高中狀語從句講解(課堂PPT)

1、1Adverbial Clause2N.Adj.Adv.3 狀語時用來修飾狀語時用來修飾 詞詞, 詞詞, 詞詞或或 的一種句子成分的一種句子成分.它可以表示時間、地點、它可以表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、條件、讓步、比較、方式等。原因、目的、結果、條件、讓步、比較、方式等。其中其中,副詞副詞,介詞介詞,介詞短語介詞短語,分詞分詞(短語短語),名詞名詞,不定式不定式,句子句子都可充當狀語。都可充當狀語。 當充當狀語的部分是一個當充當狀語的部分是一個句子句子時，也就是狀語時，也就是狀語從句。從句。分類如下：分類如下：動動形容形容副副句子句子4狀語從句狀語從句1. 時間時間狀語從句狀語從句2.

2、地點地點狀語從句狀語從句3. 原因原因狀語從句狀語從句4. 條件條件狀語從句狀語從句5. 讓步讓步狀語從句狀語從句6. 目的目的狀語從句狀語從句7. 結果結果狀語從句狀語從句8. 方式方式狀語從句狀語從句9. 比較比較狀語從句狀語從句5一一 狀語從句高考的考查特點狀語從句高考的考查特點1. 1. 試題的設問呈現(xiàn)出交叉和綜合的特點試題的設問呈現(xiàn)出交叉和綜合的特點( (不同性質的連詞不同性質的連詞; ; 定語從句和名詞性從句的干擾定語從句和名詞性從句的干擾) )2. 2. 題干句的題干句的情景化增強情景化增強, ,句意理解難度提高句意理解難度提高Go back where you lived._G

3、o back to the village where you lived._where前有定語從句的先行詞前有定語從句的先行詞狀語從句狀語從句定語從句定語從句6二二 能力要求：能力要求：1. 1.了解狀語從句的分類情況及各種狀語了解狀語從句的分類情況及各種狀語 從句中從句中經(jīng)常使用的連詞經(jīng)常使用的連詞2. 2.能夠在真實的語境中判定從句與主句能夠在真實的語境中判定從句與主句 的的邏輯關系邏輯關系, ,從而能夠使用恰當?shù)倪B從而能夠使用恰當?shù)倪B 詞完成交際詞完成交際. . 3.3.能夠辨別同類狀語從句中能夠辨別同類狀語從句中近似連詞的近似連詞的 用法區(qū)別用法區(qū)別. .7常見考點：常見考點： 考點

4、一考點一、主句與從句的、主句與從句的時態(tài)呼應時態(tài)呼應問題；問題； 考點二考點二、連接詞的選擇連接詞的選擇（注意區(qū)別幾組連接詞：（注意區(qū)別幾組連接詞：while / as / when引導時間狀語從句；引導時間狀語從句；because / since / as / for引導原因狀語從句；引導原因狀語從句；if / unless引導條件狀語從句；引導條件狀語從句；sothat / suchthat引導結果狀語從句等）；引導結果狀語從句等）； 考點三考點三、狀語、狀語從句從句與與非謂語非謂語動詞之間的動詞之間的替換替換； 考點四考點四、狀語從句的、狀語從句的倒裝結構倒裝結構（hardly / sc

5、arcelywhen；no soonerthan等）等） 8時間狀語從句時間狀語從句引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞1.基本類：基本類：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc.2. 名詞類（由名詞詞組充當引導詞）：名詞類（由名詞詞組充當引導詞）：the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,etc. (一一就就); every time, each time, the last time, the first time, etc.93

6、. 副詞類（由副詞充當引導詞）：副詞類（由副詞充當引導詞）：immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一一.就就.)4.句型類：句型類：no soonerthan, hardly/scarcely when, etc. (一一就就)e.g. I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work.e.g .Scarcely had he gone when she appeared.用于句首時應引起用于句首時應引起部分倒裝部分倒裝, 且前部分一般用且前部分一般用過去完成時過去完成時10 as引導的時間狀

