大學(xué)英語精讀英語知識點總結(jié)

1、Unit 1 The Dinner Party1. shortly before WW1一戰(zhàn)前不久2. track down 追溯，追查3. be seated就座4. spring up突然出現(xiàn)，開始不再像5. outgrow the jumping-on-a-chair-at the sight of a mouse era 過去那樣見到老鼠就跳到椅子上6. That last ounce of self-control is what really counts.這多出來的一點自制力才是真正起作用的。7. motion to sb 向某人示意signal to sb8. whisper

2、sth to sb 向某人嘀咕，耳語9. the America comes to with a start.這個美國博物學(xué)家突然醒悟了.Startlestartled蛇的誘餌 一個空房子沒鋪地毯的大理石地板10. bait for a snake11. an empty room a bare marble floor barely any hair=hardly/scarcely any hair12. serve the next course 上下一道菜a course of dish 一道菜13. frighten sb into doing sth嚇得某人去做persuade sb

3、 into doing sthtalk sb into doing sththreaten sb into doing sth14. out of the corner of his eyes從他的眼角里15. Stare straight ahead 盯著往前看16. Not move a muscle 紋絲不動17. Make for 前往 out19. Slam the door shut20. Exclaim21. at the sight of一看見at the thought of 一想起22. a heated/spirited discussion 一場激烈的爭論23. an

4、example of perfect self-control一個鎮(zhèn)定自若的典范24. A faint smile lights up the hostess s face.Two spots of color brightened her face.A strange expression came over her face.25. a colonial official 一個殖民地官員26. give a large dinner party 辦一個盛大的晚宴27. a visiting American naturalist美國訪問博物學(xué)家28. a spacious dining r

5、oom 寬敞的餐廳29. the major 少校 the colonel30. feel like doing sth 想要 /喜歡做某事31. commotion 混亂，騷動32. The tone of his voice is so commanding that it silences everyone.他的語調(diào)很威嚴(yán)，讓每個人都靜下來不出聲.33. count three hundred 數(shù)三百下count up to three hundred 數(shù)到第三百下34. sit like stone images 像石雕一樣坐著Sit rootedUnit 2 Lessons from

6、 Jeffersonbe of interest/important 很有趣 / 很重要obtain knowledge from many sources從許多源頭獲取知識personal investigation 個人調(diào)查appoint him to a committee 派他去一個委員會study papers on the subject 研究該課題的文件make on-the-spot observations 做現(xiàn)場觀察By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class.無論是論出身還

7、是論教育，杰弗遜都屬于最高的社會階層.noble persons 貴族persons of noble origins 出身高貴的人persons of humble origins 出身卑微的人go out of one s way to do sth 特意 /專門去做某事a cooking pot 做飯的鍋If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied.如果也只有你愿意這樣做，你才可能發(fā)現(xiàn)為什么人民不滿意.Heaven has given you a mind for judging truth

8、and error. Use it.上帝賦予你一個判斷正確和錯誤的頭腦，就運用它吧.form a correct judgment 形成正確的判斷not hesitate a moment to do sth毫不猶豫地去做某事the former and the latter 前者和后者In a free country, there will always be conflicting ideas, and this is a source of strength.在一個自由的國度，總會有沖突的意見，而這正是力量的源泉.It is conflict and not unquestioning

9、 agreement that keeps freedom alive.讓自由保持活力的是沖突而不是絕對的一致.There are two sides to every question. If you take one side with effect, those who take the other side will of course resent your actions.每個問題都有兩面. 如果你有力地站在一方，那么另一方的人必定會憎恨你的行動 .be chained to customs 受習(xí)俗的禁錮lose its usefulness 失去它的效用No society ca

10、n make a perpetual constitution, or even a perpetual law.任何一個社會都不能制定出永久的憲法或永久的法律.He didn t fear new ideas, nor did he fear the future.他不懼怕新觀點，也不懼怕未來.I steer my ship with hope, leaving fear behind.我滿懷希望駕駛著帆船，把恐懼拋在身后.be based on knowledge以知識為基石men of his age=peer同齡人practice crop rotation and soil cons

11、ervation施行作物輪作和土壤保持standard practice 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的做法be superior to any other in existence比現(xiàn)存的任何做法都優(yōu)越be inferior to 不如Of all Jefferson s many talents, one is central.在杰弗遜的諸多才能中，其中一個是重要的.He was above all a good and tireless writer.首先，他是個優(yōu)秀的不知疲倦的作家.Agelessparentlesstimeless31. complete works 全集32. when the time

