預(yù)防未成年人犯罪法

1、預(yù)防未成年人犯罪法Law of the People's Republic of China on Preventionof Juvenile Delinquency(Adopted at the 10th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on June 28,1999 and promulgated by Order No. 17 of the President of the People's Republic of China on June 28,

2、1999)ContentsChapter I General ProvisionsChapter II Education for Prevention of Juvenile DelinquencyChapter III PreventionofJuvenileMisbehaviorsChapter IV RectificationandTreatmentofSeriousJuvenileMisbehaviorsChapter V Juveniles1Self-protectionAgainstCrimesChapter VI PreventionofJuvenilesFromCommitt

3、ingCrimesAgainChapter VII LegalResponsibilityChapter VIII SupplementaryProvisionsChapterIGeneralProvisionsArticle 1 ThisLawisenactedforthepurposeofensuringthatjuvenilesarephysicallyandmentallyhealthy,helpingjuvenilescultivategoodconductandeffectivelypreventingjuveniledelinquency.Article 2 Theprevent

4、ionofjuveniledelinquencyshallbebasedoneducationandprotection,theworkshallbestartedwithschoolchildrenandeffortsshallbemadetoprevent,rectifyandtreatjuvenilemisbehaviorbeforeitistoolate.Article 3 Juveniledelinquencyshallbepreventedinacomprehensivewayundertheorganizationandleadershipofthepeople'sgov

5、ernmentsatalllevels.Thegovernmentdepartmentsconcerned,judicialorgans,people'sorganizations,relevantpublicorganizations,schools,families,neighborhoodcommitteesincitiesandvillagerscommitteesinthecountryside,etc.shalljoineffortsandtaketheirrespectiveresponsibilitiesinpreventingjuveniledelinquency,a

6、ndcreatingagoodsocialenvironmentforthecultivationofphysicalandmentalhealthofjuveniles.Article 4 People'sgovernmentsatalllevelsshallperformthefollowingfunctionsanddutiesinpreventingjuveniledelinquency:(1) toformulateplansforpreventionofjuveniledelinquency;(2) toorganizeandcoordinateeffortsofthere

7、levantgovernmentdepartmentsforpublicsecurity,education,culture,thepress,publishing,radio,filmandtelevision,industryandcommerce,civilaffairs,andjudicialadministration,andotherpublicorganizationsinpreventingjuveniledelinquency;(3) toinspecttheimplementationofthisLawandworkplans;and(4) toanalyzeanddiss

8、eminatetheexperiencegainedinpreventionofjuveniledelinquency,andsetupandcommendadvancedunitsandindividuals.Article 5 Forpreventionofjuveniledelinquency,researchoneducationinpuberty,psychologicalcorrectionsandmeasuresforpreventionofcrimesshallbeimprovedinlightofthephysiologicalandpsychologicalcharacte

9、risticsofjuvenilesatdifferentages.ChapterIIEducationforPreventionofJuvenileDelinquencyArticle6Juvenilesshallbeeducatedinideals,morality,thelegalsystemaswellasinpatriotism,collectivismandsocialism.Juvenileswhohavereachedtheageofreceivingcompulsoryeducationshall,whilereceivingtheeducationmentionedabov

10、e,beeducatedforpreventionofcrimes.Educationforpreventionofjuveniledelinquencyisforthepurposeofenhancingjuveniles*legalconceptions,helpingthemheedtheharmdonetothemselves,theirfamiliesandthecommunitybytheirviolationsoflawandcriminalactionsandbecomeawareofthelegalresponsibilitiesincurredbysuchviolation

11、sandactionsandoftheimportanceofobeyingrulesofdisciplineandlawsandpreventingthemselvesfrombreakinglawsandcommittingcrimes.Article7Theadministrativedepartmentsforeducationandschoolsshallincorporatetheeducationforpreventionofcrimesintoschoolplansforeducationandteachingasthecontentoflegaleducation,andsh

12、all,incombinationwiththecommonandfrequently-occurringcasesofjuveniledelinquency,educatejuvenilesofdifferentagesinpreventionofdelinquencyrespectively.Article8Judicialadministrationdepartments,administrativedepartmentsforeducationandtheCommunistYouthLeagueandYoungPioneersorganizationsshall,inlightofsp