7、語從句引導的時間狀語從句, 可以表達可以表達“正當正當”， “一一 邊邊一邊一邊”，“隨著隨著”等意思。等意思。1. 表示某事一發(fā)生，另一事表示某事一發(fā)生，另一事立即立即發(fā)生。發(fā)生。 As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. 2. 表示在某事發(fā)生的表示在某事發(fā)生的過程中過程中，另一事發(fā)生。，另一事發(fā)生。 Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion. 3. 表示兩個動作表示兩個動作同時同時發(fā)生。發(fā)生。(一邊一邊一邊一邊) Helen sang a song as she washed. 4. 表示表示“隨

8、著隨著.”.常指一個行為是另一個行為的常指一個行為是另一個行為的結果結果，或一種狀態(tài)隨另一種狀態(tài)變化。句中的動詞多表示或一種狀態(tài)隨另一種狀態(tài)變化。句中的動詞多表示狀態(tài)狀態(tài)的的發(fā)展變化發(fā)展變化。As she grew older, she became more beautiful. 1. as, while , when的區(qū)別的區(qū)別11while:持續(xù)性動詞持續(xù)性動詞 進行時進行時一般或現(xiàn)在情況一般或現(xiàn)在情況將來情況將來情況V一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在進行時一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在進行時過去情況過去情況e.g. I like listening to music while I am doing my home

9、work.e.g. Im going to the post office. - While you are there, can you get some stamps for me?e.g. I hurt my shoulder while I was doing gym.while常表示一段常表示一段較長的時間較長的時間或一或一個過程，強調主句的動詞和從句的動個過程，強調主句的動詞和從句的動詞所表示的動作或狀態(tài)是詞所表示的動作或狀態(tài)是同時同時發(fā)生的，發(fā)生的，它引導的從句用它引導的從句用延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞，若從句，若從句中是非延續(xù)性動詞，則不用中是非延續(xù)性動詞，則不用while. 側側重

10、于主從兩個動作或狀態(tài)的對比重于主從兩個動作或狀態(tài)的對比。p20712While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend. ( while=_)While I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. ( while =_ )While there is life there is hope. (while = _ )He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. （while=_）whenalthough

11、as long asWhile 在句中的不同含義在句中的不同含義:however13 while用法的歸納用法的歸納.作作并列并列連詞連詞,意為意為“然而然而,卻卻”,表對比表對比(=however)He likes football while his brother likes basketball.2. 引導時狀從句引導時狀從句(=when) While he was doing his homework, his mother came in.引讓狀從句引讓狀從句,表表“雖然雖然,盡管盡管”,置于句首置于句首(=although)While I admit his good point

12、s, I can see his shortcomings.引導條狀從句引導條狀從句,表表“只要只要”(=as long as)Ill do everything for you while you are happy.14when: 持續(xù)性非持續(xù)性動詞都可持續(xù)性非持續(xù)性動詞都可當當時時就在那時，正在這時就在那時，正在這時=and at this /that timee.g. When I first saw her, I fell in love with her. -When did you get home? -It was eight oclock when I got home. T

13、hey were walking down the street when they saw an accident. (A=B)2) I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me. (AB)3）I had just finished my work when he came back. (AB)15盡管雖然鑒于如果屆時盡管雖然鑒于如果屆時1.He walks when he might take a taxi.2. The Queen will visit the town in May, when she will open th

14、e new hospital.3. How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?4.How could I live in Los Angeles when all my favorite people live here?雖然雖然屆時屆時如果如果鑒于鑒于, 既然既然 when 還有一些較為靈活的翻譯還有一些較為靈活的翻譯:161 When he _ (come) back, please tell him to meet me at my es2 I will tell him when she _back.3 I would

15、 tell him when she _escame4 -When _ you come to see me,Dad?-I will go to see you when you _ the training coursing.A.do; will have finished B.will; will finish C.do; are finishing D. will; finish時間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時時間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時,用用一般過去時代替過去將來時一般過去時代替過去將來時17He fell asleep _ he was reading.I kep

