2020屆高三高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法講解及練習(xí)題：名詞性從句【含答案】

1、2020屆高三高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法講解及練習(xí)題：名詞性從句【含答案】重難點(diǎn)分析名詞性從句是歷年高考的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，也是熱點(diǎn)。名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可作主句的主 語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ) 從句（見(jiàn)下表）。主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ),用 that, whether, if, what（二the thing that）等連接詞引導(dǎo)。賓語(yǔ)從句作賓語(yǔ)，用 that （可省略）,whether （or not） , if, what（=the thing which） 等連接詞引導(dǎo)。表語(yǔ)從句用 that （般不省略）,whether, what（=the thing

2、 which）等連接詞引導(dǎo)。同位語(yǔ)從句用 that （常用在 news, thought, idea, plan, suggest!on, fact 等詞后）， whether等連接詞引導(dǎo)。一、主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句，通常放在主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語(yǔ)応代替, 而本身放在句子末尾如：Who will go is not important.誰(shuí)將去不是重要的。1. it作形式主語(yǔ)和it引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的比較it作形式主語(yǔ)代替主語(yǔ)從句，主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞沒(méi)有變化。而 it引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句則是對(duì)句子每一部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，無(wú)論強(qiáng)調(diào)的是什么成分，都可用連詞that。 被強(qiáng)調(diào)

3、部分指人時(shí)也可用who/whorrio如：It is a pity that you didn*t go to see the film.（主語(yǔ)從句）你沒(méi)去看電影真是遺憾。It is in the morning that the murder took place.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）謀殺案發(fā)生的時(shí)間是在早晨2.用it作形式主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)句型例句1ltis+名詞+主語(yǔ)從句It is a fact that事實(shí)是/ It is an honor that非常木幸/ Itis comm on kno wledge that是常識(shí)2It is+形容詞+主語(yǔ)從It is natural that很自然/ It i

4、s strange that奇怪的是句（此句型后面常接虛擬語(yǔ)氣should+動(dòng)詞原形）3lt+不及物動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)It seems that彳以乎/ It happened that碰巧/ It appears從句that似乎4It is/has been+過(guò)去分It is reported that據(jù)扌艮道/ It has been proved that據(jù)證詞+主語(yǔ)從句頭/ It is said that據(jù)說(shuō)/ It is believed that據(jù)認(rèn)為/般人都認(rèn)為2.主語(yǔ)從句不可位于句首的五種情況說(shuō)明例句1if引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句不可位于復(fù)合句句首Whether he will come or

5、not in unknown.（正）If he will come or not is unknown.（誤）2It is said/reported結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)從句不可提刖It is said that Jiang will visit our school next week（正）Jiang will visit our school next week is said（誤）3It happens/occurs結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)從句不可提刖It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.（正）That he failed in the e

6、xamination occurred to him（誤）4It does nt matter how/wh ether-纟吉構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)從句不可提前It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not.（正）Whether he is wrong or not does nt matter.（誤）5含主語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句是疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，主語(yǔ)從句不可提前Isnt likely that it will rain in the evening?（正）Is that it will rain in the evening likely?（誤）二. 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句

7、中作賓語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞）或介詞之后。說(shuō)明例句1作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（that通?？梢允÷裕? heard （that） he joined the army.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)他參軍To由what,whether/if,when,where等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ) 從句She did not know what had happened.她不知 道發(fā)生了什么。動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)從句She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她告訴我她將接受我的邀請(qǐng)。2作介詞的賓語(yǔ)Our success depe nds on /up

8、on how well we can cooperate with one another.我們的成功取決于 我們互相合作得有多好。3作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)1 am afraid （that） 1 have made a mistake.恐怕我 犯了個(gè)錯(cuò)。4It可以作為形式賓語(yǔ)We heard it that she would get married nextmonth.我們聽(tīng)說(shuō)她下個(gè)月打算結(jié)婚5否定前移（若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,其后的賓語(yǔ)從句若含 有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)

9、移到主句 謂語(yǔ)上，從句謂語(yǔ)用肯定式）。1 dont think this dress fits you well.我認(rèn)為這件 衣服不適合你穿。注意:th at引導(dǎo)的從句常跟在某些形容詞后作賓語(yǔ)？如:anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, gald, proud, surprised, worried. sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, satisfied, content等。也可將此類詞后的從句看作是原因狀語(yǔ)從句。三、表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句是

10、在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，放在系動(dòng)詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng) 詞+表語(yǔ)從句?？梢越颖碚Z(yǔ)從句的連系動(dòng)詞有be, look, remain, seem等。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的引 導(dǎo)詞that 般不省略。另外，常用的含有表語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)還有“The reason is that-, Mlt is because-*, Thats why 等。女口 :The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus. 他上學(xué)遲到的原因是他錯(cuò)過(guò)了早班車C四. 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語(yǔ)的名詞性從句。說(shuō)明例句對(duì)于名詞進(jìn)一