13、ecificconditions,arrangeandholdexhibitions,givereportsandlectures,andarrangeotherformsofactivitiestodisseminatethelegalsystemwithemphasisonpreventionofjuveniledelinquency.Schoolsshall,inlightofspecificconditions,holdactivitieswitheducationforpreventionofjuveniledelinquencyasthemaincontent.Theadminis

14、trativedepartmentsforeducationshalltaketheresultsofeducationforpreventionofjuveniledelinquencyasanimportantpartofassessmentofschoolwork.Article 9 Schoolsshallengagefull-timeorpart-timeteachersforlegaleducation.Schoolsmayengageafter-schoollegalcounselors,whereconditionspermit.Article 10 Parentsandoth

15、erguardiansofjuvenilesshalltakedirectresponsibilityforgivinglegaleducationtojuveniles.Schoolsthatconducteducationamongstudentsinpreventionofcrimes,shallmaketheirplansforsucheducationknowntotheparentsandotherguardiansofthejuveniles,whoshallcarryouttheeducationincombinationwiththeschoolplansandaccordi

16、ngtospecificconditions.Article 11 AuthoritiesofChildren'sPalaces,recreationcentersforjuvenilesandotherplacesforout-of-schoolactivitiesshalltakeeducationforpreventionofjuveniledelinquencyasanimportantpartoftheirworkandcarryoutvariousformsofpublicityandeducationactivitiesinthisrespect.Article 12 F

17、orjuvenileswhohavereachedtheageof16butareundertheageof18andwhoarepreparingforemployment,vocationaleducationandtraininginstitutionsandemployersshallincludelegalknowledgeandeducationforpreventionofcrimesinvocationaltraining.Article 13 Theneighborhoodcommitteesincitiesandvillagers*committeesinthecountr

18、ysideshallcarryoutactivitiesforthepublicityofthelegalsystemwithstressonpreventionofjuveniledelinquency.ChapterIIIPreventionofJuvenileMisbehaviorArticle14Theparentsandotherguardiansofjuvenilesandschoolsshalladvisejuvenilestokeepfromthefollowingkindsofmisbehavior:(1)playingtruant,stayingoutatnight;(2)

19、 carryingcontrolledknives;(3) fighting,orabusingpeople;(4) forciblydemandingmoneyorthingsofvaluefromothers;(5) stealing,ordeliberatelydamagingproperty;(6) takingpartingamblingorgamblingindisguisedform;(7) watchingorlisteningintopornographicorobsceneaudio-videoproducts,orreadingsuchstuff;(8) goingtoc

20、ommercialsinginganddancinghallsandothersuchplacesthatarenotsuitableforjuvenilesasprescribedbylawsandregulations;and(9) otherkindsofmisbehaviorthatseriouslyruncountertosocialmorality.Article 15 Theparentsandotherguardiansofjuvenilesandschoolsshalladvisejuvenilestokeepfromsmokingandgettingdrunk.Nobusi

21、nessplacesmaysellcigarettesoralcoholicdrinkstojuveniles.Article 16 wheremiddleorprimaryschoolstudentsplaytruant,theschoolshallgetintouchwiththeirparentsorotherguardianswithoutdelay.Wherejuvenilesstayoutatnightwithoutpermission,theirparentsorotherguardians,ortheboardingschoolconcernedshalllookforthem

22、withoutdelay,orapproachapublicsecurityorganforhelp.Whoeverallowsajuveniletostayathisorherplaceatnightshallobtainpermissionofthejuvenile'sparentsorotherguardiansinadvance,orinformthemortheschoolconcernedofthematterwithin24hours,orreporttoapublicsecurityorganwithoutdelay.Article 17 Whenparentsorot

23、herguardiansofjuvenilesandschoolsfindthatjuvenilesorganizeorjoingangsthatperpetratemisbehavior,theyshallstopthejuvenilespromptly.Whentheyfindthatthegangshaveviolatedlawsorcommittedcriminaloffences,theyshallreportthemattertopublicsecurityorgans.Article 18 Whenparentsorotherguardiansofjuvenilesandscho

24、olsfindthatjuvenilesareinstigatedorcoercedtoperpetrateorluredintoillegalorcriminalactions,theyshallreportthemattertopublicsecurityorgans.Whenthepublicsecurityorgansreceivethereports,theyshallimmediatelyinvestigateanddealwiththecasesinaccordancewithlawand,wherethepersonalsafetyofjuvenilesisendangered