16、t silent _ he was writing.She sang _ she went along.It was raining hard _ we arrived.I thought of it just _you opened your mouth.Things are getting better and better _ time goes on.Its cold _ it snows.I will go home _ he comes back.We were about to start _ it began to rain.He likes coffee, _ she lik

17、es tea._ a boy, he lived in Japan._ reading, he fell asleep._ in trouble, ask her for help.when/while/aswhileaswhen/aswhen/asaswhenwhenwhenwhileAs/WhenWhen/WhileWhen/While主句表示的是一個短暫性動作，主句表示的是一個短暫性動作，從句表示的是一個持續(xù)性動作從句表示的是一個持續(xù)性動作主、從句表示兩個同時進行的持續(xù)性動作，且強調主、從句表示兩個同時進行的持續(xù)性動作，且強調主句表示的動作延續(xù)到從句所指的整個時間主句表示的動作延續(xù)到從句

18、所指的整個時間同時進行同時進行, “一邊一邊一邊一邊”主句主句-持續(xù)性動作持續(xù)性動作, 從句從句-短暫性動作短暫性動作主從句主從句-幾乎同時發(fā)生的短暫性動作幾乎同時發(fā)生的短暫性動作正在發(fā)展變化的情況正在發(fā)展變化的情況, “隨著隨著”“每當每當?shù)臅r候的時候”(暗示一種規(guī)律性暗示一種規(guī)律性)有先后順序有先后順序表示表示“這時這時(突然突然)”“而而”、“卻卻”(表示對比表示對比)as / when +名詞，構成省略句名詞，構成省略句,while無此用法無此用法 when / while +現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞/介詞短語介詞短語/形形容詞等構成省略句，但容詞等構成省略句，但 as 一般不這樣用一般不這樣

19、用18before引導的時間狀語從句引導的時間狀語從句 before引導的時間狀語從句，常譯為引導的時間狀語從句，常譯為“在在之前之前”，表示表示主句主句的動作發(fā)生在的動作發(fā)生在從句從句的動作的動作之前之前。 1. We clean the classroom before we leave school every day. 2. It will not be long before you regret for what youve done.不久你就會為你的所作所為后悔的。不久你就會為你的所作所為后悔的。 after引導的時間狀語從句引導的時間狀語從句 after引導的時間狀語從句，常譯

20、為引導的時間狀語從句，常譯為“在在之后之后”，表示表示主句主句的動作發(fā)生在的動作發(fā)生在從句從句的動作的動作之后之后。 After you use plastic bags, you mustnt throw them about.用過了塑料袋之后，不準到處亂扔。用過了塑料袋之后，不準到處亂扔。 19連接詞連接詞before的小結：的小結：1. We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.3 Please write it down be

21、fore you forget it.4Before I could get in a word, he walked away. “才才” ” “不到不到.就就” ” “趁趁” “還沒來得及還沒來得及” 從句中常含有情態(tài)動詞can/could1）句型）句型It will be/was段時間段時間before“還要過還要過/過了過了 多久才多久才” 如：如：It will be two years before he leaves the country. It was two years before he left the country 2）句型）句型It will not be/was

22、 not一段時間一段時間before“不不多久就多久就”如：如： It wasnt two years before he left the country. 20since引導的時間狀語從句引導的時間狀語從句 since引導的引導的時間時間狀語從句，常譯為狀語從句，常譯為“自從自從”，主句主句常用常用現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成時，時，從句從句常用常用一般過去一般過去時。時。 例句翻譯：我們自從分手以后一直沒見過面。例句翻譯：我們自從分手以后一直沒見過面。We havent seen each other since we parted/broke up.常用句型：常用句型：It has been (i