12、came to do sth當(dāng)該做的時候33. the task of writing it was his.撰寫的任務(wù)都落在他的肩頭了.34. We hold those truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.我們堅信這些不言而喻的事實：人人生而平等.Every is born equal.35. He left his countrymen a rich legacy of ideas and examples.他給他的同胞留下一筆豐富的思想遺產(chǎn)和范例.36. owe a great debt to 歸功于. =

13、Be indebted to37. Only a nation of educated people could remain free.只有一個由受教育的人民組成的國度才能保持自由.Unit 3 My First Jobapply for a teaching job 申請一份教學(xué)工作go from bad to worse 每況愈下 enter university 進入大學(xué)in a suburb of London 在倫敦的郊區(qū)be very short of money 手頭很緊Without a degree and with no experience in teaching, m

14、y chances of getting this job were slim. 一無學(xué)歷，二無教學(xué)經(jīng)歷，我得到可能性是微 乎其微 .Chances of doing are/were 做某事的機會是It proved an awkward journey. 這一路原來真是麻煩。a ten-minute bus ride 十分鐘的車程a walk of at least a quarter of mile步行至少四分之一英里9. as a result結(jié)果. with the result that Result in . .Result fromtoo depressed to feel n

15、ervous 太沮喪了就感覺不到緊張了four evergreen shrubs stood at each corner 四個角上各有一個冬青灌木struggle to survive the dust and fumes from a busy main road經(jīng)受著從繁忙的大街上吹來的煙塵，掙扎著努力活下來a sandy-colored moustache 一個沙色的小胡子a wrinkled forehead 布滿皺紋的前額with an air of surprised disapproval一種吃驚的，不以為然的神態(tài)sth smell of .聞起來有味道The room sme

16、lls of unpleasantly stale cabbiage.房間發(fā)出一股爛白菜的味道，聞上去很不舒服。ink marks 墨水漬judging by .依據(jù).判斷proceed to do sth 繼而去做接下來去。fix me with his bloodshot eyes 用他那充滿紅血絲的研究那個盯著我a vital part of 是極為重要的組成部分mumble sth to sb 向某人咕噥什么grunt/murmur/whisper sth to sbhave little in common 沒有什么共同語言I had said the wrong thing. 我說

17、錯了話teach them in turn at three different levels按照三個不同的程度輪流給他們上課be dismayed at the thought of 一想至2 .就彳艮沮喪be incompetent at algebra and geometry對數(shù)學(xué)和幾何一竅不通worse perhaps was .更糟糕的是.worse still, enjoy leisure 享受閑暇之樂get /rise to his feet 起身the last straw 終使人不堪一擊的是The prospect of working under a womanconsi

18、sted the ultimate indignity. 在一個女人手下工作的前景構(gòu)成了最大的侮辱。Unit 4 The Professor and the Yo-yoa simple, modest and ordinary man一個淳樸，謙虛的普通人a shy young visitor to his home 小時候有一次去他家拜訪的時候很害羞feel at ease 感到無拘無束roll back up the string 順著線轉(zhuǎn)上去when my turn came 當(dāng)輪到我的時候display a few tricks 露了幾手throw - -.off balance使失去

19、平衡sb be impressed by . 對 有印象（被動）sth impress sb by 給某人留下印象（主動）come to terms with . 與.一致，妥協(xié)within his limits as a human being在他作為一個人類的能力范圍內(nèi)beyond his intellectual reach 超乎他的智力范圍be content to do sth 滿足于做某事jealousy, vanity, bitterness, anger, resentment, happinessbe immune to.不受 的影響/干擾beyond any pretens

20、ion 絲毫不矯揉造作correspond with sb 與某人通信corresponding=matching 相應(yīng)的mean nothing to 對 .而言毫無意義believe in simplicity 信奉簡樸do the job 就可以了，就行了 so much so thatpresent sb with sth贈予某人某物beam with pleasure 高興得滿臉含笑revert to using plain water 又回復(fù)到用清水了Einstein was purely and exclusively a theorist.愛因斯坦完完全全是個理論家。begin

21、 a long explanation 開始長篇解釋pursue various theories 試著用各種理論 his quick expression of disapproval他迅速現(xiàn)出的不贊成的表情work out the solution 研究出解決的辦法He had developed the theories that were profound and capable of exciting relatively few scientists. 他所提出的理論都是非常深奧，只能使比較少的科學(xué)家感興趣的理論a household name/word 一個家喻戶曉的名字acro

