(guān)系(1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定語從句(2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 同位語從句2定語從句由關(guān)系代詞或者關(guān)系副詞引導，關(guān)系詞在句中充當成分，有時可以省略；同位語從句

18、主要由that引導，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等詞引導，充當成分(1) The news that he has just died is true.(2) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. 定語(4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.3. 同位語從句和先行詞一般可以用be動詞發(fā)展成一個完整的句子，而定語從句

19、不可.(1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful. 同位語(2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.(3) The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all. 18. 定語從句 定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出

20、。關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。關(guān)系副詞有： when, where, why等。18.1 關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句 關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。1）who, whom, that這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）2) Whose 用來指人或物，(只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）, 例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車壞了，大家都跑