2019-2020年高考英語短文改錯考點(diǎn)解析：代詞

1、2019-2020年高考英語短文改錯考點(diǎn)解析：代詞一、考點(diǎn)規(guī)律分析短文改錯對代詞的考查主要涉及人稱代詞的前后一致性（包括指代的一致性和單復(fù)數(shù)的一致性）、人稱代詞的主格與賓語變化、各類代詞的誤加與漏用（尤其是一些易受漢語影響的結(jié)構(gòu)）、某些不定代詞的用法（尤其是在意思上用錯）、代詞在某些習(xí)語中的用法等。二、真題單句歸納（1） David pointed to a path which it he thought would probably lead to a village.（去掉it ,因它與其前的關(guān)系代詞which語義重復(fù)）（全國卷）（2） When we walked to the car

2、, Bill smiled and shook head. （head 前力口 his , 漢語可搖頭，而英語的習(xí)慣要說shake one s head ） （全國卷）（3） We climb everywhere , not only in America. They have been to Europe manytimes. （They改為 We,前后人稱不一致）（全國卷）（4） And I can t forget the good food you cooked for I.（ I 改為 me, 因介詞之后的人稱代詞要用賓格）（全國卷）（5） I hope that both you

3、 two could e and visit us some time soon. （去掉 both.因both 與后面的two意義重復(fù)，況且詞序安排也不對）（全國卷）（6） The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.（his 改為 their , 因前面的the Smiths 指的是“史密斯夫婦”或“史密斯一家”，是復(fù)數(shù)意義）（全國卷）（7） And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game.（they改為we ,根據(jù)句意，主從句的主語應(yīng)該一致）（

4、全國卷）（8） Now I can t watch much television , but a few years ago （去掉 much ,因?yàn)閺南挛目醋髡攥F(xiàn)在根本就不看電視）（全國卷）（9） Now someone at homereads instead. （ someone 改為 everyone 或 everybody.從全文語義來看，應(yīng)為“每一個人”） （全國卷）（10） I m spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it.（去掉all ,因all 與whole語義重復(fù)）（北京春季卷）（11） The da

5、y before the speech contest （比賽） English teacher talked to me.（English 前加my, teacher為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前面要有限定詞）（全國卷）（12） I think I liked those classes because I felt that it helped me understand what the world works. （it 改為 they ,因它表示 those classes ）（北京春季卷）（13） - in any other words, I aman only child. （去掉 any

6、,因 in other words為固定短語，意思是“換句話說”）（全國卷）（14） For example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a secret place I couldn t find. （them 改為 it ,因它指代上文提到的 a chocolate cake） （北 東春季卷）（15） Then he ate it all , by himself. He never helped other.（other 改為others , others 泛指其他人”）（北京春季卷）（16） The three o

7、f them were very excited.（them 改為 us ,因短文用的是第一人稱） （全國卷）（17） But his parents think going to college is more important than playingsports and college is the only place for a smart boy like his son. （his 改為 their , 因要與其前的his parents保持一致）（安徽春季卷）（18） According to studies , any children spend more time wa

8、tching televisionthan they spend in school.（ anything 改為（any改為 many / some ,由句意決定）（北京春季卷）（19） and tried to translate anything into English.everything ,根據(jù)上下文句意確定）（全國卷）（20） as I was learning to express me in simple English.express oneself為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“表明意思、意見，表達(dá)思想”）（21） One day I wrote a little story and s

9、howed to my teacher.加it , showed在此作及物動詞，后面缺少賓語） （全國卷）（me 改為 myself ,（全國卷）（showed 后（21） At once I apologize and controlledme at my best till the dinner started.（me改為myself ,根據(jù)主語和句意，此處應(yīng)用反身代詞）（江蘇卷）（22） And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own （your 改為 their ,主語是 more and

10、 more people , 故用代詞 their ） （浙江卷）（23） If any one of us had any difficulty in our life or study , the other would help him out. （other改為others ,因?yàn)楫?dāng)某個人遇到困難時，其余的所有人”都會幫 他，而不是“另外的那一個人”會幫他）（天津卷）（24） What s more , you have to be friendly with your pupils and take goodcare of him. (him 改為them ,因?yàn)榇颂幰娴氖莥ou

11、r pupils )(湖北卷)三、模擬單句演練(1) Here are some letters for you and he.(2) She loves swimming. It keeps she fit.(3) Here are the cats Auntie brought us. Take good care of it.(4) Everyone here gets up earlier than her does.(5) Here is my dog. It s name is Petty.(6) He opened mouth as if to say something.(7)

12、 Dont lose your heart. Try again.(8) The Smiths have been married , but have no children of his own.(9) I tell him everything , for he is a good friend of me.(10) He smiled at her and laid her hand on hers.(11) When you are away from home, you should look after you.(12) If you have any question , pu

13、t up hand.(13) It s a very important thing. You must think over carefully.(14) I don t like these ; please show me some other.(15) In order to catch the thief, the police did his best.(16) This is the book which you bought it for me ten years ago.(17) I m very sorry about all the whole thing.(18) Wh

14、en I got up , I found parents were preparing breakfast for me.(19) Yes, money is very important , but it is not anything.(20) At the airport , all his baggage was stolen , but soon he got them back.參考答案(1) he改為him ,因與you并列用作介詞for的賓語。(2) she 改為her ,因用作動詞 keeps 的賓語。(3) it 改為them ,因它指代前面的 cats.(4) her改

