高考英語(yǔ)核心詞匯講和練(18)

1、高考英語(yǔ)核心詞匯 700講與練 Day 21401. measure /?me?r)/ v.測(cè)/度/計(jì)/彳/衡量；n.度量單位，計(jì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；措施，辦法【拓展】be measured by/in 用來(lái)衡量take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事measure for 為量 一 make a measure for sb/sthto one' measure 按照某人尺寸make . to one's measure按某人的尺寸做 【例句】Education shouldn't be measured purely by examination resu

2、lts.教育不應(yīng)該純粹以考試成績(jī)來(lái)衡量。 You should take effective measures to improve your workers' working conditions.你們應(yīng)該采取有效措施改善你們工人的工作環(huán)境。 In the old days, my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with the Spring Festival coming. 過(guò) 去，媽媽在春節(jié)來(lái)臨時(shí)總是為我量身做新衣服?！军c(diǎn)津】measure作名詞表示 措施”時(shí)，常用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。作動(dòng)詞表示宥長(zhǎng)/寬/高”時(shí)，為不及物

3、動(dòng)詞，不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)，若此意義的短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式?！敬畉己】 To know the measurement of the spaceship you should take some measures to measure it by yourself.要知道這個(gè)飛船的尺寸，你需要自己采取措施測(cè)量。402. meet /mi:t/(met , met) vt.遇見(jiàn)，見(jiàn)到，結(jié)識(shí)；迎接；遭遇 ；滿(mǎn)足，達(dá)到；n.會(huì)，集會(huì)【拓展】meet one ' s need/requirement/standard足某人的需meeting n.見(jiàn)/會(huì)面；會(huì)議；機(jī)會(huì)；運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)要sp

4、orts meeting 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)meet with偶然遇到；碰到；遭受；和會(huì)面hold a meeting開(kāi)會(huì).舉行會(huì)議meet up with 遇見(jiàn)，趕上【例句】She is the girl whom you meet at the airport.她就是你在機(jī)場(chǎng)遇見(jiàn)的那個(gè)女孩。【串t己】 Yesterday I met with Jack.Ma and we had a meeting in which I put up with some suggestions which meethis requirements of improving Tao Bao.昨天我和馬云見(jiàn)面了，我們開(kāi)了

5、會(huì)，會(huì)上我提出的建議符合他改進(jìn)淘寶的需求。mention 'men?n v.& n .提到，涉及；說(shuō)起【拓展】(1)mention doing sth.提到做某事Don't mention it.不要客氣/不用謝/沒(méi)關(guān)系。mention sth.to sb.(2) make (no) mention of (沒(méi))提及，(沒(méi))提到向某人提及mention to sb. that .not to mention = without mentioning 更不必說(shuō)，更談不上【例句】 In the interview, the singer mentioned her chil

6、dhood to the journalist. 在采訪(fǎng)過(guò)程中，歌手向記者提 及了她的童年時(shí)代。The boy is good at advanced mathematics, not to mention such an easy problem. 這男孩連高等數(shù)學(xué)都擅長(zhǎng)， 更不用說(shuō)這么簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題了。Whenever mention playing football, he says he's too busy.我一跟他提踢足球的事，他就說(shuō)太忙。mess/mes/ n.混亂；混雜；臟亂 v.弄糟；弄亂；妨礙【拓展】in a mess亂七八糟，繁亂改，胡鬧；開(kāi)玩笑make a mess

7、 of把弄糟mess up把弄糟（弄舌L, 弄臟 ）mess about（around）混日子，消磨時(shí)間；干預(yù)，篡mess with干預(yù)，打擾【例句】I've never seen so much mess and disorder!我從來(lái)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)這么亂七八糟的樣子。Ten the boys to stop messing up the room.告訴那些男孩們別把屋子弄亂了。403. mind /ma?nd/ n.頭腦，心；思維，智力；心思，想法； v.介意，關(guān)心；注意，小心 （watch） 【拓展】mind doing sth.介意做某事 bear/keep in mind 記住;

8、懷; 掛心 change one ' s min®某人的想法 come into one ' s nmnd 想至Uhave sb./sth. in mind 擔(dān)心某人 /某事 make up one ' s mind人下定決心 on one ' s mind心事)在心頭mind your own business 另1J多管閑事 never mind沒(méi)有關(guān)系，不要記在心上 absent-minded a.健忘的，心不在焉的 single-minded a.專(zhuān)一的；誠(chéng)心的；純真的 open-minded a思想開(kāi)明的；無(wú)偏見(jiàn)的 mindful a.留心的

