主謂一致與名詞的數(shù)

1、 Page 2 謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上必須和主語一致China is a country with a long history.中國是一個(gè)歷史悠久的國家。Page 3 The questions raised by Tom are very important.湯姆提出的問題很重要。Page 4 就近一致就近一致由關(guān)聯(lián)詞either.or. ; neither. nor. ; not.but ; not only.but also. ;or 等連接的主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要與最鄰近的主語的數(shù)保持一致Page 5 Either Tim or his brothers have to shovel the

2、 snow.或是蒂姆或是他的兄弟們得去鏟雪。Not you but he is going to be the leader.不是你而是他將成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。Page 6 Not only the teacher but also his students _(like) playing basketball.Page 7 在There be/ Here be句型中，謂語的數(shù)與并列主語中的鄰近詞保持一致There is a pen and two books on the desk. 書桌上有一支筆和兩本書。There are many books and a computer on the desk

3、.書桌上有許多書和一臺(tái)電腦。Page 8就遠(yuǎn)一致就遠(yuǎn)一致主語后如有下列詞或短語，如： as well as, as much as,accompanied by, including, in addition to, more than, no less than, rather than, with, together with, but, besides, except, like, other than等，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與前面的主語的數(shù)相一致Page 9 Tom, rather than his brothers, is going to see the film.湯姆而不是他的兄弟們將去

4、看電影。He, like Tom and Jane, is very clever.像湯姆和簡(jiǎn)一樣他很聰明。Page 10 The teacher with some students _(be) doing experiments in the lab then.The students, together with their teacher, _(be) going to have a picnic next Sunday.Page 11謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)的情況謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)的情況表示國家、城市、人名、書名、報(bào)紙、雜志、及組織等專有名詞專有名詞作主語，通常作為整體作為整體看，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形

5、式Shanghai is the biggest city in China.上海是中國最大的城市。Page 12 China Daily is read all over China.中國日?qǐng)?bào)在中國被廣泛閱讀。Page 13 以-ics或-s結(jié)尾的諸如news, plastics, physics, works等名詞作主語謂語用單數(shù)Physics is now taught in all schools.所有的學(xué)校都開設(shè)物理課程。Page 14 以-ics結(jié)尾的表示學(xué)科名稱的名詞作主語時(shí)，若改變?cè)~義表示學(xué)科能力學(xué)科能力時(shí)，則用復(fù)數(shù) Her physics are weak.她的物理很差。Pa

6、ge 15 表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢、量度、時(shí)間、距離、金錢、量度、容量、溫度容量、溫度等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，通常當(dāng)作一個(gè)整體，謂語用單數(shù)Page 16 Two hours is not long enough for this work.這項(xiàng)工作兩小時(shí)不夠。Ten miles is a long distance.十英里是一段很長(zhǎng)的距離。Page 17 如果說話人側(cè)重于個(gè)體，側(cè)重于個(gè)體，謂語用復(fù)數(shù) Ten years have passed since we met last time.自從我們上次見面以來，十年已經(jīng)過去了。Page 18 “many a +單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞” “more than

7、 one +單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞” “one and a half +復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，and連接的兩個(gè)名詞分別有分別有every或或each修飾修飾，習(xí)慣上謂語用單數(shù)Page 19 More than one student is here.不止一個(gè)學(xué)生在這。One and a half apples is on the table.桌上有一個(gè)半蘋果。Every boy and every girl likes this song.男孩和女孩都喜歡這首歌。Page 20 Many a student _(have) passed the exam.Page 21 動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞、不定式不定式或從

8、句從句作主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)Walking on the moon is very difficult.在月球上行走是很困難的。What he said is wrong. 他所說的是錯(cuò)的。Page 22 不定代詞everybody, nobody, someone, anybody等作主語或修飾主語時(shí)應(yīng)看作單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Page 23 Nobody was in. 沒人在里面。Is anybody there?有人在那嗎？Page 24 由and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)主語同指一同指一個(gè)人、一件事個(gè)人、一件事，謂語用單數(shù)； Page 25 The teacher and writer has co

9、me to the meeting.這個(gè)老師兼作家已經(jīng)來參加會(huì)議了。Early to bed and early to rise is a good habit.早睡早起是個(gè)好習(xí)慣。Page 26 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)的情況由and或both.and連接的兩個(gè)主語兩個(gè)主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)Fire and water do not agree.水火不相容。Page 27 Both Tom and Jane are workers.湯姆和簡(jiǎn)都是工人。The writer and the teacher are coming.作家和老師都來了。Page 28 The poet and writer _ (ha

10、ve) produced many works.The poet and the writer _ (have) produced many works.Page 29 有些集合名詞，如cattle, people, police等作主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。但people意為意為“民族民族”時(shí)，用作單數(shù)The police are searching for the lost child.警察正在尋找失蹤的小孩。Page 30 People here are very friendly.這兒的人很友好。The Chinese people is a great people.中華民族是一個(gè)偉大的民

11、族。Page 31謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù), ,也可以用也可以用復(fù)數(shù)的情況復(fù)數(shù)的情況 有些集合名詞，如class, family, team, enemy, group, government, couple, nation, public, population等作主語時(shí)，若作為整體看待，謂語用單數(shù)；若考慮其成員，則謂語用復(fù)數(shù)Page 32 My class is a big one.我班是一個(gè)大班。My class are working hard at their lessons.我班的同學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)很努力。Page 33 His family _(be) a great one. H

