古建筑名詞-中英對(duì)照

1、古建筑名詞-中英對(duì)照信人：tjr99 （頤養(yǎng)），信區(qū)：DESIGNPHD標(biāo) 題：中國(guó)古代建筑及構(gòu)造英文翻譯發(fā) 信 站： 未 建 成BBS （Sun Mar 11 20:43:56 2007）,站內(nèi)（全國(guó)自然科學(xué)名詞審定委員會(huì)1996年公布）中國(guó)古代建筑及構(gòu)造宮 palace, temple殿 hall廳hall又稱(chēng)堂室 room房 house亭 pavilion臺(tái) platform壇 altar樓 storied building*閣 pavilion廊 colonnade榭 pavilion on terrace水榭 waterside pavilion軒 windowed veranda民

2、居 folk house四合院 courtyard house寨 stockaded village舫 boat house闕 que, watchtower牌樓 pailou)decorated gateway華表 huabiao) ornamental pillar塔 pagoda硬山 flush gable roof懸山 overhanging gable roof歇山 gable and hip roof龐殿 hip roof四阿 hip roof卷棚 round ridge roof重檐 double eave roof攢尖 pyramidal roof園攢尖 round pavil

3、ion roof大木 wooden structure大式 wooden frame with dougong小式 wooden frame without dougong大木作 carpentry work/、木作 joinery work抬梁式構(gòu)架 post and lintel construction穿斗式構(gòu)架 column and tie construction井干式構(gòu)架 log cabin construction檐柱 eave column金柱 hypostyle column內(nèi)槽柱hypostyle column唐代術(shù)語(yǔ)內(nèi)柱hypostyle column 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)山柱 ce

4、nter column角柱corner column唐、宋術(shù)語(yǔ)瓜柱 short column脊瓜柱king post蜀柱king post宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)雷公柱 suspended column帳桿suspended column宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)側(cè)腳cejiao宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)卷殺 entasis梭柱 shuttle-shaped column 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)角背 bracket由俄 inverted V-shaped brace*手 chashou, inverted V-shaped brace 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)|它墩 wooden pier駝峰 tuofeng) camel-hump shaped support 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)梁

5、 beam楨beam宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)月梁 crescent beam三架梁 3-purlin beam平梁3-purlin beam 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)四架梁 4-purlin beam五架梁 5-purlin beam四椽楨5-purlin beam 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)六架梁 6-purlin beam七架梁 7-purlin beam六椽楨7-purlin beam 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)九架梁 9-purlin beam八椽楨9-purlin beam 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)單步梁 one-step cross beam雙步梁 two-step cross beam挑尖梁 main aisle exposed tiebeam乳楨rufu )

6、beam tie宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)抱頭梁 baotou beam穿插榜 penetrating tie角梁 hip rafer日行 purlin (used with dougong) 大式 楝 purlin (used without dougong) 小式樽purlin宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)脊桁ridged purlin 大式脊楝ridged purlin 小式脊樽ridged purlin 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)金桁 intermediate purlin 大式金楝 intermediate purlin 小式上中平樽intermediate purlin 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)老檐桁purlin on hypostyle 大、小式）宋代

7、術(shù)語(yǔ)正心桁 eave purlin 大式檐楝eave purlin小式下平樽eave purlin宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)額榜 architrave(used with dougong) 大式 檐榜 architrave(used with dougong) 小式闌額architrave宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)由額墊板cushion board大式檐墊板cushion board小式榜 tiebeam脊榜 ridge tiebeam上金榜 upper purlin tiebeam下金榜 lower purlin tiebeam老檐榜 eave tiebeam 大式)指檐口構(gòu)造檐榜 eave tiebeam 小式)指檐口構(gòu)造頂

8、椽 top rafter腦椽 upper rafter*花架椽 intermediate rafter檐椽 eave rafter飛檐椽 flying rafter飛子flying rafter宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)連檐 eave edging瓦口 tile edging頷版tile edging宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)舉架 raising the purlin舉析 raising the purlin 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)步架 horizontal spacing between purlins材cai柒qi分fen斗口 doukou)mortise of cap block斗拱 dougong)bracket set斗 dou)b