23、s) + 時間段時間段 + since從句從句 “自從自從有多長時間了有多長時間了 ”例句翻譯：自從她大學畢業(yè)已經(jīng)有六年時間了。例句翻譯：自從她大學畢業(yè)已經(jīng)有六年時間了。It has been (is) six years since she graduated from the university. 21since的用法：的用法：since表從表從過去過去某一時間或動作、事情某一時間或動作、事情起起到到目前目前為為止止，“自自.以以 來來”引導狀語從句時，主句用引導狀語從句時，主句用現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成時或時或現(xiàn)在完現(xiàn)在完成進行成進行時，從句中用一般過去時。時，從句中用一般過去時。Ive be

24、en living here since I came to Beijing.I have written home four times since I came here. 常用句型：常用句型： it is (has been).+ since +一般過去時一般過去時It is/has been five years since I began to learn English.22since句型中如果從句謂語是句型中如果從句謂語是延續(xù)性延續(xù)性的的動作或狀態(tài)，則它所表示的動作或狀態(tài)，則它所表示的時間從該動時間從該動作或狀態(tài)作或狀態(tài)結束時結束時算起?。ǚ穸êx）如：算起?。ǚ穸êx）如：It

25、 is 3 years sinceI began to smokeI smoked(gave up smoking 自從我戒煙以來自從我戒煙以來).(自從我開始抽煙以來自從我開始抽煙以來).23It is 5 years sinceI have never seen himsincehe joined the army.he was a soldier.he fell ill.he was ill.生病以來生病以來.病愈以來病愈以來. 翻譯：翻譯：It has been 5 years since he lived here退伍以來退伍以來.他離開這已經(jīng)有五年時間了。他離開這已經(jīng)有五年時間了。

26、24until/ till引導的時間狀語從句引導的時間狀語從句 until / till 引導的引導的時間狀語時間狀語從句，常譯為從句，常譯為“直到直到時時”，表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句之前之前。 當主句謂語動詞是當主句謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞時，主句常用時，主句常用肯定肯定形式。形式。例句：我會待在這里，直到你回來。例句：我會待在這里，直到你回來。Ill stay here until you come back. 當主句謂語動詞是當主句謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞非延續(xù)性動詞時時, 主句常用主句常用否定否定形式。形式。 not until“直到直到才才”，這時，這時unt

27、il 可用可用before替換。替換。He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework. 例句：他直到做完作業(yè)才睡覺。例句：他直到做完作業(yè)才睡覺。25not.until的倒裝句和強調句。的倒裝句和強調句。He didnt stop until he had finished all his work .倒裝句倒裝句: Not until he had finished all his work did he stop.強調句強調句: It was not until he had finished all his work that he st

28、opped.強調句句式為：強調句句式為：It was/is not until that26as soon as引導的時間狀語從句引導的時間狀語從句 as soon as 引導的時間狀語從句，譯為引導的時間狀語從句，譯為“一一就就”，表示從句動作表示從句動作一發(fā)生一發(fā)生，主句的動作，主句的動作馬上就發(fā)生馬上就發(fā)生。 例句：他一回來我就告訴他這件事。例句：他一回來我就告訴他這件事。I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back. 相當于相當于as soon as 用法的詞或短語還有：用法的詞或短語還有：immediately, directly

29、, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant等等.Ill give him your message the minute he arrives. Directly I had done it, I knew I had made a mistake. 27名詞短語名詞短語引導的時間狀語從句引導的時間狀語從句 the moment, the minute, the instant, the time, the hour, the day, by the time, each time, every time, next time, any t

30、ime等等也可以引導時間狀語從句。也可以引導時間狀語從句。I thought her nice and honest the first time I saw her. By the time you arrived, the lecture had already ended. By the time he comes, we will already have left.28By the time的用法這個詞組常用來指到某一時間點為止，主句常用完成時態(tài)。By the time he was 12, _ to more than 30 countries to get his disease

31、s cured.到到12歲時，他已去過歲時，他已去過30多個國家治療疾病。多個國家治療疾病。By the time I graduate next year, I _ here for 5 years.到明年畢業(yè)時，我將在這里待了到明年畢業(yè)時，我將在這里待了5年了。年了。By the time he went abroad, _. = when出國那年，他出國那年，他14歲。歲。he had traveled I will have lived he was fourteen.29 1. When every time I was in trouble, he would come to he

