美國文學復習資料題

1、美國文學復習提綱第一部分 連線題(1*10=10'1. Thomas Jeffers on2. Walt Whitman3. Mark Twai n4. Robert Frost5. Ezra Pound6. Carl Sa ndburg7. Saul Bellow8. Ern est Hemi ngway9. John Stei nbeck10. Jack Lon don11. Sin clair Lewis12. Fla nnery O' iConno13. O. Henry14. Jerome David Sali nger15. William Falk nerThe

2、Declarati on of In depe ndence O' Captai n. My Capta inJump ing FrogMending WallIn a Station of the MetroChicagoThe Adve nture of Augie March Men without Wome nThe Grape of WrathThe Call of the WildBabbitA Good Man Is Hard to Fi ndThe Last LeafThe Catcher in the RyeThe Sound and the Fury第二部分單項選擇

3、(1.5*20=30 ')1. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poems made such a stir in England that shebecame known as the “ ” who appeared in America.A. Tenth MuseB. Ni nth Muse C. Best MuseD. First Muse2. I n America n literature, the 19 cen tury was the age of the Enl ighte nment.wasthe dominant s

4、pirit.A. Huma nismB. Rati on alism C. Revolutio nD. Evoluti on3. Which of the following stirred the world and helped form the American republic?A. The America n CrisisB. The FederalistC. Declaratio n of In depe ndenceD. The Age of Reas on4. At the Reas on and Revoluti on Period, America ns were in f

5、lue need by the Europea nmoveme nt called the.A. Chartist Moveme ntB. Roma nticist Moveme ntC. En lighte nment Moveme ntD. Modernist Moveme nt5. Thoreau was ofte n alone in the woods or by the pon d, lost in spiritual com muni cati onwith.A. n atureB. tran sce nden talist ideasC. huma n beingsD. cel

6、estial beings6. tells a simple but very moving story in which four people living in a puritancommunity are involved in and affected by the sin of adultery in different ways.A. Twice-Told TalesB.The Scarlet LetterC.The House of the Seven GablesD.The Marble Faun7. Washington Irving' s social conse

7、rvation and literary for the past is Boreeled, toB.Rip Van Win kle D. The Birthmarkexte nt, in his famous story,A. The Lege nd of Sleepy Hollow C.The Custom-house8. The conven tio n of the desire for an escape from society and a retur n to n ature inAmerica n literature is particularly evide nt in.A

8、. Cooper Leatherstocking TalesB. Hawthorne The Scarlet LetterC. Whitman Leaves of GrassD. Irvings Rip Van Winkle9. As a philosophical and literary moveme nt,flourished in New En gla nd from1830s to the Civil War.A. modernismB. rati on alismC. sen time ntalismD. transcenden talism10. Edgar Alla n Poe

9、 mai nly writesA. poems11. I n HawthorneA. AdulteryD. dramasD. All the aboveB. literary critic theoriesC. short storiesThe Scarlet LetterA”" may sta nd forB. An gelC. Amiable12. The period before the America n Civil War is gen erally referred to as _.A. the Naturalist PeriodB. the Moder n Perio

10、dC. the Romantic PeriodD. the Realistic Period13. I n the followi ng works, which sig ns the beg inning of the America n literature?A.The Sketch BookB.Leaves of GrassC. Leatherstocki ng TalesD.Adve ntures of Huckleberry Finn14. The main theme of Emily Dick inson is the followi ng except.A. war and p

11、eace B. love and marriage C. life and death D. religio n15. Emily Dick inson' s poetic idiom is no ted for the followi ng except.A. brevityB. direct nessC. pla in est wordsD. obscure16. The publicati on ofestablished Emers on as the most eloque nt spokesma n ofNew En gla nd Tran sce nden talism.