9、racket set升 block with cross mortise大斗 cap block植斗cap block宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)拱 gong)bracketarm翹 flower arm)petal華拱flower arm 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)昂 ang, lever槽升子 center block齊心斗center block宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)三才升 small block一八斗 connection block交互斗 connection block 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)正心拱 axial bracket arm泥道拱axial bracket arm宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)瓜拱 oval arm瓜子拱oval arm宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)萬(wàn)拱 long

10、 arm慢拱l(fā)ong arm宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)廂拱 regular arm 令拱 regular arm 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)單材拱 outer-side bracket arm撐頭 small tie-beam 榜 small tie-beam 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ) 耍頭nose攢 set of bracket柱頭科 bracket set on columns柱頭鋪?zhàn)?bracket set on columns宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)平身科 bracket sets between columns補(bǔ)間鋪?zhàn)?bracket sets between columns 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)角科 bracket set on corner轉(zhuǎn)角鋪?zhàn)?brac

11、ket set on corner 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)出 extension of bracket出跳extension of bracket宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)跑cai跳tiao宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)雀替 sparrow brace搏縫板 gable eave board搏縫版gable eave board宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)木裝修 joiners work夕卜檐裝修 exterior finish work內(nèi)檐裝修 interior finish work框檻 door frame檻 stud抱框 jamb on door or window，各柵 partition door抹頭 window stool根子grill裙板panel

12、檻窗 sill wall window榻板 window sill支摘窗 removable window門(mén)枕 door bearing門(mén)簪 decorative cylinder門(mén)跋 door knocker門(mén)車(chē) decorative nails on door leaf門(mén)枕石 bearing stone抱鼓石 drum-shaped bearing stone天花 ceiling帽兒梁 lattice framing支條 lattice framing井 口天花 compartment ceiling海境天花flat ceiling藻井 caisson ceiling罩 shelf龕 ni

13、che博古架 antique shelf瓦石作masonry檐墻 eave wall廊墻 partition wall扇面墻 horizontal partition wall隔斷墻 vertical partition wall檻墻 sill wall樨頭 gable wall head挑檐石 cantilever stone on eave五花山墻 stepped gable wall拔臻 corbel) hanging over疊澀 corbel) hanging over 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)角柱石 corner pier階條石 rectangular stone slab壓闌石 rectangu

14、lar stone slab 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)臺(tái)階steps踏道steps宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)踏垛step踏step宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)斗板石 intermediate pier垂帶 drooping belt stone副子drooping belt stone宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)象眼 triangular space御路 yulu)imperial path羌差ramp須彌座xumizuo圭角 guijiao上榜 upper fillet and fascia下榜 lower fillet and fascia上裊 upper cyma)recta下裊 lower cyma ) reversa束腰suyao鉤欄balustrade宋

15、代術(shù)語(yǔ)單鉤欄 single frieze balustrade 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)垂臺(tái)鉤欄 double frieze balustrade望柱 baluster望柱頭 baluster capital欄版 frieze panel華版 frieze panel地伏 plinth stone尋杖handrail宋代術(shù)語(yǔ)柱頂石 capital stone柱礎(chǔ) column base蹶zhi碑碣 stone tablet*員bixi)stone turtle宋及宋前術(shù)語(yǔ)趺fu) stone turtle清代術(shù)語(yǔ)石像生 stone animal石人 stone human statue筒瓦 round til

16、e板瓦 flat tile青瓦 black tile 脊瓦 ridge tile琉璃瓦 glazed roof tile勾頭 eave tile滴水 drip tile瓦當(dāng) tile end) eave tile with pattern正吻 zhengwen鵬尾chiwei宋及宋前術(shù)語(yǔ)正脊 main ridge垂 脊 diagonal ridge for hip roof vertical ridge for gable roof俄脊 diagonal ridge for gable and hip roof博脊 horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof仙人 celestial being 走獸 animal磚雕 brick carving彩畫(huà) colored pattern)colored drawing蘇式彩畫(huà) Suzhou