25、,theyshallpromptlytakeeffectivemeasurestoprotectthem.Article 19 Parentsorotherguardiansofjuvenilesmaynotallowjuvenilesundertheageof16tobefreefromtheirguardianshipandlivealone.Article 20 Parentsorotherguardiansofjuvenilesmaynotgiveafreereinthejuveniles,compelthemtorunawayfromhome,ordiscardtheirdutyof

26、guardianship.Wherejuvenilesrunawayfromhome,theirparentsandotherguardiansshalllookforthemwithoutdelay,orapproachpublicsecurityorgansforhelp.Article 21 Wheretheparentsofjuvenilesaredivorced,bothpartiesshallhavethedutytoeducatetheirchildren,andneitherpartymayfailtoperformsuchdutyonthepretextofdivorce.A

27、rticle 22 Thestepparentsandadoptiveparentsshallperformthesamedutyfortheadolescentchildrentheyaresupportingandeducatingasthedutyperformedbyparentstotheiradolescentchildreninpreventionofcrimes,asprescribedbythisLaw.Article 23 Schoolsshallenforceeducationandadministrationamongjuvenileswhoareinvolvedinm

28、isbehaviorandmaynotdiscriminateagainstthem.Article 24 Theadministrativedepartmentsforeducationandschoolsshallholdvariousformsofactivitieslikelectures,informaldiscussionsandtrainingprogramstomakeknowntotheparticipantsgood,effectiveeducationalmethodsinlightofthephysiologicalandpsychologicalcharacteris

29、ticsofjuvenilesindifferentstagesofgrowthandtoshowtheteachers,theparentsofjuvenilesandotherguardianshowtoeffectivelyprevent,andrectifyandtreatjuveniles1misbehavior.Article 25 Whereteachers,administratorsorworkersinstigateorcoercejuvenilestoperpetrateorlurethemintomisbehavior,orwherethesepeopleareill-

30、behaved,haveabanefulinfluenceonandarenotsuitableforschoolwork,theadministrativedepartmentsforeducationandtheschoolauthoritiesshalldismissordischargethem;whereacrimeisconstituted,criminalresponsibilityshallbeinvestigatedinaccordancewithlaw.Article 26 Itisprohibitedtosetupcommercialsinginganddancingha

31、lls,commercialelectronicgamescentersandotherplacesthatarenotsuitableforjuvenilesintheneighborhoodofmiddleorprimaryschools.Thekindsofhalls,centersandplacesmentionedaboveshallbespecifiedbypeople'sgovernmentsofprovinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernment.Thehalls,ce

32、ntersandplacessetupbeforethisLawgoesintoeffectshalltobemovedtootherareasorcloseddownwithinatimelimit.Article 27 Publicsecurityorgansshalltightencontrolforpublicsecurityaroundmiddleandprimaryschools,promptlystopanddealwithillegalorcriminalactionsthatarecommittedaroundsuchschools.Theneighborhoodcommit

33、teesincitiesandvillagers*committeesinthecountrysideshallassistpublicsecurityorgansinsuccessfullymaintainingpublicsecurityaroundmiddleandprimaryschools.Article 28 Publicsecuritystations,neighborhoodcommitteesincitiesandvillagers1committeesinthecountrysideshallkeeptabsontheschoolingandemploymentofjuve

34、nilesamongtemporaryresidentpopulationsintheiradministrativeareas.Withregardtojuvenilesamongtemporaryresidentpopulationswhoperpetratemisbehavior;theyshallurgetheparentsandotherguardiansofthejuvenilestoeducatethejuvenileseffectivelyandtostoptheirmisbehavior.Article 29 Noonemayinstigateorcoercejuvenile

35、toperpetrateorlurethemintomisbehaviorprescribedbythisLaw,orprovideconditionsforthemtoperpetratemisbehavior.Article 30 Publicationsmeantforjuvenilesmaynotcontainsuchcontentsasmayinducejuvenilestoviolatelaworcommitcriminaloffenses,orsuchcontentsasmayimpairthephysicalandmentalhealthofjuveniles1contents

36、thatexaggerateviolence,pornography,gambling,terror,etc.Article 31 Nounitorindividualmaysellorloantojuvenilespublications,audio-videoproductsorelectronicpublicationswhichcontainsuchcontentsasmayinducejuvenilestoviolatelawsorcommitcriminaloffenses,andsuchcontentsasmayimpairthephysicalandmentalhealthof