32、lp me. 2. At next time you come, do remember bring your son here. 3. For the first time I met the girl. I felt in love with her. 4. You are welcome to come back at any time you want to. 5. At the last time she saw James, he was lying in bed. 語法規(guī)則：語法規(guī)則：every time,each time,next time,the first time,an

33、y time 等名詞短語引導狀語從句不加介詞。等名詞短語引導狀語從句不加介詞?？键c考點:名詞短語引導時間狀語從句名詞短語引導時間狀語從句30其他連詞其他連詞引導的時間狀語從句引導的時間狀語從句 no sooner than, hardly/ scarcely/ barelywhen引導引導時間狀語從句時間狀語從句,從句從句用一般用一般過去過去時，時，主句主句用用過去完成過去完成時。時。當當no sooner, hardly/ scarcely/ barely位于句首時，主句要位于句首時，主句要用用部分倒裝部分倒裝。（情態(tài)動詞。（情態(tài)動詞/be動詞動詞/助動詞提至主語前）助動詞提至主語前）I h

34、ad no sooner begun to talk than he rang off. No sooner had I begun to talk than he rang off. 我還未來得及講話，他就掛斷了電話。我還未來得及講話，他就掛斷了電話。311. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone. A. while B. after C. in case D. the minute2. How long do you think it will take _ our pr

35、oduct becomes popular with the consumers A. when B. until C. before D. since3. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. since C. As D. While4. He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while32地點狀語從句用連接副詞地點狀語從句用連接副詞 where或或wherever (在任

36、何地方在任何地方) 引導（可理解為特指與泛指）引導（可理解為特指與泛指）e.g. a. Just stay where you are. b. Where there is a will, there is a way. c. You can sit wherever you like. d. Wherever you go, Ill be right here waiting for you. When he reads a book, his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear to him. A. there B. where

37、ver C. the place D. in which33 There are plenty of trees_. 我住的地方樹很多。我住的地方樹很多。_I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都會想到你。不管我在哪里我都會想到你。_, I will be right here waiting for you!不管你去哪里，不管你做什么，我都會在這不管你去哪里，不管你做什么，我都會在這等著你！等著你！ where I liveWherever I amWherever you go, whatever you do34Bamboo grows well where

38、 it is warm and wet.You may go wherever you like. 有時，有時，- where構成的復合詞也可以引導構成的復合詞也可以引導地點狀語從句，如：地點狀語從句，如： Everywhere they went, they were kindly received / warmly welcomed. Well go anywhere the Party directs us. 35 引導詞：引導詞：where，wherever Ill go wherever he goes. Ill go where he went. -Can you tell me

39、_ you are from? -It is not important _ I came from. A.when; whenever B.where ;wherever C.the place ;where D.wherever;where我要去他去的地方我要去他去的地方.他去哪我就去哪他去哪我就去哪.36地點狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別地點狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別1.-Where do you plan to work?-Ive made up my mind to go _Im most needed.A.to the place B. to which C.that D. where2.

40、I will go to a country for a holiday _ there are a lot of flowers and trees.A.in the place B.where C.which D.wherever辨析辨析:Go back where you came from.Go back to the village where you came from.37原因狀語從句原因狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)所表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)所發(fā)生的原因。引導這種從句發(fā)生的原因。引導這種從句 常用的連接詞是：常用的連接詞是：because, as, since, now

41、that, for,和和considering that, seeing that 這七個連詞都用于表示表示原這七個連詞都用于表示表示原因因, 但在語氣上一個比一個弱。但在語氣上一個比一個弱。e.g. He didnt come to school because he was ill.c.f. He might be ill, for he didnt come to school.表示表示“直接直接”原因。原因。表示表示“間接的推斷間接的推斷”原因原因.不可出現(xiàn)在句首。不可出現(xiàn)在句首。38原因狀語從句原因狀語從句 1) because表示某件事情發(fā)生的表示某件事情發(fā)生的直接原因直接原因或理

