水庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)洪水工程水文學(xué)課程設(shè)計(jì)

1、水文學(xué)課程設(shè)計(jì)課程名稱：工程水文學(xué)題目：陂下水庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)洪水學(xué)院：土木工程系：水利水電與港口工程專業(yè)：水利水電工程班級(jí)：2022 級(jí)學(xué)號(hào)：學(xué)生姓名：起訖日期：201201指導(dǎo)教師：職稱：高工二 O 一四年六月目錄第1章根本資料11.1工程概況11.2設(shè)計(jì)資料1第2章設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn)32.1設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)32.2確定流域參數(shù)32.3設(shè)計(jì)暴雨32.4損失參數(shù)112.5匯流參數(shù)112.6設(shè)計(jì)洪峰流量推求112.7設(shè)計(jì)洪水過(guò)程線13第3章設(shè)計(jì)成果18第4章成果合理性分析19附錄20第1章根本資料1.1工程概況1.1.1水庫(kù)概況陂下水庫(kù)位于福建省長(zhǎng)汀縣四都鄉(xiāng),與江西省毗鄰.壩址位于汀江支流濯田河的小支流陂下河上.濯田河水

2、力資源豐富,經(jīng)流域規(guī)劃,提出水力發(fā)電四級(jí)開(kāi)發(fā)方案,陂下水庫(kù)為一級(jí)龍頭水庫(kù).根據(jù)地形、地質(zhì)條件,總庫(kù)容初估約為50006000萬(wàn)m3,屬中型水庫(kù),裝機(jī)容量5000kW左右,屬小型電站.水工建筑物為三級(jí)建筑物,大壩為砌石壩.1.1.2流域概況陂下水庫(kù)壩址以上流域面積166km2,流域?yàn)樯角饏^(qū),平均高度500m,主河長(zhǎng)30.4km,主河道平均比降7.82%.流域內(nèi)植被良好,土壤以紅壤土為主.流域內(nèi)雨量豐沛,多年平均降雨量1617.5mm,主要集中在四九月,其中四六月份以鋒面雨為主,七九月份以臺(tái)風(fēng)雨為主.流域內(nèi)多年平均徑流深981mm,多年平均陸面蒸發(fā)量636.5mm,多年平均水面蒸發(fā)量990mm.1

3、.2設(shè)計(jì)資料1.2.1資料概況陂下水庫(kù)壩址處無(wú)實(shí)測(cè)流量資料,流域內(nèi)也無(wú)實(shí)測(cè)雨量資料.壩址下游約1km處有四都雨量站,具有19561975年實(shí)測(cè)降雨系列.陂下河1973年5月31日發(fā)生過(guò)一場(chǎng)特大暴雨,四都站實(shí)測(cè)最大一日雨量332.5mm,經(jīng)調(diào)查,重現(xiàn)期約為80100年.流域附近有觀音橋、官莊、上杭、桃溪、楊家坊水文站及長(zhǎng)汀、新橋、鐵長(zhǎng)、庵杰、四都、濯田等雨量站.資料情況見(jiàn)表1.其它資料：水利水電工程設(shè)計(jì)洪水計(jì)算手冊(cè),福建省水文手冊(cè)、龍巖地區(qū)簡(jiǎn)易水文手冊(cè)、龍巖地區(qū)水文圖集.1.2.2設(shè)計(jì)資料1 .各水文站站有關(guān)資料年限統(tǒng)計(jì)表,見(jiàn)表1.2 .暴雨資料長(zhǎng)汀、四都、濯田站實(shí)測(cè)短歷時(shí)暴雨資料,見(jiàn)表2.3.

4、福建省暴雨點(diǎn)面折算關(guān)系,見(jiàn)表3.4 .福建省設(shè)計(jì)暴雨時(shí)程分配,見(jiàn)表4.5 .福建省次暴雨強(qiáng)度i次和損失參數(shù)心關(guān)系,見(jiàn)表5.6 .降雨歷時(shí)等于24小時(shí)的徑流系數(shù)a值表,見(jiàn)表6.7 .福建省匯流參數(shù)m經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式,見(jiàn)表7.8 .匯流參數(shù)m值查用表,見(jiàn)表8.9 .福建省24h暴雨洪水概化過(guò)程線系數(shù)表,見(jiàn)表9.10 .福建省龍巖市和江西省贛州市局部水文站洪峰流量分析成果表,見(jiàn)表第2章設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn)2.1設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)根據(jù)工程規(guī)模確定設(shè)計(jì)洪水標(biāo)準(zhǔn),包括設(shè)計(jì)洪水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和校核洪水標(biāo)準(zhǔn).該水庫(kù)為三級(jí)建筑物,大壩為砌石壩,設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為50年一遇,校核標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為500年一遇.2.2確定流域參數(shù)根據(jù)萬(wàn)分之一地形圖,壩址以上集水面積F為16