37、juveniles,contentsthatexaggerateviolence,pornography,gambling,terror,etc.Nounitorindividualmay,bymeansoftelecommunications,computernetwork,etc.,providesuchcontentsandinformationaboutsuchcontentsthatmayimpairthephysicalandmentalhealthofjuvenilesasprescribedbytheprecedingparagraph.Article 32 Noprogram

38、sofradio,film,TVanddramamaycontainsuchcontentsasmayimpairthephysicalandmentalhealthofjuveniles,contentsthatexaggerateviolence,pornography,gambling,terror,etc.Theadministrativedepartmentsforradio,filmandtelevisionandtheadministrativedepartmentsforcultureshallstrengthenadministrationoftheprogramsofrad

39、io,film,TVanddramaandthevariousshowplaces.Article 33 Aroundcommercialsinginganddancinghallsandotherplacesthatarenotsuitableforjuveniles,conspicuousno-admittancesignsforjuvenilesshallbeputup,andnojuvenilesmaybeadmittedintosuchplaces.Juvenilesmaynotbeadmittedintocommercialelectronicgamescentersexceptd

40、uringfestivalsandholidaysspecifiedbytheState,andconspicuousno-admittancesignsforjuvenilesshallbeputupthere.Whereitisdifficulttojudgewhetherapersonisjuvenileornot,theworkerofsuchacentermayaskpersontoshowhisidentitycard.ChapterIVRectificationandTreatmentofSeriousJuvenileMisbehaviorArticle 34 ''

41、;Seriousmisbehavior''asusedinthisLawreferstothefollowingillegalactionsthatdoseriousharmtothecommunitybutarenotseriousenoughforcriminalpunishment:(1) gatheringpeopletocreatedisturbance,anddisruptingpublicorder;(2) carryingcontrolledknivesandrefusingtostopdoingsoafterrepeatedcriticisms;(3) hol

42、dingupandbeatingpeoplemanytimesorforciblydemandingmoneyorthingsofvaluefromothers;(4) spreadingobscenepublicationsoraudio-videoproducts,etc.;(5) engaginginlicentiousorpornographicactivitiesorharlotry;(6) committingtheftmanytimes;(7) takingpartingamblingandrefusingtostopdoingsoafterrepeatedcriticisms;

43、(8) ingestingorinjectingdrugs;and(9) otheractionsthatdoseriousharmtothecommunity.Article 35 WhenjuvenilesarefoundtoperpetratetheseriousmisbehaviorasprescribedbythisLaw,theyshallbestoppeddoingsowithoutdelay.WhenjuvenilesarefoundtoperpetrateseriousmisbehaviorasprescribedbythisLaw,theirparentsorothergu

44、ardiansandtheschoolsconcernedshallcoordinatetheireffortsandtakemeasurestosubjectthemtostrictdiscipline,ormaysendthemtowork-studyschoolsforrectificationortreatment,andforeducation.Tosendjuvenilestowork-studyschoolsforrectificationortreatment,andforeducation,theirparentsorotherguardiansortheirformersc

45、hoolsshallsubmitapplicationsforapprovaltotheadministrativedepartmentsforeducation.Article 36 Work-studyschoolsshallimposestrictcontrolonandenforceeducationamongthejuvenileswhostudythere.Theyshall,inadditiontothesamecoursesofferedbyordinaryschools,asrequiredbytheLawonCompulsoryEducation,putemphasison

46、educationinthelegalsystemandhelpthejuvenilestorectifyortreattheirseriousmisbehaviorinlightofthecausesforsuchmisbehaviorandthepsychologicalcharacteristicsofthejuveniles.Familiesandschoolsshallshowconcernforandtakegoodcareofthejuvenileswhostudyinwork-studyschoolsandrespecttheirpersonalityanddignity,an

47、dmaynotimposephysicalpunishmenton,maltreat,ordiscriminateagainstthem.Juvenileswhograduatefromwork-studyschoolsshallenjoyequalrightswithstudentswhograduatefromordinaryschoolsinenteringschoolsofahighergradeandinemployment,andnounitorindividualmaydiscriminateagainstthem.Article 37 Juvenileswhoperpetrat

48、eseriousmisbehaviors,asspecifiedinthisLaw,thatconstituteviolationsoftheregulationsgoverningpublicsecurityshallbepunishedforpublicsecuritybypublicsecurityorgansaccordingtolaw.Juvenileswhoareexemptedfrompunishmentbecausetheyhavenotreachedtheageof14orthecircumstancesareespeciallyminormaybesubjectedtore

