人教版英語七年級上冊教材詳解

1、人教版英語七年級上冊教材詳解Unit 1 1、How are you? 你好嗎？ How is he ? 他好嗎？Im fine. = Im OK. = Im very well. (fine, OK, well 都是形容詞，表身體好的)2、Whats this in English？Its a ruler. ( in English 用英語) Spell it, please. = How do you spell it ？請拼寫出來-U-L-E-R.3、問顏色：What color is it ? - Its black and white. What color are they ? -

2、They are red.4、問姓名：Whats your/ her/ his name ? 5、人稱代詞、物主代詞人稱代詞主格賓格物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞我Ime我的mymine我們Weus我們的ourours你/你們Youyou你/你們的youryours他Hehim他的hishis她Sheher她的herhers它Itit它的itsits他們Theythem他們的theirtheirs人稱代詞：表“某人”，分主格、賓格（作主語為主格，常放句首；作賓語為賓格，常放動詞或介詞后作賓語）如： I can help you Can you help me.物主代詞：表“某人的”，可

3、分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。形容詞性物主代詞后必須接賓語，名詞性物主代詞后不接賓語。如This is my book.= This book is mine. 變化規(guī)則：一變(mymine); 二留(hishis itsits)三加s(youryours ; ourours ; herhers ; theirtheirs)練習(xí)題： am a 14-year-old girl, name is Jane. Look, this photo is . father is a teacher. works in a primary school. students all love . m

4、other is a doctor. works in a hospital. both love jobs. I have a happy family. Do you have a family photo ? Please talk about . Unit 2 1、指示代詞：this , that , these , those. 其中this , that一般與可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)連用或代替單數(shù)名詞，而不與不可數(shù)名詞連用。these, those 接復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞（但that可單獨(dú)指代不可數(shù)名詞）。練習(xí)題 This apple is mine, is yours. These my

5、 apples and yours. The weather here is hotter than in Hainan. My books are different from on your desk. 2、一般疑問句，用yes或no 來回答的問句。動詞be 提前，some 改any There are some students in the room. there students in the room?情態(tài)動詞（can, could, would, should, may, must等表語氣）提前He can speak English. he speak English ?使用助

6、動詞（do/does/did）來幫助實(shí)義動詞構(gòu)成問句。后接動詞原形，some 改any. He has some friends. he friends.【注意】一般情況下，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句、疑問句、條件狀語從句（但表請求、建議,希望得到對方的肯定的回答的問句中可用some，此類句型常以could , would開頭）題：Would you like tea ? Could you take tea to me .3、特殊疑問句：以疑問詞開始的問句。其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)有： 疑問詞+ be + 主語 ？Who are you ?What is your name ?What is y

7、our favorite subject ?Where is the baseball ? How much is it ?When is your birthday ? 疑問詞+ 助動詞+ 主語 + 謂語動詞 + (其他)？What kind of movie do you like ?What time do you usually get up ?Why do you like art ?4、助動詞do/ does / did 的用法: 幫助對實(shí)義動詞提問或否定, 后接動詞原形。 Do/Does/Did. like/have/go/want/think/play.? (喜歡嗎？有嗎？去嗎

8、？.) dont / doesnt/ didnt like/have/go/want/think/play(不喜歡、沒有、不去、不想) 5、短語 ： call sb. at + 電話號 ： Please call me 5689000. Unit 3 1、介紹他人, 人稱關(guān)系詞This is my mother / father / brother/ friend /sister/uncle/ daughter/ son.2、指示代詞 this , that , these , those 的用法。Those are my two brothers. And thats my sister.

9、3、短語：Thanks for (doing) sth. = Thank you for (doing ) sth. 謝謝（做）某事。Thanks for .（listen）謝謝收聽 Thanks for your letter. 謝謝你的來信。Unit 4 1、 方位介詞 on/ in / under 的用法：( on 在 上；in在里； under 在下)My book is on/in/under the desk.2、take, bring, fetch 的用法：take sth. to sb./some place. 把某物拿到某人/某地（take 拿走，從說話者處拿到遠(yuǎn)處）brin

10、g sth. to sb. /some place. 把某物帶到某人/某地（bring 帶來，從遠(yuǎn)處帶到說話者處）fetch sth for sb. =fetch sb. sth. 為某人去取某物 （先去再回，強(qiáng)調(diào)雙向） 練習(xí)題：Im thirsty. Can you something to drink me?The teacher said “Dont forget to your homework school.”The teacher asked me to his books his office. 3、need 的用法：need to do sth. (用于肯定句，后接動詞不定式，