5、6km2,主河道長(zhǎng)度L為30.4km,主河道河底比降為7.83%.30.5設(shè)計(jì)暴雨30.5.1雨遞減指數(shù)n2根據(jù)長(zhǎng)汀雨量站各種歷時(shí)T=3h6h、12h、24h實(shí)測(cè)最大雨量系列進(jìn)行頻率分析,其中1966年暴雨可以認(rèn)為是1936年以來(lái)最大.求出P=0.2%1%2%10%20加計(jì)雨量HT,P,并化為降雨強(qiáng)度片,在雙對(duì)數(shù)紙上點(diǎn)繪T和關(guān)系,并圖解出暴雨遞減指數(shù)表2-12-1長(zhǎng)汀3h3h降雨量經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率成果表序號(hào)降水量mm經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率%序號(hào)降水量mm經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率%1154.42.41150.152.4295.59.51250.157.1364.114.31347.961.9463.419.01446.566.755

6、723.81545.471.4656.528.61643.376.2755.933.31741.881.0853.738.11841.185.7952.242.91939.690.51051.347.62024.995.2經(jīng)計(jì)算,Ex=54.2mmCv=0.39調(diào)整后得：圖2-1表2-22-2長(zhǎng)汀6h6h降雨量經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率成果表序號(hào)降水量mm經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率%序號(hào)降水量mm經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率%1174.72.4116052.421309.51259.557.1396.914.31358.561.9496.619.01456.266.7579.223.81552.971.410678.128.61652.576.27

7、64.233.31751.281.0864.138.11849.385.7962.242.91946.490.51060.647.62037.595.2經(jīng)計(jì)算,Ex=68.8mmCv=0.4調(diào)整后得：圖2-2表2-32-3長(zhǎng)汀12h12h降雨量經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率成果表序號(hào)降水量mm經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率%序號(hào)降水量mm經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率%1178.82.41975.552.82141.75.62074.655.63129.88.32174.158.34113.711.12273.261.15111.113.92369.163.96106.616.72467.566.77106.419.42565.569.4810022.226

8、62.672.2998.525.02759.375.01097.227.82858.777.81195.630.62957.780.61292.533.33057.483.31389.836.13153.386.11489.438.93253.288.91585.841.73352.791.71683.544.43451.794.41777.447.23551.597.21877.150.0經(jīng)計(jì)算,Ex=83.4mmCv=0.33調(diào)整后得：圖2-3表2-42-4長(zhǎng)汀24h24h降雨量經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率成果表序號(hào)降水量mm經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率%序號(hào)降水量mm經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率%1219.62.420102.451.32167.

9、75.121101.853.83148.27.722100.756.4414410.32395.459.0513912.82495.161.56138.915.42593.664.17137.317.92690.466.78133.620.5278969.2912223.12886.671.810116.825.62984.974.411115.828.23079.576.912113.730.83176.779.513112.833.33270.382.114112.535.93369.984.615112.338.53466.287.216108.541.03561.189.717104.

10、343.63659.592.318103.446.23758.394.919102.748.73856.997.4經(jīng)計(jì)算,Ex=104.9mmCv=0.31調(diào)整后得：圖2-4T(h)設(shè)計(jì)雨量mm降雨強(qiáng)度mm/h3214.6671.566229.9238.3212240.220.0124264.6711.03表2-7P=1%2-7P=1%長(zhǎng)汀降雨強(qiáng)度表T(h)設(shè)計(jì)雨量mm降雨強(qiáng)度mm/h3164.754.96180.2630.0412195.0816.2624221.19.21表2-8P=2%2-8P=2%長(zhǎng)汀降雨強(qiáng)度表T(h)設(shè)計(jì)雨量mm降雨強(qiáng)度mm/h3142.4147.476158.862

11、6.4812175.2814.6124201.78.40表2-9P=10%2-9P=10%長(zhǎng)汀降雨強(qiáng)度表T(h)設(shè)計(jì)雨量mm降雨強(qiáng)度mm/h396.630.877(%)T認(rèn)、0.2121020CvCs/Cv3214.66164.7142.4192.671.520.513.56229.92180.26158.86109.1587.720.503.512240.2195.08175.28127.84106.290.383.524264.67221.1201.7154.11131.680.344.0表2-52-5長(zhǎng)汀設(shè)計(jì)雨量成果表表2-6P=0.2%2-6P=0.2%長(zhǎng)汀降雨強(qiáng)度表6109.1518