12、A. NatureB. Se-Relia neeC. The American ScholarD. The Ove-Soul17. The Age of Realism in the literary history of the United States refers to the periodD.1865 1918's greatest work.D. The Tita n“ killed ” by the wintefromto.A.18611914 B.1863 1918 C.1865 191418. is con sidered to be Theodore Dreiser

13、A.An American Tragedy B. Sister Carrie C.The Financier19. iBGa/ella about a young America n girl who getsRome, and it brought Henry James international fame for the first time.A.The America nB.The Europea nsC.Daisy MillerD.The Portrait of a Lady“ a sound heart and a de20. is described by Mark twain

14、as a boy with »con scie nee.A. T)m SawyerB. Huckleberry Fi nnC. JimD. Tony21. Mark Twain wrote most of his literary works with aIan guage.A. grandB. pompousC. simpleD. vern acular22. The book from which“ all modern American literature comes” refers toA.The Great GatsbyB.The Sun Also RisesC.The

15、Adve ntures of Huckleberry Fi nnD.Moby-Dick23. In which of the follow ing works Hemin gway prese nts his philosophy about life anddeath through the depiction of the bu-fight as a kind of microcosmic tragedy? A.Death in the AfternoonB.The Snows of KilimanjaroC.To Have and Have NotD.The Gree n Hills o

16、f Africa24.is Hemi ng wayLost Gen erati on.”'s first true novel in which he depicts a vivid portrait ofA. The Sun Also RisesC.In Our TimeB. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell Tolls25. Robert Frost combined traditional verse forms thesonnet, rhyming couplets,bla nk verse witla clear America n

17、 local speech rhythm, the speech offarmers with its idios yn cratic dictio n and syn tax.A. SouthernB. Western C. New Hampshire D. New En gla nd26. , one of the most important poets in his time, is a leading spokesman of the“ Imagist Movement ”A. J. D. Sal in ger B. Ezra Pou nd C. Richard Wright D.

18、Ralph Ellison27. “ Ten der Is the Night” is aby Fitzgerald.A. short storyB. no vella28.is said to be aC. poem“ historical novelA.Go Dow n, MosesC.The Sound and the FuryB.Light in AugustD.Absalom29.stems from the ambiguity of the speakerD. no vel by Faulk ner's choice between safety aunknown.A. M

19、en di ng the wallB Home BurialC. The Road not Take nD. Stopp ing by Woods on a Snowy Eve ning30. Hemingway ' wsiting style, together with his theme and the hero, is greatly and perma nen tly in flue need by his experie nces.A. i n his childhoodB. i n the warC. i n AmericaD. i n Africa31. The fol

20、lowi ng writers were awarded Nobel Prize for literature except.A. William Faulk nerB. F Scott FitzgeraldC. Joh n Stein beckD. Ern est Hemi ngway32. is not con sidered to be one of the masters in the field of America n ficti on inthe moder ni stic period. A. F Scott Fitzgerald C. Arthur MillerB. Ern

21、est Hemi ngwayD. William Faulk ner33. “ Two roads diverged in a yellow wood and sorry I could not travel boththe above two lines of Robert Frost ' tTheoad not Taken ”the poet, by implicatio n, was referri ng to.A. one ' s course of lifeB. a marriage decisionC. a middleage crisisD. a travel e

22、xperie nee34. Most of the writers in the modern period were able to probe into the inner world ofhuma n reality on the base of.A. William James '“ stream of consciousness”B. Carl Jung ' s “ collective unconscious” and “ archetypal symbolC. Sigmund Freud ' s “interpretation of dreams”D. A

23、ll of the above35. Writers of the sec ond postwar era self-c on sciously ack no wledged that they wereA. a Lost Gen erati onB. a Beat Gen erati onC. a Jazz Gen erati onD. none of the above36. I n 1862, Preside nt Lin coln exclaimed:“ So you are the little woma n who wrote tlbook that started this gr

24、eat war!” The book refers to.A.U ncle Tom ' s Cab inB.BelovedC.Pride and PrejudiceD.The Adve ntures of Huckleberry Fi nn37. In Leaves of Grassis all that concerned Whitma n.A. i ndividualismB. freedomC. democracyD. all the above38. It is not surprising to find in ' s fiction a world of jungl

25、e, wherekilled ” was the law.A. Mark TwainB. Emily Dicki nsonC. Theodore DreiserD. Henry James39. Which one of the following statements is NOT true of William Faulkner?A. He is master of stream-c on scious ness n arrative.B. His writing is often complex and difficult to understand.C. He often depict

26、s slum life in New York and Chicago.D. He represe nts a new group of Souther n writers40. The sett ing of the no vehe Scarlet Letter in.A. En gla nd during World War IB. Paris during the French RevolutionC. Purita n AmericaD. America after the Revoluti onary War第三部分 判斷對錯(1*15=15 ')(T)1. The Calv