11、步解釋The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.國(guó)王做出釋1同位語(yǔ)的功能放那個(gè)罪犯的決定讓所有人都很吃驚。（般由that引導(dǎo)）說(shuō)明名詞的具體內(nèi)容The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.所有的士兵都應(yīng)該保 持不動(dòng)，這個(gè)命令是將軍下的。同位語(yǔ)從句在有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所He got the news from Mary that the sports2句子中的位置說(shuō)明的名詞后面

12、，被別meeting was put off.他從瑪麗那里得到消息的詞隔開(kāi)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)被推遲了。五、whether, if引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別說(shuō)明例句1句首引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句只能用whetherWhether we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.我們明天是否去野營(yíng)取決于天氣。2if不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句What the doctor really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.陜牛真正懷疑的 是我的母親是否會(huì)很快從重病中恢復(fù)。3if不能引

13、導(dǎo)介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從 句Everything depends on whether we can make a plan that they will agree to.切取決于我們能否做出一個(gè)他們會(huì) 同意的計(jì)劃。4賓語(yǔ)從句是否定句只能用if1 asked Peter if he had nt decided what he would say at the meeting.我問(wèn)皮特他是不是還沒(méi)決定會(huì)議上他講的 內(nèi)容。5discuss后的賓語(yǔ)從句只能用We discussed whether the medicine will cause sidewhether 引導(dǎo)effects.我們討論了這個(gè)

14、藥是否會(huì)引起副作用。注意:doubt作喺疑懈，后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，如主句是肯定的，賓語(yǔ)從句用Whether或if 引導(dǎo)，如主句是否定，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用that引導(dǎo)。如：I doubt whether/if he is fit for the job.我懷疑他是否勝任這份工作。I dont doubt that he can do it very well.他能把它做好,我不懷疑?？键c(diǎn)練透一、單句填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空，補(bǔ)全下列句子。1. 丨 cant decide dictionary I would buy2. Thats he refused my invitation.3 1 am very i

15、nterested in he has improved his pronunciation in such a shorttime.4 we need is more time.5. The fact she had not said anything at the meeting surpnsed everybody6. and they will meet has not been decided yet.7. Please tell me you are waiting for.8. Is that you are looking for?9. Would you please tel

16、l me the nearest post office is?10. I dont know he will agree to the plan or not.11. is done cannt be undone.12. Take care you dont make mistakes in the coming exam.13. To his surprise, the umbrella was not he had put.14. we cant get seems bettethan we have15. he is willing to come is not important.

17、16. they are most interested in is they can produce more and bettercars.17. It does nt matter I rest or not.18. I have will be yours sooner or later.19. I think it is you are eating too much20. Can you make sure Alice has put the gold necklace?21. Do you remember he came?Yes, I do. He came by train.

18、22. Mother asked me was wrong with me23 they have won the game made us excited24. he says in his report is a very interest!ng question.25. That is he failed to arrive on time二、語(yǔ)篇填空根據(jù)短文意思用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。I dont know you have noticed 2 some students dont want to walk to school. It can be seen every day 3 their

19、 parents drive them to school. But nowadays, it should be brought to our notice 4 the air is seriously polluted 5 can we do about it? Here I have a suggest!on6 we should ride on our bike to school! 7 wecan do it will not only have significant benefits for our health, 8 also help imp rove our environ

20、ment. 9 we will have a better environment depends on 10 we can dofor ourselves and for nature.三、語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Keeping complaining can be a hurt in interpersonal relationships. So, (improve) relationship with others, you need to be aware of several sensible ways to complain. To

21、begin with, you need to be specific Dont say? uBoy, did you act like 2 fool at the party? Instead, say. uYou embarrassed me by getting drunk and telling 3 (offend) jokes to my parents Secondly, stick to the present. Don* mention old oftences 4 are from last month or last year. 5 doing this, you take

22、 away attention from the problem at hand. Moreover, _6 you complai n, never add in suits. If you start calling the other pers on names, that only _7 (create) anger and hurt any ch a nee of getti ng the person to r eally listen to 8 A last point to remember is to complain privately. Never criticize t

23、he other person in front of friends, pare nts, childre n, or any one else for that matter. Criticizing in front of a third party has the same effect as insults. This shames the person 9 (criticize) and makes 10 very likely that the person will want to attack you orally rather than listen to you.助讀詞匯sensible 3” 明智的specific adj.具體的offence n.冒犯insult n.侮辱pnvately adv.私下地shame vt使丟臉參考答案考點(diǎn)練透一、單句填空1. which 2. why 3. how 4. What 5. that 6. When; where