22、ss the civilized world 在整個聞名世界be bewildered by .對.迷惑不解stare at 瞪著receive such attention 備受關(guān)注be singled out as sth special 被挑選出來當(dāng)做特殊人物對待as far as be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事take apart 拆開Unit 5 The Villain in the Atmospherebe essential to life 對生命而言至關(guān)重要to a dangerous degree/extent 到一種很危險的程度do sb ha

23、rm 對某人有害serve as the basic food supply for充當(dāng).的最基本的食物供給o 把轉(zhuǎn)化成.this apparently harmless and certainly essential gas這一看上去無害而無疑必不可少的氣體rise slowly from year to year 年復(fù)一年的緩慢地上升in all likelihood 極有可能大氣中二氧化碳大將熱量以紅s populationa large fraction of the world世界上的大部分是人口advance steadily 穩(wěn)步前進retreat inla

24、nd 向內(nèi)陸退居under the pressure 在壓力下under the leadership of在 .的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下The various gases in the atmosphere are transparent to sunlight. 氣中各種各樣的氣體對太陽光來說是透明的。strike the top of the atmosphere 直射大氣層的頂部radiate heat into space in the form of infrared radiation 外線的形式放射到太空。visible light可見光invisible man 隱形人 in particu

25、lar 尤其是，特別是tend to do sth往往會，常常會做.We are thankful that .我們很感激.go up steadily 穩(wěn)步上升rise slowly 緩慢上升rise steadily 穩(wěn)步上升creep upward 悄然攀升make up；.account for .占.比例It ' s estimated that .據(jù)估計the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 的濃度as a result, .with the result that at a rapidly increas

26、ing rate 以快速上升的速度at a rate of many tons per day以每天數(shù)噸的速度at an equal rate 以同樣的速度in the process 在此過程中in the course of . 在.的期間a new perspective on this matter 對此事的新觀點by itself 自行cut down the forests=fell the forests砍伐森林new sources of fuel新燃料源nuclear power 核能alternative sources of energy 替代能源solar energy

27、 太陽能interior heat 內(nèi)部的熱量support competing military machines支持對抗性的軍事器械melt away 融化visible distinct obvious evident apparent clearto make the matter wore,更糟糕的是，.worse still,更糟糕的是，.Unit 6 The Making of a Surgeonthe making of a surgeon 一位外科醫(yī)生的成功之道the point in time=the moment時刻，那一刻the point in ti me when

28、he finally become a “ surgeon” 當(dāng)他終于成為 一名外科醫(yī)生的那一刻。draw to a closecome to an end 結(jié)束on more than one occasion 不止一次at one time or another 說不定何時not infrequently 經(jīng)常more than once 不止一次have trouble (in) getting back to sleep很難再重新入睡the operating room 手術(shù)室the emergency room 急診室the peace of mind 內(nèi)心的平靜the state

29、of mind 心境There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently.任何外科病人我都能勝任地進行治療。Be competent at/in能勝任地做某事treattreatment治療，待遇near that point 接近那個時刻encounter emergency situations遇到緊急情況dread the ringing of the telephone害怕電話鈴響起dread errors 害怕犯錯To err, is human; to forgive, divine.犯錯是人性，寬恕是神性make a co

30、nsidered decision 做出一個深思熟慮的決定make a poor/sound/critical decision不妥當(dāng)?shù)?/ 穩(wěn)妥的 /至關(guān)重要的15. conceit-conceited adj 自負(fù)的Smug 自鳴得意的adjin trying moments在很難受的時候be bothered by doubts and uncertainties受到重重疑慮的煎熬the practice of medicine 行醫(yī)實踐practice medicine 行醫(yī)be out in practice 外出行醫(yī)dwell in=reside in=live indwell o

31、n 老想著，仔細(xì)闡述live with=tolerate容忍，忍受be bound to .一定.be equally confident同樣地自信handle any emergency situation應(yīng)付任何緊急情況There are no more butterflies in my stomach.我再也不忐忑不安了。open up a chest or abdomen 剖開胸膛或者腹部 anticipate the problem in advance 提前預(yù)測到問題所在 punctured lungs 肺部穿孔 compound fracture 復(fù)合型骨折 inevitabl

32、eunavoidable 不可避免的take full/sole responsibility for 為.承擔(dān)全部責(zé)任accept the fact with calmness 平靜地接受事實perform an operation on sb為做手術(shù)operate on sbchances are that=It ' s likely thatsit on .拖延，延遲delay doing sthsweat over .膽戰(zhàn)心驚地做.with my knowledge, skill and experience憑我的知識，技能和經(jīng)驗Unit 7 Not on My Blockst