27、i nist doctri ne of“ origi nal sin ” exerted great in flue nee upon Hawthor ne(T)2. To Hawthorne sin will get punished, one way or another.(T)3. Roger Chillingworth, the scholar, the embodiment of pure intellect, committed the“ Un pard on able Sin ”.(F)4. Emily Dickinson didn ' t like using capi

28、tal letters where small ones are needed.(T)5. Walt Whitma n used parallelism and refrain in his poems.(T)6. Walt Whitma n was regarded as the Zen ith in America n roma ntic poetry.(T)7. Dick inson was orig in al. She n ever imitates others.(T)8. Allan Poe defined poetry as the rhythmical creation of

29、 beauty.(F)9. O. Henry seldom wrote about poor people.(T)10. According to Poe, art serves for pleasure. The chief aim of poetry is beauty,n amely, to produce a feeli ng of beauty in the reader.(T)11. Accord ing to Dick inson, death means immortality.(F)12. Accord ing to Poe, truth is beauty, beauty

30、truth.(T)13. According to Henry James, the aim of the novel is to reflect life reality.(T)14. James wrote mostly of the upper reaches of America n society, and Howellsconcerned himself chiefly with middle class life whereas Twain dealt largely with the lower strata of society.(F)15. American writers

31、, especially novelists were rather experimental after the World Wars.(T)16. O. Henry ' s short stories are famous for their surprising endings.(T)17. Allen Ginsberg was the representative of the Beat Generation.(T)18. Alla n Poe exerted great in flue nee upon many souther n America n writers, es

32、pecially William Faulk ner.(F)19. Emily Dick inson was regarded as the forerunner of symbolism.(F)20. Mark Twain never touched upon the problem of slavery system in his novels.(F)21. Allan Poe was regarded as the forerunner of American Imagism.(T)22. Mark Twain was the father of America n Ian guage.

33、(T)23. Allan Poe advocated“ pure ” poetry.(F)24. Mark Twa in' con tributi on to the developme nt of realism and to America n literature as a whole was partly through his theories of localism in American fiction and partly through his themes.(T)25. Toni Morris on is one of the most famous con tem

34、porary wome n writers.(T)26. O. Henry was the pen n ame of William Sidney Porter.(T)27. Thomas Jeffers on was the major writer ofThe Declarati on of In depe ndence (T)28. Henry James discovered the trick of making his characters reveal themselves with minimal intervention of the author.(T)29. N. Haw

35、thorne was a symbolic writer in some sen se.(T)30. Whitman ' s poetry suggests rather than tells.第四部分術語解釋(4*5=20 ')1. Tran sce nden talismTranscenden talism refers to the religious and philosophical doctri nes of Ralph Waldo Emerson and others in New England in the middle 1800' which emp

36、hasized the importa nce of in dividual in spirati on and in tuiti on, the Oversoul, and n ature. Other concepts that accompanied Transcendentalism include the idea that nature is enn obli ng and the idea that the in dividual is divine and, therefore, self-relia nt.2. NaturalismNaturalism, a more del

37、iberate kind of realism, usually invoIves a view of human beings as passive victims of natural forces and social environment. As a literary movement, naturalism was initiated in France and it came to be led by Zola, who claimed at “ scientific status for his studies of impoverished characters misera

38、bly subjected to hun ger, sexual obsessi on, and hereditary defects.3. America n DreamThe American Dream is the faith held by many people in the United States of America that through hard work, courage and determ in ati on one can achieve a better life for on eself, usually through finan cial prospe

39、rity. These were values held by many early European settlers, and have been passed on to subsequent generations.4. The Lost Gen erati onThe term Lost Gen eratio n was coined by Gertrude Stein to refer to a group of America n Literary no tables who lived in Paris from the time period which saw the en

40、d of WWI to the beg inning of the Great Depressi on. Sign ifica nt members in eluded Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ezra Pound, Sherwood Anderson, T.S.EIiot, and Gertrude Stein herself. Hemingway likely popularized the term, quoting Stein (“ Youre all a lost generation ” epigraph to his nove

41、l The Sun Also Rises More gen erally, the term is being used for the young adults of Europe and America duri ng WWI. They were “l(fā)ost ” because after the war many of them were disillusioned with the world in general and unwilling to move into settled life.5. Moder nismModern writing is marked by a st