9、，注意的；警覺(jué)的 mindless a.愚笨的；不小心的；無(wú)意識(shí)的Would/Do you mind + one （賓格）/ones + doing sth.?表示請(qǐng)求允許或詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方是否介意自己或別人做某事。Would you mind + if從句？（從句中要用一般過(guò)去時(shí) ）Do you mind + if從句？（從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）表示詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方是否介意某人做某事?！纠洹?There were all kinds of thoughts running through my mind .各種念頭在我腦海中閃過(guò)。Would you mind my asking you/if I asked

10、 you a private question ?你是否介意我問(wèn)你一個(gè)私人問(wèn)題嗎？【串t己】 An open-minded person doesn' mean that he or she is mindless , on the contrary an open-mindedperson can be very mindful . 一個(gè)思想開(kāi)明的人，并不意味著他（她）是一個(gè)愚笨的人，相反地這個(gè)人可能非常警覺(jué)。minority ma?n?r?ti n .少數(shù)民族；少數(shù)【拓展】(1)a/the minority of 少數(shù)的 be in the/a minority 占少數(shù)（2）maj

11、ority n. 多數(shù)，多半a/the majority of 的大多數(shù)be in the/a majority 占多數(shù)【例句】 Only a minority of America households don't have a car. 美國(guó)只有少數(shù)家庭沒(méi)有汽車(chē)。We are in the minority on this issue.在這件事情上我們占少數(shù)。 The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 大部分損失容易補(bǔ)救?！军c(diǎn)津】minority/majority作主語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；強(qiáng)調(diào)群體中的每一個(gè)個(gè)體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)

12、 動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；a/the minority/majority of +n.作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞視 of后名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。404. miss /m&/v.未擊中；錯(cuò)過(guò)；未領(lǐng)會(huì)；躲開(kāi)，避過(guò)；想/懷念【拓展】miss doing sth.錯(cuò)過(guò)/想念做某事missing a.失去的；下落不明的miss out遺漏；（被）略去；錯(cuò)過(guò)機(jī)會(huì)【例句】 We have missed you badly since you were gone .自你走后我們非常惦念你?！敬洝縄 miss my missing pet, it was my fault that I miss out the oppo

13、rtunity to get it back.我想念我丟失的那只寵物了，是我的錯(cuò)，是我錯(cuò)過(guò)了將它找回來(lái)的機(jī)會(huì)。405. mistake /m?ste?k/ （mistook , mistaken） n.錯(cuò)/失誤；vt.弄錯(cuò)，誤會(huì)【拓展】mistake for 把誤認(rèn)為make a mistake 犯錯(cuò)誤by mistake錯(cuò)誤地；無(wú)意中（做了錯(cuò)事）mistaken a.弄錯(cuò)的，理解錯(cuò)誤的；錯(cuò)誤的【例句】He always makes spelling mistakes .他總是犯拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤?！敬洝?Lily was mistaken by her teacher Lucy because Lu

14、cy opened the wrong box by mistake. 莉莉被她的老 師露西誤解了，因?yàn)槁段麇e(cuò)誤地打開(kāi)了盒子。406. mix /m?<s/ v.（使）混/融/摻合,攪拌；調(diào)制/配;交往【拓展】mix sth. with sth.把某物與某物混合起來(lái)mixed adj.混合的，混雜的mix with sth.與某物相融合be mixed with 與 混合在一起mix up混淆，弄亂；攪勻mixture n.混合，混雜；混雜的事物mix . up with . 把和搞混了【例句】 He is famous for mixing Chinese musical tradit

15、ions with western forms and instrumentation. 他因把中國(guó)的音樂(lè)傳統(tǒng)和西方的音樂(lè)形式和樂(lè)器演奏融合在一起而聞名。 Shake the bottle well so that the oil mixes with the vinegar.充分搖動(dòng)瓶子使油和醋混合。 It's common to mix him up with his brother; they're twin brothers.把他同他的弟弟搞混了是常有的事，因?yàn)樗麄兪请p胞胎?！敬洝縊il and water do not mix however alcohol can

16、 mix with water.油和水不相融然而酒精和水可以相融。407. mood /mu:d/ n.心境；情緒；語(yǔ)氣；氣氛【拓展】be in the mood for sth . /（to do sth.）有做某事的心情moody a.不高興的，憂(yōu)郁的；喜怒無(wú)常的 change one's mood 轉(zhuǎn)變心情【例句】I'm not in the mood for reading（to read）我沒(méi)有心情看書(shū)。【串記】 Tom is a moody cat sometimes he is in the mood to do anything sometimes he has