49、primand.Article 38 WhereJuvenilesarenotgivencriminalpunishmentbecausetheyhavenotreachedtheageof16,theirparentsorotherguardiansshallbeorderedtosubjectthemtostrictdiscipline;whennecessary,theymayalsobeshelteredforcorrectionbygovernmentsinaccordancewithlaw.Article 39 Duringtheperiodwhenjuvenilesareshel

50、teredforcorrection,theexecutingorgansshallmakesurethattheycontinuetoreceiveeducationinculturalandlegalknowledgeorvocationaltechniques;forthosewhohavenotHnishedcompulsoryeducation,theexecutingorgansshallmakesurethattheycontinuetoreceivesucheducation.Juvenileswhoarereleasedfromshelteringforcorrectiono

51、rfromreeducationthroughlaborshallenjoyequalrightswithotherjuvenilesingoingbacktoschoolandenteringschoolsofahighergradeandinemployment,andnounitorindividualmaydiscriminateagainstthem.ChapterVJuveniles1Self-protectionAgainstCrimesArticle40Juvenilesshallobservelawsandregulationsandliveuptothestandardso

52、fpublicmorality,beawareoftheimportanceofself-esteem,self-disciplineandself-improvement,increasetheirabilitytodistinguishbetweenrightandwrongandprotectthemselves,andresistoftheirownvolitionanyinducementtoandcorrosiveinfluencebyvariousmisbehaviorandillegalandcriminalactions.Article41Juvenileswhoareaba

53、ndonedormaltreatedbytheirparentsorotherguardiansshallhavetherighttorequestpublicsecurityorgans,administrativedepartmentsforcivilaffairs,organizationsoftheCommunistYouthLeague,women'sfederations,organizationsforprotectionofjuvenilesorschools,neighborhoodcommitteeincities,orvillagers1committeesint

54、hecountrysidetofurnishthemprotection.Thedepartmentsororganizationsmentionedabovethatarerequestforhelpshallaccepttherequestandtakemeasurestohelpthejuvenilesimmediatelywherenecessary.Article42WhenjuvenilesfindthatanyoneperpetuatesactionsprohibitedbytheprovisionsinChapterIIIofthisLaworcommitscriminalof

55、fensesagainstthemselvesorotherjuveniles,theymayreporttopublicsecurityorgansorcompetentgovernmentdepartmentsthroughtheirschools,theirparentsorotherguardians,andtheythemselvesmaydosotoo.Theorgansordepartmentsthatreceivethereportsshallpromptlyinvestigateanddealwiththecasesaccordingtolaw.Article43Judici

56、alorgans,schoolsandthecommunityshallgiveespecialprotectiontojuvenileswhofightandreportagainstcriminaloffensesandensurethattheyarefreefromretaliation.ChapterVIPreventionofJuvenilesFromCommittingCriminalOffensesAgainArticle 44 Ininvestigatingjuvenileswhohavecommittedcriminaloffensesinvestigatingforcri

57、minalresponsibility,theguidelinesofenlightenment?persuasionandreformationandtheprincipleoftakingenlightenmentasthedominantfactorwhilemakingpunishmentsubsidiaryshallbeadheredto.Whenhandlingcasesinvolvingjuveniledelinquency,judicialorgansshallguaranteethatjuvenilesexercisetheirlitigationrightsandgetle

58、galassistance,andenlightenthemonthelegalsysteminaccordancewiththephysiologicalandpsychologicalcharacteristicsofjuvenilesandthecircumstancesunderwhichtheycommitthecriminaloffenses.JuvenilestudentsagainstwhommandatorypenalmeasuresaretakenmaynotbestruckofftheschoolrollbeforetheverdictsofthePeople's

59、Courtsgointoeffect.Article 45 TrialsofcriminalcasesinvolvingjuveniledelinquencyinaPeople'sCourtshallbeconductedbyajuvenilecourtformed,inaccordancewithlaw,byjudgeswhoarefamiliarwiththephysicalandmentalcharacteristicsofjuvenilesorofsuchjudgesandpeople'sassessors.Nocasesinvolvingcriminaloffensescommittedbyjuvenileswhohavereachedtheageof14butareundertheageof16shallbeheardinpublic.Generally,nocasesi