42、rong and conscious break with traditional forms and tech niq ues of expressi on; it believes that we create the world in the act of percei ving it. Modernism implies historical discontinuity, a sense of alienation, of loss, and of despair. It elevates the in dividual and his inner being over social

43、man and prefers the uncon scious to the sel-c on scious.6. Purita nismThe principles and practices of puritans were popularly known as Puritanism. Purita nism accepted the doctri nes of Calvi nism: the sovereig nty of God; the supreme authority of the Bible; the irresistibility of God' s will fo

44、r man in ever act of life fromcradle to grave. These doctrines led the Puritans to examine their souls to find whether they were of the elect and to search the Bible to determine God' s will.7. Hem in gway Heroes (Code Hero)“ Hemingway Heroes ” refer to some protagonists in Hemingway' s work

45、s. Such a herousually is an average man of decidedly masculine tastes, sensitive and intelligent.And usually he is a man of action and of a few words. He is such an individualist, alone eve n whe n with other people, somewhat an outsider, keep ing emoti ons un der control, stoic and self-disciplined

46、 in a dreadful place where one can not get happ in ess.8. Jazz Age“ The Jazz Age ” describes the period of the 1920s and 1930s, the years between WWI and WWII, particularly in North America; with the rise of the Great Depression, the values of this age saw much decli ne. Perhaps the most represe nta

47、tive literary work of the age is American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald The Great Gatsby a highlighting what some describe as the decade nee and hed oni sm, as well as the growth of in dividualism.第五部分選讀分析25'Textl.From the listless repose of the place, and the peculiar character of its in habita nt

48、s, who are desce ndants fromhe orig inal Dutch settlers, this sequestered glen has long been known by the name of SLEEPY HOLLOW, and its rustic lads are called the Sleepy Hollow Boys throughout all the neighboring country. Drowsy and dreamy in flue nee seems to hang over the land, and to pervade the

49、 very atmosphere. Some say that the place was bewitched by a high German doctor, during the early days of the settleme nt; others, that an old In dia n chief, the prophet or wizard of histribe, held his powwows there before the country was discovered by Master Hen drick Huds on.Questio ns:(1) Who is

50、 the writer of this short story from which the passage is take n?(2) What is the title of this short story?(3) Give a defi niti on of“ short story ”.An swer:(1) Wash ington Irving The Lege nd of Sleepy Hollow(3) A short story is a brief prose fiction, usually one that can be read in a single sitting

51、. It gen erally contains the six major eleme nts of fictio n characterizatiose tti ng, theme, plot, point of view and style.Text 2.Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,And sorry I could not travel bothAnd be one traveler, l ong I stoodAnd looked dow n one as far as I couldTo where it bent in the unde

52、rgrowth;The n took the other, as just as fair,And hav ing perhaps the better claim,Because it was grassy and wan ted wear;Though as for that the pass ing thereHad worn them really about the same,And both that morning equally layIn leaves no step had trodde n black.Oh, I kept the first for ano ther d

53、ay!Yet knowing how way leads on to way,I doubted if I should ever come back.I shall be telli ng this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hen ce:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the differe nee.Questio ns:(1) Please examine the poetic form (rhyme

54、and meter) (2')(2) Describe the similarities and differe nces of these two roads. Which one does thespeaker take? (3')(3) How do you understand the word“ sigh ” ? (4 ')(4) What might the two roads stand for in the speaker2') ' s mind?(5) What is the theme of this poem? (2')An

55、 swer:(1) It is written in iambic tetrameter and rhymed abaab.(2) Similarities: both of the roads are beautiful;Differences: one is quiet and grassy, less-traveled, the other is trodden by many people and flatHe took the less-traveled road.(3) The word “sigh ” is a tricky word. Because sigh can be i

56、nterpreted into nostalgic relief or regret. If it is the relief sigh, the n the differe nee means the speaker feels glad with the road he took. If it is the regret sigh, then the difference would not be good,and the speaker would be signing in regret. Hence, sigh is ambiguous here for the speaker is

57、 not show ing whether his choice is right or wrong.(4) The real road, the life road and the road in career.(5) Choices is in evitable but you n ever know what you choice will mean un til you have lived it. This is also the theme of the poem.Text 3.Tell me no t, i n mour nful nu mbers,Life is but an empty dream!For the soul is dead that slumbers,And thi ngs are not what they seem.Life is real-life is earn estAnd the grave is not its goal;Dus