17、 no mood to doanything.湯姆是一只喜怒無(wú)常的貓兒，有時(shí)他有心情做任何事，有時(shí)做什么事都沒(méi)有心情?！颈嫖觥縨ood 一般用詞，表示心理上暫時(shí)的、一時(shí)的狀態(tài)，由某種感情或欲望所控制的心情、情緒，也指由于一時(shí)的欲望而產(chǎn)生想做某事的心思；temper（性情、情緒）指由一種感情所支配的情緒，即性情、脾氣，也指某人解決問(wèn)題時(shí)的心情，特別是動(dòng)怒的情況emotion（情緒、情感）指人受到某種刺激，心理上或生理上發(fā)生的強(qiáng)烈的激動(dòng)，如喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等。408. move /mu:v/ v.移動(dòng)，搬動(dòng)，搬家；感動(dòng) n.移/彳f /搬動(dòng)【拓展】move about走來(lái)走去move away離去，

18、遷走move on繼續(xù)前進(jìn)出發(fā)moving a.活動(dòng)的，可移動(dòng)的；感人的moved a.受感動(dòng)的movement n. 運(yùn)動(dòng); 活動(dòng); 動(dòng)作; 樂(lè)章【例句】 I can hear somebody moving about upstairs .我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)樓上有人在不停地走動(dòng)。One false move loses the whole game. 一著不慎，滿(mǎn)盤(pán)皆輸?！敬洝?Lyn is moved by a moving film which tells a couple keeps moving around the world fighting for themovement of lib

19、eration.琳被一部感人的電影感動(dòng)了，電影中講述了一對(duì)情侶為解放運(yùn)動(dòng)環(huán)游世界進(jìn)行斗爭(zhēng)。narrow /'n?r ?/ adj.狹窄的；狹隘的；勉強(qiáng)的v.（使）變窄；縮小(1)narrow- minded adj.心胸狹窄的(2)narrow down縮小的范圍a narrow escape死里逃生，險(xiǎn)些遇難narrow .to .把局限在之內(nèi)勉強(qiáng)地a narrow majority/victory/defeat 微弱多數(shù) /險(xiǎn)勝/勉強(qiáng)(3)narrowly adv.擊敗【例句】The young man has won the election by a narrow majori

20、ty.這個(gè)年輕人以微弱多數(shù)贏得了這次選舉。DThe heavy traffic crawled through the narrow tunnel.擁擠的車(chē)輛慢吞吞地穿過(guò)狹窄的隧道。D Last year I had a narrow escape, so I don't want to risk my life a second time.去年我死里逃生, 因止匕我不想 再去冒生命危險(xiǎn)了。There are easy ways to narrow down your choice. 有簡(jiǎn)單的方法來(lái)縮/、你的選擇范圍。409. nation/?ne?/ n.民族；國(guó)家 /民【拓展】na

21、tional a.國(guó)家的；國(guó)有的；國(guó)民的nationality n.國(guó)籍；國(guó)家；民族性;部落international a.國(guó)際的；兩國(guó)（或以上）國(guó)家的【例句】 No agreement was reached between the two nations.兩國(guó)未能達(dá)成協(xié)議。The Chinese nation is a great nation in the world .中華民族是世界上偉大的民族?！敬畉己】 People from different nationalities speak for their own nations and want to have their own

22、 right on the international stage.來(lái)自不同國(guó)家的人民都為他們的民族發(fā)言，都希望在國(guó)際舞臺(tái)上有自己的權(quán)力。410. natur e /?ne?7r）/ n.大自然；天 /本性；性質(zhì)【拓展】by nature生來(lái)，天生in the course of nature自然而然地，正常地from nature根據(jù)實(shí)物（景），寫(xiě)生地all nature萬(wàn)物，人人in nature本質(zhì)上，本性【例句】Nature is stronger than education .本性難移?！敬洝縄n nature people can ' t live withounatu

23、re however nature can exist without human. 事實(shí)上人不能沒(méi) 有自然而生存，然而沒(méi)有人自然可以存在。411. necessary /?nes?s?ri/ a.必需的，必要的（同 essential）;必然的【拓展】it is necessary for sb. to do sth.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是if necessary若有需要必要的。necessarily ad.必定，必然地，必要地it is necessary that （should）do、要他（某事necessity n.需要；必然性；必需品be necessary to對(duì)是必要的【例句】If

24、 necessary , you can contact me at home.必要的話(huà)，我在家時(shí)你也可以和我聯(lián)系?！敬洝縄t ' necessary for the students to study hard. It is necessary that they should try their best to prepare the college entrance examination, if necessary, they need extra study time. 學(xué)生努力學(xué)習(xí)是很有必要的, 他們有必 要盡他們最大的努力去學(xué)習(xí)，如果有必要的話(huà)，他們需要額外的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間。