42、由。它的語氣很或理由。它的語氣很強強，因而常用來回答因而常用來回答why的提問。在這幾個連詞中，它表示原因的語的提問。在這幾個連詞中，它表示原因的語氣最強。如：氣最強。如： He didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill. 2) since常表示對方常表示對方已經(jīng)知道的既成事實已經(jīng)知道的既成事實，說話人根據(jù)這個事實，說話人根據(jù)這個事實得出某一種結論。其語氣比得出某一種結論。其語氣比because要弱，一般譯成要弱，一般譯成“既然既然”。如：如：Since you are here, why not stay for a few more

43、 days? 3) as常用于表示常用于表示十分明顯的原因十分明顯的原因，說明因果關系，重點放在主，說明因果關系，重點放在主句上，語氣較弱，常譯成句上，語氣較弱，常譯成“由于由于”。如：。如：As its getting darker, we must go home now. 4) for只是一個只是一個并列連詞并列連詞，用于連接兩個并列句，表示推理或解，用于連接兩個并列句，表示推理或解釋，對前一個分句進行釋，對前一個分句進行附加說明附加說明。如：。如：It must have rained last night, for the ground is wetNow that ,seeing

44、that, when.39because, since, as, for的區(qū)別的區(qū)別:because直接原因，非推斷語氣最強直接原因，非推斷語氣最強 回答回答why的問題。的問題。since 通常放句首譯為通常放句首譯為“既然既然”as 不談自明的原因不談自明的原因，語氣最弱。，語氣最弱。for 放句中，引導后半句表原因放句中，引導后半句表原因, 或補充推斷或補充推斷 的理由的理由。401. I danced in front of the people _ I liked it.2. Youd better wear strong shoes _ well do a lot of walki

45、ng.3. _ he was not well, I decided to go without him.4. _ everybody know about it, I dont want to talk any more.5. He must be ill, _ he is absent Today.6. Some people believe that _ oil is running out, the fate of the motor industry is uncertain.becauseasAsSinceforsince411. 在強調句中強調原因狀語從句，只能用在強調句中強調原

46、因狀語從句，只能用because引導，引導，不可用不可用as或或since. 2. because可以引導表語從句可以引導表語從句,而而as, since不可以，這時主語一般不可以，這時主語一般都是都是it, this, that It was _ he was ill that he didnt go with us. Its_ he is too lazy.3. since表示表示“既然既然”，只能放主句前，只能放主句前._ we have no money, we cant buy that vase.because用用because, as, since 填空填空becauseSinc

47、e42 條件狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)條件狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)是在什么情況或條件下發(fā)生的。條件狀語從句是在什么情況或條件下發(fā)生的。條件狀語從句中通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。中通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。條件狀語從句由從屬連詞引導：條件狀語從句由從屬連詞引導：if, unless (除除非非), as / so long as (只要只要), on condition (只要只要), once ( 一旦一旦), in case (假使假使) , providing / provided (that) 等等。e.g. a.Well come over to see you on

48、Saturday if we have time.b. We should serve the people as / so long as we live.431. We will be able to get there on time, _ our car doesnt break down on the road. as soon as B. as far as C. as long as D. as well as 2. In time of serious accidents, _ we know some basic things about first aid, we can

49、save lives. whether B. until C. if D. unless 3. _ you have tried it, you cant imagine how pleasant it is. A. Unless B. BecauseA. C. Although D. When44 _ you touch an English person, you should say “sorry”. _ they are dirty, certain seas are not able to clean themselves. _ we dont lose heart, well fi

50、nd a way to overcome the difficulty. You can be allowed to play the game _you finish your homework first. Dont touch anything _ your teacher tells you to. IfOnceAs long ason condition thatunless45 在復合句中表示讓步概念的狀語從句被稱為讓步狀語在復合句中表示讓步概念的狀語從句被稱為讓步狀語從句。常用引導詞：從句。常用引導詞：though, although, even if, even though,

