英語(yǔ)中六大從句用法總結(jié)

1、英語(yǔ)中六大從句用法總結(jié)1、定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞可以是名詞或代詞， 也可以是一個(gè)句子。定語(yǔ)從句通常位于先行詞之后，由關(guān)系代詞 或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分修飾的先行詞可否省略關(guān)系代詞that 主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)人、物作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略which主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)物作賓語(yǔ)時(shí) 可省略who、whom、whose主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)人作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略關(guān) 系副詞when、where、why時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、原因時(shí)間、地 點(diǎn)、原因一般可省略*限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行 詞，對(duì)先行詞起修飾作用，緊接先行詞之后，無(wú)逗號(hào)，若省去， 原句意思不完整。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有who,whom, whose,wh

2、ich, that 等。who,whom,whose 用于指人， whose有時(shí)也可指物，相當(dāng)于of which； which用于指物；that 既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。關(guān)系代詞除了 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，替代先行詞外，還在從句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定 語(yǔ)等。T he computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizationsThose who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to ot

3、her people、 The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother> 1）當(dāng) 先行詞是 all, anything, everything, something, nothing 等不定 代詞或先行詞前有 first, last,any, few,much, some,no,only 以及 形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，只能用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)從句。T hat is all that Ive heard from him. lies the first person that Im going

4、 to interview this afternoon. 2)關(guān)系代詞的省略 在 從句中作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞?？墒÷?。關(guān)系代詞緊跟介詞，作介詞 賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不可用that,只可用which或whom引導(dǎo)從句，并且不可省 略，但當(dāng)介詞位于賓語(yǔ)從句句末時(shí)，作為介詞賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞仍 可用 that,也可省略。T his is one of those things with which we have to put up、 This is one of those things (whichthat)we have to put up with、3)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞有 when,where,why等。

5、關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，意義上相當(dāng)于一 個(gè)“介詞+which” 的結(jié)構(gòu)。E ven in comic books where(=in which)there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings. No one knows the reason why(=for which)he was so angry that day、*非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 非限制性 定語(yǔ)從句既可修飾先行詞，也可修飾整個(gè)主句，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作 用，與主句之間有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，若省去，原句意思不受影響。不可 用that引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系

6、詞不可省略。E very object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism、* “介詞+whichwhomwhose” 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句“介 詞+whichwhomwhose”可引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，也可引導(dǎo)非限制 性定語(yǔ)從句，該結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的選擇取決于從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的固定搭 配，或先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配。T his is the computer on which he spent all his savings It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar、*as

7、引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 主要用于“such、as"及“the same、as”的結(jié)構(gòu)中， 代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，代替 整個(gè)主句，從句可位于主句之前、之后或中間。T hese are not such problems as can be easily solved、（as 代替先行詞 problems）As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet、（as 代替主語(yǔ)）2、主語(yǔ)從句1）主語(yǔ)從句可直接位于主語(yǔ)的位置，

8、如果從句 較長(zhǎng)，謂語(yǔ)又較短，可用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將從句放在句末。常 見(jiàn)的句型有：*It is a facta pitya questiongood news that、 *It seemsappearshappenedhas turned out that、 、 、 *It is clearimportant1ikelypossible that> 、 、 *It is saidreportedestimatedhas been proved that. 、 、 It is said that comic books create a connection between people

9、 of the same generation> It seems that the performance is very useful2）what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句表示“、的東西時(shí)”， 一般不用 it 作形式主語(yǔ)。W hat we lack is experience 3） what, who, when, why, whether等詞含有各自的疑問(wèn)意義,但它們 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，都用陳述語(yǔ)序。II ow the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again、 I did know why I felt like crying.3、

10、賓語(yǔ)從句1）賓語(yǔ)從句可位于及物動(dòng)詞、介詞和某些形容 詞后。連詞that?？墒÷?。介詞后一般接疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從 句。in that （因?yàn)椋?，except that（除了），but that（只是）已構(gòu)成 固定搭配，其他介詞后一般不接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。*1 promised that I would change the situation、 *A11 this is different from what American young people would say about friendship *He is certain that watching so much telev

11、ision is not good for children、 *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long、2） 關(guān)于賓 語(yǔ)從句連詞的選擇：1若從句來(lái)源于一個(gè)陳述句，那么，連詞用that,在口語(yǔ)中that可以省略;2若從句來(lái)源于一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句,連詞則用if或whether；3若從句來(lái)源于一個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)句，則連詞就是疑問(wèn)詞（如 what,who,where,when 等）*They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human being

12、s、（他們相信計(jì)算機(jī)終將代替人類(lèi)。）（從句本來(lái)就是陳述句）* I wonder whether I should say something for him to the headmaster（我不知道是不是該為 他在校長(zhǎng)跟前說(shuō)點(diǎn)什么。）（從句來(lái)源于一般問(wèn)句 Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?）*He asked me where he could get such medicine、 （他問(wèn) 我在哪兒能搞到那樣的藥。）（從句來(lái)源于特殊問(wèn)句 Where can he get such medicine? ）3） 賓語(yǔ)從句后如有賓補(bǔ)，

13、要用形式賓語(yǔ)it來(lái)代替，而把賓語(yǔ)從句移 至賓補(bǔ)之后。II e has made it clear that he would not change his mind、4）在 think, believe, suppose, expect 等動(dòng)詞 后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，如果謂語(yǔ)是否定的，一般將否定詞移至主句謂 語(yǔ)上，賓語(yǔ)從句則變成肯定形式。II e didnt think that the money was well spent、4、表語(yǔ)從句在句子中作連系動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)的從句，它位于主句 中的系動(dòng)詞之后。表語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從 句”的句子中。表語(yǔ)從句除可用that, what, wh

14、en, why, whether, how 等弓【導(dǎo)外，還可由 because, as if （though）等引導(dǎo)。that?？墒÷?。如主句主語(yǔ)為reason,只能 用that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，不可用because、*Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America、 *The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies. *It

15、looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller>5、同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句用于對(duì)前面出現(xiàn)的名詞作進(jìn)一步 說(shuō)明，一般用連詞that引導(dǎo)，由于先行名詞的意義不同，也可用 whether,who,when,where,what,why,how 等引導(dǎo)。常見(jiàn)的先行詞有 fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion ,order, problem, reportt decision>有時(shí)由于謂語(yǔ)較短

16、,將同位 語(yǔ)從句位于謂語(yǔ)之后。S he finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show、 I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time、 The news came that their team had won the championship6、狀語(yǔ)從句*時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞 和詞組有：1)when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once 等。W e have lear

17、nt quite a lot about it since we came here. 2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)、 、 when,no sooner、 、 、 than,each(every)time,the moment,immediately(that)o A s soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses. The moment he heard the good newst he jumped with joy、 * 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞是where,whe

18、rever.Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her、 *原因、結(jié)果和目的狀語(yǔ)從句1）引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞 有：because,as,since,now（that）,seeing that,considering that, in that 等。C onsidering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well > 2）引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有： so、that, such、that , so that, that, so 等。M ickey Mouse

19、 is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave、3）引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：so that, in order that, for fear that, lest 等，從句常使用may,might, can, could, would 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。W e got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station. *條件和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句1）引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 的連詞和詞組有if, unless, as （so）long as,on condition that,in case,provided （providing） that, supposing 等。A s long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit c