2018年英語高考全國卷二(含參考答案)

1、精心整理絕密啟用前2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.作答時(shí)，務(wù)必將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷及草稿紙上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5短對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段

2、對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.1.WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman?A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Ataticketo

3、ffice.C.Onatrain.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview?A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.C.Itwassuccessful.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀

4、兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhenwillJudygotoaparty?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.7.WhatwillMaxdonext?A.Flyakite.B.Readamagazine.C.Dohishomework.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingatfirst?A.Goingtoaconcert.B.Watchingamovie.C.Playingacomputergame.9.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.VisitMike.B.Gobo

5、ating.C.Takeawalk.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans?A.Red.B.Green.C.Blue.11.Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome?A.Toeattheminasafeplace.B.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.C.Tomaketheirownershappy.12.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Grateful.B.Humorous.C.Curious.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題

6、。13.WhoisMacy?A.Edsmother.B.Edsteacher.C.Edsfriend.14.HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.15.WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten?A.Tellingstories.B.Singingsongs.C.Playingwithothers.16.WhatdotheteacherssayaboutEd?A.Hesclever.B.Hesquiet.C.Hesbrave.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Atwhatage

7、didEmilystartlearningballet?A.Five.B.Six.C.Nine.18.WhydidEmilymovetoToronto?A.Toworkforadanceschool.B.Toperformatadancetheater.C.Tolearncontemporarydance.19.WhydidEmilyquitdancing?A.Shewastoooldtodance.B.Shefailedtogetascholarship.C.Shelostinterestinit.20.HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining?A.Shes

8、pleased.B.Shesregretful.C.Shesupset.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASummerActivitiesStudentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/carers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.

9、Beforechoicesarefinalised,parents/carerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchildschoices.ActivityDescriptionMemberofstaffCostOutdoorAdventure(OUT)Takeyourselfoutofyourcomfortzoneforaweek,discovernewpersonalqualities,andlearnnewskills.Youwillbeabletotakepartinanumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowildcampingo

10、nDartmoor.Learnrockclimbingandworkasateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoorenvironment.Mr.Clemens140WWIBattlefieldsandParis(WBP)OnMondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarIbattlefields.OnDay3wecrossintoBelgium.ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneytoParis

11、wherewewillvisitDisneylandParispark,stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthefireworks.Ourfinalday,Friday,seesusvisitcentralParisandtourthemainsights.Mrs.Wilson425CraftyFoxes(CRF)Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundtextiles.Makinglovelyobjectsusingrecycledandmadematerials.Bags,cushionsanddecorations.Lear

12、nskillsandleavewithmodernandunusualtextiles.Mrs.Goode30PottyaboutPotter(POT)VisitWarnerBrosStudio,shopstoptobuypicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedYouthHostelinStreatley-on-Thames,guidedtourofOxfordtoseethefilmlocations,picniclunchoutsideOxfordsChristchurch,boatingontheRiverCherwellthroughtheUniversityP

13、arks,beforeheadingbacktoExeter.MissDrake15021.Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?A.OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.22.What?will?the?students?do?on?Tuesday?with?Mrs.?Wilson?A.Travel?to?London.?B.See?a?parade?and?fireworks.C.Tour?central?Paris.D.Visit?the?WWI?battlefields.23.How?long?does?Potty?abou

14、t?Potter?last?A.Two?days.B.Four?days.C.Five?days.D.One?week.BManyofusloveJulybecauseitsthemonthwhennaturesberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbiasfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although

15、,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白質(zhì)),ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物質(zhì)).TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(櫻桃),theyaresodelicious

16、whocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfaticecream.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asque

17、ezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.zxxkIfyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesasoft-servecreamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivit

18、yforachildrensparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.24.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?A.Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.25.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbanan

19、as?A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.26.Whatisajuicerinthelastparagraph?A.Adessert.B.Adrink.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.27.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.CTeensandyounger

20、childrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildrenslives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.Accordingtothereportskeyfindings,theprop

21、ortion(比例)whosaytheyhardlyeverreadforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday.Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages28,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromcloser

22、toanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel(建議)parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.zxxkThemosthopefuldatas