11、當(dāng)做實(shí)義動詞)；neednt do sth.(用于否定句后常接動詞原形，當(dāng)做情態(tài)動詞。)題：She need you. (tell ) She neednt you. (tell)Unit 5 1、have 表“有 吃喝”時是實(shí)義動詞（有意義的動詞），在一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)中，當(dāng)主語為單數(shù)第三人稱時，用has, 其他人稱用have. 題：She a brother. They bread and milk for breakfast every day. (have)2、 many 和 much 都表“很多”，但many 后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，而much后接不可數(shù)名詞。題：There are vegeta

12、bles and milk in the fridge. 3、 let, make, have 當(dāng)他們表“使”時，是使令動詞，后常接動詞原形。題： lets home. (go) The movie made me . (cry) I would have him for me. (wait)Unit 6可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則：一般加s，大多數(shù)可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)后直接加“s”。如：book books pen pens s; sh; ch; x 結(jié)尾加 es 如：bus buses watch watches box boxes “輔+y”結(jié)尾變y為i加es 如：baby babies famil

13、y families 但注意以下幾點(diǎn)特殊的：無規(guī)則名詞：manmen ; womanwomen ; policemanpolicemen；EnglishmanEnglishmenchildchildren；footfeet ; toothteeth mouse(鼠)mice一般以“o”結(jié)尾的，加“s”如: photo photos; kilo kilos ；但初中有四個以“o”結(jié)尾的可數(shù)名詞要加“es”即：negro negroes(黑人); hero heroes(英雄)；potatopotatoes(土豆); tomatotomatoes（番茄）一般以f (fe) 結(jié)尾則變f(fe)為v加

14、es 如：leaf leaves knife knives；但roof (房頂)直接加s ，即：roof roofs單復(fù)同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese名詞修飾名詞，第一個名詞充當(dāng)形容詞，所以第一個名詞常不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如；a book shop two book shops; 但有以下2種特殊情況。由man , woman表性別，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時，man和woman 也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 a man doctor two men doctors; a woman teacher two women teacherssport常用復(fù)數(shù)形式修飾

15、后面的名詞 a sports meeting; a sports jacket“某國人”的復(fù)數(shù)：中日不變英法變，其余s加后面. eg. GermanGermans people , police 常用單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)概念 The police are looking for the missing boy.題：( )1.Are those _?-No, they arent. Theyre _.A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cowC. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows( )2.Mum, Im quite thirsty. Please give

16、 me _.A. two orange B. two bottles of orangeC. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges( )3.I have got _ news from my friend. Do you want to know?A. a very good B. any C. a piece of D. two pieces( )4.Mrs. Green has two _. Theyre very bright.A. childs B. child C. childrens D. children( )5.The cat

17、 caught two _ last night.A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices( )6.Jack went to have two _ pulled out yesterday afternoon.A. tooths B. tooth C. teeth D. toothes( )7.In our school there are fifty-five _.A. women teachers B. woman teachers C. women teacher D. womans teacher( )8.The three _ will be put i

18、nto prison.A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thiefsUnit 71、不定冠詞a, an用于可數(shù)名詞前，都表“一（個、只、張）” a用在輔音音素開頭的詞前 如：a book； a useful book； a “u” an用于元音音素開頭的詞前. 如：an apple； an umbrella; an hour； an “F”題：( )1.There is _ “s” in _ word “bus”.A. a ; a B. an ; the C. a ; the D. an ; a( )2.Math is _ useful subject. You

19、 cant drop it. A. an B. a C. the D. /2、take 的用法： 拿走：Who has taken my pen ? 買下（同buy）Its ten dollars, Ill take it. 乘，搭車 I take a bus to school. 花費(fèi) It takes me ten years to finish the work. 記錄 take notes記筆記；take photos照相； take ones temperature 量體溫 服（藥）(=have) Take this medicine after each meal.【總結(jié)】take

20、 短語還有：take/have a bath/shower 洗個澡；take /have a walk 散一散步 take off 脫下，起飛；take away 拿走；take in 吸收；take it easy 別緊張；take out 取出；take over 接管；take place 發(fā)生；take up 占據(jù)（空間）3、at和in的用法： At 和in 都可以接地名，表在某地。At 后接小地名，in后接大地名。但如果強(qiáng)調(diào)在某建筑物內(nèi)部時，用in. 如：at school, at home, in Beijing, in China, at/in the library.題：Hel

21、l arrive Shanghai tomorrow . 4、 at a price 以一種的價格：e got it at a very low/good price. 5、 afford 表“買得起，負(fù)擔(dān)的起”，常與can, be able to, could 等表“能”的情態(tài)動詞連用。 I can afford a car. He isnt able to afford (to buy)a car. 6、 have a look 看一看 Let me have a look. have a look at 看一看某物 Let me have a look at your watch.7、