15、為she ,因其后有動詞does.(5) It s 改為 Its , it s = it is / it has ,而 its 意為它的。(6) mouth前加his ,按英語習(xí)慣，此物主代詞不能少。(7) 去掉your ,比較：lose heart 意為灰心，lose one s heart 意為愛上。(8) his 改為their ,因其前相應(yīng)的名詞the Smiths(史密斯夫婦)表復(fù)數(shù)。(9) me改為mine , a friend of后習(xí)慣上名詞性物主代詞，不接人稱代詞的賓格形式。(10) 將her hand中的her改為his ,句意為“他對她笑了笑，把他的手放在她手上”。(11

16、) 將最后一個 you 改為yourself , look after oneself 意為“自己照顧自己”。(12) hand前加your ,否則不合英語習(xí)慣。(13) think 后加it ,因think over 為及物動詞。(14) other 改為others ,指另外的一些；若指另外的一個，可用 another.(15) his 改為their ,指代前面的the police(它永遠(yuǎn)表復(fù)數(shù)意義)。(16) 去掉it ，因it 與which 語義重復(fù)。(17) 去掉all ,因它與the whole語義重復(fù)。(18) parents 前加my,否則不符合英語習(xí)慣。(19) anyt

17、hing 改為everything ,否則語意不通。(20) them 改為it ,因baggage為不可數(shù)名詞2019-2020年高考英語短文改錯考點(diǎn)解析：冠詞一、考點(diǎn)規(guī)律分析短文改錯對冠詞的考查主要涉及冠詞的誤加和漏用，有時也考查不定冠詞與定冠詞以及零冠詞的用法區(qū)別(包括a與an的區(qū)別)。其中，涉及最多的是，當(dāng)一個單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時，其前漏用不定冠詞；另外，冠詞在一些習(xí)語中的用法也是一個重要考點(diǎn)。二、真題單句歸納(the改為a ,因此處（1） After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened. (a 改為 an ,因 hour 讀音

18、以元音開頭)(全國卷)（2） I decided to climb the tree to see where we were.并非特指，而是泛指）（全國卷）（3） Some people read the books or watch television while others have sports.（去掉the ,因這里的books表泛指，不表特指）（全國卷）（4） Good health is persons most valuable possession. （person s 前力口 a ,這里的a表泛指）（全國卷）（5） Modern people know more abo

19、ut the health , have better food , and live in clearer surroundings.（去掉 the ,因 health 表泛指） （全國卷）（6） There is public library in every town in Britain.（public library 前加a ,因這里的public library是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表泛指，故在其前用a）（全國卷）（7） Maybe you could e during a winter holidays. （a 改為 the ,因從含義上看， 此處的winter holidays屬特指或

20、者是談話雙方都知道的）（全國卷）（8） Today I visited the Smiths my first visit to a American family.（a改為an ,因American 的讀音以元音開頭）（全國卷）（9） Each player must obey captain , who is the leader of the team. （captain 前加冠詞the , captain 為特指） （全國卷）（10） Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another.（the改為one ,

21、one與下一行的 another 構(gòu)成”一個另一個“）（全國卷）（11） I ll take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday.（wonderful 前加a ,該表達(dá)與 have a good time 類似，其中的 a不可?。?（北京春季 卷）（12） Suddenly , I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.（去掉a , catch sight of 是習(xí)語，意為“看見、瞥見”）（全國卷）（13） For example, when I was

22、a child , the rain was a mystery （奧秘）。 （去 掉the , rain在此泛指）（北京春季卷）（14） We may be one family and live under a same roof.（a 改為 the , 因 same前應(yīng)用定冠詞）（全國卷）（15） As everyone knows , it s famous mountain with all k inds of plants and animals.（在famous前加a ,注意mountain 是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞）（全國卷）（16） My teacher advised me to k

23、eep my diary.（my diary 改為 a diary , keepa diary 意為“寫日記”）（全國卷）（17） When I was boy , the most exciting thing was to celebrate the SpringFestival. (boy前加a ,因boy為可數(shù)名詞)(江蘇卷)（18） On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend.(a改為the ,因這不是泛指的周末，而是特指本周周末)(四川卷)（19） And every year more an

24、d more people start a stamp collection of theirown and discover an interest which can even last lifetime.(lifetime前力口 a, 指人的一生是a lifetime )(浙江卷)（20） Ten minutes later , the firemen came and put out fire. (fire 前力口 the , 因這是特指的一場火災(zāi))(福建卷)（21） As we all left home at early age, (early 前力口 an, at an earl

25、y age意為“在年幼時”)(天津卷)（22） My grandma was the best cooker in the world but could make the mostdelicious dishes. (cooker 改為 cook, 比較： cook= , cooker=炊具) (江蘇卷) 三、模擬單句演練(1) Her sister , who is nurse , will marry one of the doctors in the hospital.(2) It was such wonderful dinner that we enjoyed it very mu

26、ch.(3) It was raining hard , so I had to borrow a umbrella.(4) My friend Mary es from an European country.(5) Mr Smith used to be physics teacher till he turned writer.(6) In small village like this, everybody knows everybody else.(7) Only few of the children can read such books.(8) For long time ne

27、ither of us spoke to each other.(9) Look , a girl in blue is my cousin.(10) Look ! A car has stopped there. A car is beautiful.(11) She asked whether we came from a same city.(12) The mountain was covered with the snow all the year round.(13) You don t know what wonderful time we ve had.(14) People made the fun of he