12、.1912127.8410.6524154.116.42表2-10P=20%2-10P=20%長(zhǎng)汀降雨強(qiáng)度表T(h)設(shè)計(jì)雨量(mm)降雨強(qiáng)度(mm/h)371.5223.84687.7214.6212106.298.8624131.685.49圖2-5根據(jù)長(zhǎng)汀站降雨強(qiáng)度與時(shí)間對(duì)數(shù)關(guān)系曲線,見(jiàn)圖2-5,解出暴雨遞減指數(shù) n2并求其平均值,n2=n2/5=0.82為最終的暴雨遞減指數(shù).30.5.2者B站24h設(shè)計(jì)暴雨計(jì)算根據(jù)四都站實(shí)測(cè)日最大雨量進(jìn)行頻率分析,其中1973年暴雨須作特大值處理,求出設(shè)計(jì)日雨量,再按經(jīng)驗(yàn)關(guān)系：H24,P=1.14H 日,P,換算為24h設(shè)計(jì)雨量,表2-11四都最大一日降

13、水量經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率成果表序號(hào)降水量(mm)經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率(%)序號(hào)降水量(mm)經(jīng)驗(yàn)頻率(%)1332.51.0118952.42171.89.5128657.13130.114.31384.261.94121.219.01483.866.75118.923.81583.471.46110.428.61677.376.27108.233.31774.681.08108.238.11865.185.7993.442.91955.290.5109047.62054.395.2經(jīng)計(jì)算,Ex=97.4mmCv=0.37調(diào)整后得：圖2-6表2-12四都24h24h設(shè)計(jì)暴雨單位：mm一頻虧雨目-_率重一0.2%2%設(shè)

14、計(jì)日雨量435.29274.5924h設(shè)計(jì)雨量496.23313.032.3.3設(shè)計(jì)雨力SP當(dāng)P=2%根據(jù)公式求出設(shè)計(jì)雨力SP=H24,P24n=175.68mm當(dāng)P=0.2%時(shí),SP=H24P父24n2為278.46mm30.5.4各種歷時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)雨量利用暴雨公式：H.p=H24,P義 24nl乂5一(1ht24h)推求1h、3h、6h、24h設(shè)計(jì)雨量.表2-13P=2%時(shí)各種歷時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)雨量表T(h)13624-H,P(mm)175.67214.49239.02303.34表2-14P=0.2%時(shí)各種歷時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)雨量表T(h)13624H,P(mm)278.41340.02378.90480.86直接

15、移用四都站設(shè)計(jì)雨量,按福建省暴雨點(diǎn)面折算關(guān)系求陂下水庫(kù)各種歷時(shí)流域設(shè)計(jì)面平均雨量.按福建省水文手冊(cè)中24h設(shè)計(jì)暴雨典型分配推求設(shè)計(jì)暴雨時(shí)程分配表3查表并由內(nèi)插法算得：表2-15陂下水庫(kù)壩址以上流域點(diǎn)面折算系數(shù)成果表T(h)13624折算系數(shù)0.8130.8490.8900.948表2-16P=2%2-16P=2%時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)面平均雨量表T(h)13624設(shè)計(jì)卸平均雨量(mm)142.81182.10212.73287.56表2-172-17設(shè)計(jì)暴雨時(shí)程分配表p=2%p=2%mm日程最大24小時(shí)時(shí)段歷時(shí)662136占HI%100占(H3-H1)%100占H6-H3%100占H24-H6%204238設(shè)

16、計(jì)暴雨過(guò)程15.9731.4339.292142.8130.62828.44表2-18P=0.2%2-18P=0.2%時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)面平均雨量表T(h)13624設(shè)計(jì)卸平均雨量(mm)226.39288.68337.22455.86表2-19P=0.2%2-19P=0.2%時(shí)暴雨時(shí)程分配表mm日程最大24小時(shí)時(shí)段歷時(shí)662136占H1%100占(H3-H1)%100占山-山%100占H24-H6%204238設(shè)計(jì)暴雨過(guò)程23.72749.82662.288226.38748.54645.0830.5.6求設(shè)計(jì)凈雨過(guò)程按福建省水文手冊(cè)規(guī)定,24h設(shè)計(jì)暴雨不扣損,直接將設(shè)計(jì)暴雨過(guò)程作為設(shè)計(jì)凈雨過(guò)程30.6

17、失參數(shù)以P=2%寸,i次=FL,p/24=11.98mm/h,查表并由內(nèi)插法算得,仙=4.29mm/hP=0.2時(shí),i次=Hkp/24=18.99mm/h,查表并由內(nèi)插法算得,p=6.16mm/h30.7流參數(shù)m按福建省水文手冊(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)關(guān)系：m mL/JL/J3 3推求.主河道長(zhǎng)度L=30.4km,主河道河底比降J=7.83%0oL/J1/3=153.16,查表并由內(nèi)插法算得,m=1.292.6設(shè)計(jì)洪峰流量推求用推理公式計(jì)算：當(dāng) tc之工時(shí):當(dāng) tcE 時(shí)：采用試算法,試算法步驟如下：由(D)式計(jì)算tc.假定一個(gè)QmP,代入(B)式計(jì)算出T0計(jì)算QmP(1)當(dāng)卜之七時(shí)：由(A1)式計(jì)算QmP.(2