33、and up torise to 奮起應(yīng)付the young men dealing drugs=drug dealers/pusherstake drugs 吸毒deal drugs 販毒smuggle drugs 走私毒品smuggled goods 水貨The prodigal son has returned. 浪子回頭。like sth right off一下子就喜歡.an extra bedroomextra=additionalperfect spot 理想的地方summon up one s courage to do sth 鼓起勇氣pluck up one s courag

34、e to do stha gang of 一幫.a bunch ofa group of aset of9. arrive home from work 下班回家10. reluctantlyunwillingly不情愿地11. start at her with cold, hard eyes用冷酷無情的眼睛盯著她12. reseat themselves 他們又坐下來了13. a vacant house= a vacant property一座空房子a vacant lot 一塊空地14. in coming weeks 在未來的幾周15. a steady stream of cars

35、 and foot traffic川流不息的車輛和行人foot traffic=pedestrian16. conduct business 交易，做生意17. shoot up 注射毒品18. urinate in the backyard 在后院撒尿 Urinate=answer the nature s call19. have no illusions about 對不再抱幻想20. occupy a seat 占座位OccupyoccupiedoccupationOccupiedvacant21. in the neighborhood of 在鄰近 /周邊地區(qū)閑逛，出22. The

36、 drug wars were raging. 毒品戰(zhàn)在激烈進行23. hang out沒24. call the police 報警25. beg sb to do sth 祈求某人做某事beg the police to disperse the dealers 祈求警察把毒販子軀干走26. drift back 陸續(xù)回來了27. a 50-something mother of grown children 一個五十來歲母親，孩子已長大成人28. imagine doing sth 想象著做某事29. fight the battle 參戰(zhàn)，打仗.30. rise to an unexp

37、ected challenge 應(yīng)對這突如其來的挑戰(zhàn)31. be addicted to (doing) sth 做上癮.32. foster care 領(lǐng)養(yǎng)33. get custody of .得到的監(jiān)護權(quán)34. pray to sb for.為向某人祈求35. gonna=going to36. One s insides are turning over.某人的五臟六腑在翻滾.There are butterflies in one s stomach.keep her face a mask stay off her property 遠(yuǎn)離她的財產(chǎn) sb s heartbeat ri

38、ses to sb s throat.心一下子提到喉嚨眼里repeat her request 重復(fù)她的請求clear snow from her walk 清掃她門前的積雪check in on sb看望/ 拜訪 .take to doing sth 開始習(xí)慣 /喜歡做某事warn sb of sth 警告某人某事warn them of the danger of fast money警告他們不義之財有危害Do something positive. 干些這個正經(jīng)事兒take a stand 表明態(tài)度wage her own battle against a different set o

39、f drug pushers只身開展斗爭反對另一幫毒販子in a tragedy that became national news在一場成為全國新聞的悲劇里set on fire=set fire to 放火.charge sb with doing sth 控告某人做某事accuse sb of doing sththe deadly fire這場致命的大火a driving force驅(qū)動力，推動力extendextendedextensionestablish an extended-day program建立一個放學(xué)后校內(nèi)項目an extended family 大家庭a core

40、family 小家庭53. prompt sb to do sth 促使某人做某事incite sb to do sth54. step up efforts to do sth 加快步伐去做某事55. redevelop the deserted/abandoned houses重建廢棄的房子56. explodeexclaim 大聲說57. get through to sb 讓某人明白/理解58. be modest about 對很謙虛59. exert an impact on . 對.產(chǎn)生影響Impactinfluence60. I have a sore throat. 我嗓子疼

41、.Unit 8 Honesty: Is It Going Out of Style1. according to a recent poll根據(jù)最近的一項民意測試2. cheat on exams cheat on income taxes考試作弊3. It can be argued that .可能有人會爭論說It is estimated that . 據(jù)估計.4. responserespond to5. be faced with the temptation to do sth面臨做.的誘惑meet with=be faced with6. peek at a neighbor s test paper 偷看鄰座的考卷7. be hard on .對.嚴(yán)厲/嚴(yán)格8. on the rise 在上身 / 增長a rise in the use of exams(rise=increase)9. pass competency tests 通過能力測試10. more and more= a growing number of 越來越多11. lead to=cause=result in導(dǎo)致A rise in the use of exams m