23、haredinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Asth

24、eendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom(逼近)ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.28.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?A.Childrensreadinghabits.B.Qualityofchildrensbooks.C.Childrensafter-classactiv

25、ities.D.Parent-childrelationships.29.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupportschildrenarereadingalotlessforfun?A.Inparagraph2.B.Inparagraph3.C.Inparagraph4.D.Inparagraph5.30.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?A.E-booksareofpoorquality.B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.C.Itmayharmchildrenshealth.D.E-readersar

26、eexpensive.31.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A.Actasrolemodelsforthem.B.Askthemtowritebookreports.C.Setupreadinggroupsforthem.D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.DWeveallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphoneso

27、r,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.Whatstheproblem?Itspossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.Itsmorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseitsawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkitsannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalki

28、sworththetrouble.Expertssayitsaninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecantforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldntevenexistifitwerentforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(潤滑劑)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearc

29、hInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,heexplains.Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffe

30、eshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互動(dòng))withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.Itsnotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,saysDunn.Butinterac

31、tionswithperipheral(邊緣的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,hesays.zxxk32.Whatphen

32、omenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A.Addictiontosmartphones.B.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.C.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D.Impatiencewithslowservice.33.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A.Showinggoodmanners.B.Relatingtootherpeople.C.Focusingonatopic.D.Mak

33、ingbusinessdeals.34.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraisespeoplesconfidence.C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ConversationCountsB.WaysofMakingSmallTalkC.BenefitsofSmallTalkD.UncomfortableSilen

34、ce第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.l Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumo

35、reawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37l Yourmetabolism(新陳代謝)getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.l 39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exer

36、ciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.l 40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealo

37、tofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10ho

38、ursafterexercise.F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryouredoingitnow,thenlistenup!第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Twoweeksearlier,myson,Ben,hadgotintouch.HedmovedtoEnglandwithh

39、ismumwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceId41seenhim.Soimaginemy42whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.Iwas43!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto44.Thebaywas45insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.Gettingalittle46,Irealizedonekayak（皮劃艇）wasin47.Somethingsnot48

40、!ItookoffmyT-shirtand49intothewater.Isawthereweretwoinstructorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewas50violently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstructors.Ihelped51theyoungmanoutofthewater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something52tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53.Whatshisname?Iaskedtheinstructor.Ben,

41、hereplied,andimmediatelyI54.Thatstrangerwasmyson!Theinstructorscalledforanambulance.55,afterabriefstayinhospital,Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto56andlaterthefamilymetupfordinner.WechattedabouteverythingandthenBen57tome.Ijustwanttosaythankyou,hesaid.You58mylife!Istillcantbelievewhata59itwas.Imjustsogla

42、dIwasthere60tohelpmyson.41.A.alsoB.oftenC.evenD.last42.A.delightB.reliefC.angerD.worry43.A.scaredB.shockedC.thrilledD.ashamed44.A.talkB.stayC.meetD.settle45.A.bathedB.cleanC.deepD.formed46.A.fasterB.closerC.heavierD.wiser47.A.troubleB.advanceC.questionD.battle48.A.realB.rightC.fairD.fit49.A.staredB.

43、sankC.divedD.fell50.A.arguingB.fightingC.shoutingD.shaking51.A.leadB.persuadeC.carryD.keep52.A.happenedB.occurredC.appliedD.appealed53.A.sharpB.pleasantC.attractiveD.familiar54.A.agreedB.hesitatedC.doubtedD.knew55.A.FortunatelyB.FranklyC.SadlyD.Suddenly56.A.returnB.relaxC.speakD.leave57.A.jokedB.tur

44、nedC.listenedD.pointed58.A.createdB.honoredC.savedD.guided59.A.coincidenceB.changeC.pityD.pain60.A.onboardB.intimeC.forsureD.onpurpose第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DietshavechangedinChinaandsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61（grow）morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjum

45、pednearly125percentover62past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcornsrise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65ricean

46、dcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66(pollute)inthecountrysmajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.zxxkAccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005whenthegovernmen

47、t68(start)asoil-testingprogram69givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmersand2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.Chinasapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70(feed)itscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.saysthebanksJuergenVoegele.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分1