18、)當(dāng)卜七時(shí)：由(A2)式計(jì)算QmP.比擬QmP和 QmP,(1)當(dāng)QmP-QmP|%QmP即為所求；(2)當(dāng)QmP-QmP|8,將QmPnQmP,返回.式中&為誤差標(biāo)準(zhǔn).試算法：1P=0.2%寸tc=(1_%*產(chǎn)=10.22h表2-20P-0.2%設(shè)計(jì)洪峰流量試算表八3,、Qmp(m/s)TcT八3,Qmp(m/s255010.224.662689260010.224.642701265010.224.612713270010.224.592724271010.224.592726272010.224.582729273010.224.582731274010.224.58273327

19、5010.224.572735取校核洪峰流量Qmp=2730m3/sr=4.58P=2%寸=9.05h表2-21P=2%時(shí)試算成果表Qmp(m3/sTcT八3,、Qmp(m/s)14009.055.41146114109.055.40146314209.055.39146614309.055.38146814409.055.37147114509.055.371473146019.05P5.36147514709.055.35147814809.055.34148014909.055.33148215009.055.321485取設(shè)計(jì)洪峰流量Qmp=1480m3/s=5.342.7設(shè)計(jì)洪水過(guò)程

20、線2.7.1分割時(shí)段地表徑流和地下徑流記時(shí)段凈雨為R,時(shí)段地表凈雨為R,時(shí)段地下凈雨為Ri.當(dāng) R2：Rgi=N當(dāng) RiMN:Rgi=Rig地表凈雨地下凈雨Rsi=Ri-RgiRsi=0RS八RsiRgCRgi時(shí)時(shí)段地表和地下凈雨量表(mm)(mm)時(shí)段歷時(shí)(h)662136Rgi(mm)15.9725.748.584.2912.8725.74Rsi(mm)05.6930.71138.5217.762.70地表凈雨地下凈雨表2-23=93.19mm時(shí)段歷時(shí)(h)662136Rgi(mm)23.7336.9612.326.1618.4836.96Rsi(mm)012.8749.97220.233

21、0.078.12地表凈雨地下凈雨=134.61mm當(dāng)P=2%寸,根據(jù)公式算得地表洪量地下洪量WqSWg-1000RSFS=1000RqFgP=0.2%時(shí),根據(jù)公式算得地表洪量地下洪量WSWg=1000RSFS=1000R.Fg表2-22P=2%=195.38mmRS=RSiRg=Rgi時(shí)時(shí)段地表和地下凈雨量表P=0.2%=321.25mmRS=RsiRg=Rgi2.7,3地表洪水過(guò)程線采用福建省概化洪水過(guò)程線推求.先計(jì)算洪水形狀系數(shù)=式中,Qms=QmP,T為地表洪水過(guò)程線的底寬,24h設(shè)計(jì)雨量固定為50h,然后根據(jù)丫值查?t旦關(guān)系表見(jiàn)表9,乘以地表洪峰流量即得設(shè)計(jì)地表洪Qm水過(guò)程線表9.P=

22、2%寸,=s=0.12P=0.2%時(shí),S=s=0.11QmsT3600QmsT3600表2-24設(shè)計(jì)/校核洪水過(guò)程線表t(h)p=2%一,3.、一Qt(m/s)Cm(m3/s)Qt+QmP=0.2%Qt(m3/s)Q)m(m3/s)Qt+QmQt/Qm(%)3(m/s)Qt/Qm(%)3(m/s)00000000032.33453926377065.88610965.21581517377.2107121196.41971721488.6127141417.723520255910.1149151659276222981011.81751719210.5322253471113.7203192

23、2212.4374274011216.32412126214.7445304751319.62902231217.8535325671428.24172444125.8770358051546.46872671343.1126737130415.572.8107727110469.31987 r38202616100148028P150811002730 P40277016.581.8121128123979.822334122741767.299529P102464.31835 r4218771844.66603169141.11218150533537319314

24、79782027.440634r440124.7748r507982122.83373637420.5622526752219.62903832817.5535555902317.125340P29315.1467r575242414.721841r259112.9401604612512.81894323211.134962412261116345r2079.630065365304.26252r11413.411574189351.62460841.24487131QmsT3600400.91369820.82599124450.3477P820.28P1121205000868600124124518484122122528383：P1191195381811171175479791141145577P771P112112567676109109577474107107587272；P1041045970P70一1021026