22、on sale （廉價）出售：The clothes are on sale.8、 in + 顏色：We have T-shirts in red/ green. (此處in表“處于某種狀態(tài)”) Do you know the girl in red ?(此處in 表“穿著”)9、 短語：see for oneself 親自看：Come and see for yourself.10、for 是一個介詞，用法有： 為：I can do anything for you. 給：This letter is for you. 對于 It is important for us to learn E

23、nglish well. 適合于 books for children. (表時間，距離，數(shù)量)達(dá)，計(jì)：Ill stay there for a week.11、help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事 （help 后接動詞不定式或動詞原形）題：She often helps the room. (A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning D. to cleaning )Unit 81、 問生日：When is your birthday? - Its January fourth.2、基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的方法：基變序，有規(guī)律；詞尾要加th。一二三，特殊記；詞

24、尾分別tdd。八去t ，九去e ；ve則以f替，ty 則變作 ti ; 后面還有一個e。要是遇到幾十幾；只將個位變成序。onefirst twosecond threethird eighteighth nineninth fivefifth twelvetwelfthtwentytwentieth twenty-one twenty-first題： Today is the of March. (九) He is the person. (十二)unit 91、 go to a movie 去看電影2、 助動詞do/does 的用法。3、 What kind (of ) 用來問種類: Wha

25、t kind (of movie) do you like ?4、 too, as well, also, either 都表“也”，不同用法有： too和as well都用于肯定句末，可互換，但too前常用逗號隔開. Im a student. He is a student as well/too. also 用于肯定句中（位于系動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后，行為動詞之前）如：He is also a student. He also likes English. either 用于否定句末。Im not a student, he isnt a student either.5、短語：learn

26、about 學(xué)習(xí),了解 know about 得知，了解6、短語：on weekends 7、名詞所有格：名詞s (意思是 “的”)有生命的名詞所有格，一般在后加“s”但注意： 表兩者共有則在后者加“s”,表“各自的”則分別在每人頭上加“s”。 Lucy and Lilys father 露西和莉莉的父親（共有的） Jims and Lilys fathers吉姆的父親和莉莉的父親.（Jim和Lily各自的） 以s結(jié)尾的詞只加“ ”如： the boys books James father 無生命的名詞所有格用of來引導(dǎo)如：the leg of the desk 雙重所有格：a friend

27、 of my fathers a friend of mine ( ) a friend of my( × )題：( )1._ room is on the 5th floor.A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and LilysC. Lucys and Lily D. Lucys and Lilys( )2.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _ to his office.A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minutes walkC. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walkUnit 101、

28、情態(tài)動詞can 的用法。2、 join 加入（人群，組織，成為其中一員）：join us join the chess club.take part in 參加（活動）：take part in the contest.冠詞1、不定冠詞a, an a用在輔音音素開頭的詞前 如：a book； a useful book； a “u” an用于元音開頭的詞前. 如：an apple； an hour； an “F”2、定冠詞the 特指某人/某物，表“這，那” The book on the desk is mine. 世上獨(dú)一無二的事物前 the sun , the moon, the ear

29、th, the sky 形、副最高級及序數(shù)詞前 The third boy is the tallest of all.【注意】當(dāng)這些詞前已有其他限定詞，如物主代詞、指示代詞時，則不能再用the He is my first English teacher. the + 姓的復(fù)數(shù)表示 “某家人”或“某夫婦”；the +形容詞 表一類人，作主語是復(fù)數(shù) The Greens are visiting Beijing 格林一家正在參觀北京。 The poor live hard .窮人生活艱辛。（類似有：the rich, the old, the young 后面省略了people） 樂器前加th

30、e . 如play the piano/ guitar/ violin3、不用冠詞的幾種情況： 在星期、月份、季節(jié)前不用冠詞 on Monday; in January; in winter. 學(xué)科名詞前 learn English 球類,棋類等運(yùn)動及早、中、晚三餐名詞前 ( )1.Mary is _ cleverer of the two girls.A. the B. a C. an D. much( )2._ young must look after _ old.A. The ; a B. The ; the C. A ; a D. A ; the( )3. _ earth is on

31、e of _ planets.A. The ; suns B. The ; the sun C. The ; the suns D. The ; the suns( )4.Kate sometimes plays _ violin(小提琴) and sometimes plays _ table tennis before supper. （ A. / ; the B. the ; / C. the ; the D. / ; / ）Unit 111、what time 表“幾點(diǎn)”，常用來問小時間；when 表“什么時候”，既可以問小時間（=What time），也可以問大時間，如：哪年，哪月，