51、no matter + 疑問詞疑問詞(what/ who/ where/ when/ which/ how)疑問詞疑問詞-ever(whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever)特殊引導詞：特殊引導詞： as (用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝)， while ( 一般用在句首一般用在句首 )， whether or , whether () or not46though, although 判斷以下句子是否正確：判斷以下句子是否正確：Although he is rich, but he is no

52、t happy. Although he is rich, yet he is not happy. Although we have grown up, our parents still treat us as children. 要點歸納：要點歸納：though, although當當“雖然雖然”講講, 都不能和都不能和 but 連用連用. 但是他們都可以同但是他們都可以同yet (still) 連用連用. ever if, even thougheven if 和和 even though 表示表示“ ” 即使即使Well make a trip even though the wea

53、ther is bad. 47as引導讓步狀語從句引導讓步狀語從句 as 引導的讓步狀語從句，必須將從句中的引導的讓步狀語從句，必須將從句中的 、 、以及謂語中的以及謂語中的 提前至從句句首，作表語的單數(shù)提前至從句句首，作表語的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前如有冠詞，冠詞需可數(shù)名詞前如有冠詞，冠詞需 。 表語表語狀語狀語實意動詞實意動詞省略省略Though he works hard, he makes little progress. Hard as/though he works, he makes little progress. Though he was a child, he knew what

54、was the right thing to do.Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. Though you may object, Ill go.Object as you may, Ill go. 48whether or , whether () or notwhether or , whether or not 表示表示“不論是否不論是否”，“不管是不管是還是還是”。其引導的從句旨在說明正反兩。其引導的從句旨在說明正反兩方面的可能性都不會影響主句的意向或結果。方面的可能性都不會影響主句的意向或結

55、果。Whether you believe it or not, it is true. Youll have to attend the party whether you are free or busy. while 也可以引導讓步狀語從句，意為也可以引導讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管盡管”，語氣比，語氣比though/ although弱。其引導的從句一般位于弱。其引導的從句一般位于 。句首句首例句：我盡管喜歡它的顏色，但不喜歡它的形狀。例句：我盡管喜歡它的顏色，但不喜歡它的形狀。While I like its color, I dont like its shape. 49no matt

56、er + 疑問詞疑問詞 疑問詞疑問詞-everNo matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mind. 替換：替換：no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however 判斷正誤：判斷正誤：No matter what you say i

57、s of no use now. Whatever you say is of no use now. 歸納：歸納：no matter+疑問詞不能引導主語從句和賓語從句，疑問詞不能引導主語從句和賓語從句，而而 “疑問詞疑問詞+ever”則可以則可以 50_ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. since C. Before D. Unless2. The workers are determined to go through with their railway project

58、, _ the expenses have risen. A. as long as B. even though C. now that D. as though3. I really want the match, however much _. A. does it cost B. costs it C. will it cost D. it costs514. _ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. A. For now B. Now that C. By now D. until5

59、. _, the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him. A. Wanting the job very much B. Although wanting the job badly C. Though he wanted the job very much D. He wanted the job badly52引導目的狀語從句的連詞引導目的狀語從句的連詞:in order that 用于正式文體中，所引從用于正式文體中，所引從句可于主句前或后。句可于主句前或后。so thata. 較常用，一般用于主句后較常用，一般用于主句后,有

60、時可有時可分開，分開，so 有時可省有時可省; 從句中從句中要有情要有情態(tài)動詞態(tài)動詞, 否則否則, 就成為下一種句型：就成為下一種句型：b. 無無情態(tài)動詞則引導情態(tài)動詞則引導結果狀語結果狀語從句。從句。for fear that; in case; lest (以免以免)等。等。53e.g. a. Well sit nearer the front so that we can hear better. b. I shall write it down lest I should forget. 注意：注意：當從句與主句的主語一致時，可用當從句與主句的主語一致時，可用 so as to do