25、412. need /ni:d/ n. & a.需要，必要【拓展】need to do sth.需要做某事need doing/to be done 需要被in need在危難中；在窮困中的needn ' t have done sth不必做某事的there is no need （for sb.） to do sth.（某人）沒(méi)必要做meet/satisfy one ' s need（S人的需要have need to（do）必須,務(wù)必 needy a.貧困的；貧窮的；生活艱苦的in case of need 在困窘時(shí)【例句】 There is a great nee

26、d for us to learn a foreign language well in the modern society.在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)， 學(xué)好 一門(mén)外語(yǔ)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是非常必要的。A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難朋友才是真朋友?！敬洝?We need to do something to help the people in need, for example, the houses need to be repaired so we need to buy something to meet their needs but there is no

27、 need for us to buy these toys.我們需要做一些事情來(lái)幫助這些需要幫助的人，例如這些房子需要修繕?biāo)晕覀冃枰I(mǎi)些東西滿(mǎn)足他們，但是我們沒(méi)有必要買(mǎi)這 些玩具啊。413. next / nekst/ a.最近的，緊挨著的，隔壁的；下一次；ad.隨/然后，下一步；n.下一個(gè)人/物【拓展】in the next place其次，第二next to（用于否定詞之前）幾乎，差不多；緊挨著next door to在隔壁，幾乎，近乎，差不多next to impossible幾乎不可能的【例句】It ' s next to impossible to drive in th

28、is traffic在交通這樣擁擠的情況下幾乎無(wú)法駕車(chē)行駛。【串記】 Lily is the next student to walk into the room next to the reading rom.莉莉是下一個(gè)進(jìn)入閱讀室旁邊房間的學(xué)生。415. noise /n?2/ n.噪聲，喧鬧聲【拓展】make a noise 喧嘩，吵鬧make a noise about 抱怨make a noise in the world名噪一時(shí)noisy a.嘈雜的；喧鬧的；充滿(mǎn)噪音的make noises議論紛紛noisily ad.吵鬧地；喧喧嚷嚷【例句】 We had to put up w

29、ith a lot of noise when the children were at home.孩子們?cè)诩視r(shí)，他們吵吵嚷嚷我們 也得忍受。【串記】 The children play noisily , I can ' t stand those so I don ' t want to live in thinoisy place. 孩子們吵鬧 地玩著，我不能忍受這些噪音，所以我不想住在這個(gè)吵鬧的地方。416. normal /?n?:ml/ n. & a.正常的（狀態(tài)）；健全的【拓展】go back/return to normal 變得 /恢復(fù)正常normal

30、ly ad.正常地；通常地，一般地；按說(shuō)abnormal a.反常的，異常的；不規(guī)則的；變態(tài)的【例句】He is reported as saying that the situation is already back to normal.據(jù)報(bào)道，他曾說(shuō)局勢(shì)已恢復(fù)正常?！敬洝?His temperature finally went back to normal, but his abnormal behavior still remains. 他的體溫終于變得正常了，但是他的行為仍然不正常。417. note /n?t/ n.便條；筆記，注釋?zhuān)烩n票，紙幣;音符/調(diào)；vt.記下，記錄；注/

31、留意【拓展】(1)make/take a note/notes (of .)記下,t己錄 (3) noted a.著名的take note ofleave a note for pare notes (with sb.)2 2) note down 記下注意到給某人留個(gè)條子（與某人）交換意見(jiàn)be noted for因而聞名be noted as作為而著稱(chēng)（4）notable a .值得注意的notebook n.筆記本/簿；手冊(cè)【例句】Read the text and make a note of any new information.讀一讀這篇文章并將任何新的內(nèi)容都記錄下來(lái)。

32、D Please make a note of what our teacher said in class and if you have any questions, compare notes afterwards.請(qǐng)把我們的老師在課堂上所講的內(nèi)容記下來(lái)，如果有什么問(wèn)題，之后再交換意見(jiàn)。This lake is noted as a home to many birds.這個(gè)湖作為許多鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的棲息地而聞名遐邇。【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥lake note of和take notes of意思不同，前者表示注意"，相當(dāng)于take notice of;后者表示 記下,對(duì)做好筆記”?！敬洝縄 bought a notebook to take notes of the dialogue when I compared notes with my colleague.我買(mǎi)了一個(gè)筆記本來(lái)記錄當(dāng)我和他對(duì)話(huà)時(shí)交流的意見(jiàn)。418. nothing /?n? 0 ?on.沒(méi)有東西/事情；n.微不足道的人/事物【拓展】be nothing to對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)無(wú)足輕重for nothing免費(fèi)，徒勞，無(wú)用地have nothing to do with 與無(wú)關(guān)make nothing of輕視，無(wú)動(dòng)于衷，未利用nothing but只不過(guò)而已nothing like沒(méi)有什么