32、哪天，此時不用What time。 What time/ When do you get up ? -At six oclock. When is your birthday ?-Its November second.2、listen聽，是個不及物動詞，不能直接接賓語，需加to才能接賓語。如; Please listen me. (×) Please listen to me.() 類似的詞有：wait for 等；look at 看著；arrive at/in 到達(dá)；get to 到達(dá)；go to 去； talk about 談?wù)?；talk with/to 和某人談3、 表喜歡厭

33、惡等心理活動的動詞，大多數(shù)都能接動詞不定式或動名詞（v-ing）,但enjoy 后只能接動名詞。如：love/like/prefer/hate to do sth. 或love/like/prefer/hate doing sth.比較 I like to play basketball 我喜歡去打籃球 （還沒打籃球）I like playing basketball. 我喜歡經(jīng)常打籃球4、job 表職業(yè)，可數(shù)名詞；work表“工作，做的事”，不可數(shù)名詞。 題：He has a as a teacher. He has a lot of to do every day. 【擴(kuò)展】work做可數(shù)

34、名詞時，表“作品，著作”，常用復(fù)數(shù)。 如：the works of Luxun.4、 around 常作介詞，表： 在周圍 We sat around the table. 大約（= about）: I usually get up around 6 oclock. 到處 around the world = all over the world = throughout the world 全世界5、 start/ begin doing sth. = start / begin to do sth. 開始做某事。I started to learn/ learning English at

35、 the age of 6. 但有3種情況后只能跟to do。主語是物。begin和start 本身為ing形式。它們后的動詞與想法，感情有關(guān)時。所以當(dāng)兩個答案同時出現(xiàn)時，應(yīng)選 to do.The trees begin green. (A. to turn B. turning) I am beginning my homework. (A. to do B. doing) She started me. （A. to understand B. understanding )6、tell sb. about 告訴某人關(guān)于 Please tell me about yourself. tel

36、l sb. sth. 告訴某人某事： Please tell me the truth. 7、辨析tell; talk; say; speaktell表“告訴，講述”，常后接人或事情作賓語。 Tell me the truth. talk表“交談”，是不及物動詞，常與with/to/about搭配使用再接賓語 say表“說” 后接說話的內(nèi)容做賓語。 I say : you are wrong.speak表“講”后直接接某種語言作賓語。 Speak English. 題：（1）Our English teacher often us stories in English. A. tells B.

37、 speaks C. talks D. says （2）I dont understand what you said. Can you it in English A. tell B. speak C. talk D. say8、take sb. to 某地（送某人到某地）The bus usually takes him to work at 19:15. take sth with sb. 某人隨身帶著：Dont forget to take a camera with you. 9、 in the morning 在（每天）早晨； on a morning 在（某天）早晨【總結(jié)】in

38、用于大時間前（年，月，周）或用于一些習(xí)慣短語中。on 用于具體某一天前，或某天上午，下午等前。 at 用于小時間前(幾點(diǎn)幾分) 題：1._ the morning 2._ Monday morning 3. _ a rainy evening 4. _3:50 5._ 2002 6._ the morning of April 10 7._ spring 8._ night 9._ this time 10. _ March10、短語：tell sb. about sth. 告訴某人有關(guān)的情況 Please write to me and tell me about your moring.1

39、、 短語：write to sb. 寫信給某人= write a letter to sb. Unit 12 1、 tired (1)疲勞的，累的【短語】be tired from/ with 因而疲勞 He is tired from work. (2) 厭煩的 【短語】be tired of (doing) sth. 厭煩（做）某事 I am tired of studying.2、busy 表“繁忙的”短語有：be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 We are busy preparing our exams these days.3、strict 表“嚴(yán)格的”，短語有： b

40、e strict with sb. 對某人嚴(yán)格要求 His father is strict with him. be strict in sth. 對某事嚴(yán)格要求 We should be strict in (doing) our work.4、ask 表“問；要求；邀請等”，常見短語有： ask sb. about sth. 詢問某人有關(guān)的情況。He often asks me about the weather. ask/tell sb. to do sth. 要求某人去做某事 My father always asks me to study hard. ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物：The beggar often asks me some food. 那個乞丐經(jīng)常 ask sb. for help 向某人尋求幫助 you can ask the police for help.5、any 常用于疑問句，條件狀語從句，否定句中. 用于疑問句，條件狀語從句，否定句中，表“一些”。 Are there any people ? If