12、is family _(be) music lovers.Page 34 一些由兩個(gè)相同部分組成一個(gè)整體的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，如glasses, trousers, shoes, scissors(剪刀剪刀)等作主語時(shí)，如果主語前有“一條一條”“一把一把”“一雙一雙”等修飾謂語則用單數(shù)；如果謂語前是復(fù)數(shù)修飾語或沒有修飾語復(fù)數(shù)修飾語或沒有修飾語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)Page 35 This pair of shoes is his sisters.這雙鞋是他姐姐的。The shoes are his sisters.這鞋是他姐姐的。Two pairs of shoes are his sisters.這兩雙鞋都是他

13、姐姐的。Page 36 a number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，the number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)Page 37 A number of people have houses now.現(xiàn)在很多人都有房子。The number of people who own houses is increasing.有房子的人數(shù)在增加。Page 38 “one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞”后的定語從句中謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，而“the(only) one +復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞”后的定語從句中謂語用單數(shù)Page 39 He is one of

14、the students who have been to Shanghai.他是那些去過上海的學(xué)生之一。He is the one of the students who has been to Shanghai.他是那些學(xué)生中唯一一個(gè)去過上海的人。Page 40 Jeff is one of the journalists who _(be) awarded.Jeff is the only one of the journalists who _(be) awarded.Page 41 有些以-sh, -ese, -ch結(jié)尾的表示國家、民族的形容詞與the連用時(shí),指整個(gè)民族整個(gè)民族，表示

15、復(fù)數(shù)含義，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；但表示語言語言時(shí)用單數(shù)Page 42 The French are brave.法國人很勇敢。French is a beautiful language.法語是一種優(yōu)美的語言。Page 43 “分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞名詞”作主語，謂語的數(shù)與名詞的數(shù)保持一致More than 70 percent of the surface of our planet is covered by water.我們星球的百分之七十以上的陸地表面被水覆蓋著。Two thirds of the people are women here.這里三分之二的人是婦女。Page 44 定冠詞

16、加上某些形容詞，如the rich, the wounded, the old, the dead, the sick等，表示一類人一類人，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；表示一類事物一類事物，謂語用單數(shù)Page 45 The rich are for the plan, but the poor are against it.富人贊成這個(gè)計(jì)劃，但窮人反對(duì)。The beautiful goes with the true and the good.美總是和真善相伴而生。Page 46 個(gè)體名詞的數(shù)個(gè)體名詞的數(shù)規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化一般情況一般情況，加-s brothers, flowers, schools, book

17、s以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的詞，加-es buses, foxes, watches, dishesPage 47 以“輔音字母輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i再加-es ladyladies, countrycountries以“元音字母元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，加-sboys, keys, guysPage 48 以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞， 變f或fe為v再加-eshalfhalves, leafleaves妻子(wife)持刀去宰狼(wolf)小偷(theif)嚇得發(fā)了慌躲在架(shelf)后保己(self)命(life)半(half)片樹葉(leaf)遮目光Page 49 例外例外

18、：roofs, chiefs, beliefs, gulfs, proofs, safes（保險(xiǎn)箱）Page 50 以“輔音字母輔音字母+o”結(jié)尾的詞，加-es heroes, potatoes, tomatoes 以“元音字母元音字母+o”結(jié)尾的詞，加-s zoos, radios, bamboos, videos有些以-o結(jié)尾的名詞既可以加-s，也可以加-es。如zero, motto, tobacco, manifesto, volcano. Page 51 以-th結(jié)尾的名詞，加-s months, mouths, youths Page 52 不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化特殊變化特殊變化ma

19、nmen womanwomenchildchildren oxoxentoothteeth footfeetgoosegeese mousemice basisbasesPage 53 單復(fù)數(shù)同行單復(fù)數(shù)同行 Deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese, works(工廠), means, aircraftPage 54 fish指魚的數(shù)量魚的數(shù)量時(shí)單復(fù)數(shù)同行， 指魚的種類魚的種類時(shí)復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)在詞尾加-esThere are a lot of fishes in the museum.博物館里有許多種類的魚。There are a lot of fish in the

20、pond.池塘里有很多魚。Page 55 合成名詞的復(fù)數(shù)合成名詞的復(fù)數(shù)合成名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，通常只將里面所包含的主體名詞主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。 passer-by passers-by boy student boy students Page 56 如果修飾主體名詞主體名詞的是man或woman，則前后兩個(gè)名詞都要變復(fù)數(shù)。 Man doctor men doctors Woman teacher women teachersPage 57 沒有主體名詞沒有主體名詞的合成詞，在最后最后一個(gè)詞上加-s。 grown-up grown-ups go-between go-betweens hold-up

21、hold-upsPage 58 以結(jié)尾的名詞的數(shù)以-s結(jié)尾的某些學(xué)科名稱、疾病名稱及某些專有名詞專有名詞，通常只用作單數(shù)單數(shù) physics, maths或mathematics, politics, the Thames, news, the United States, the Taiwan StraitsPage 59 有些以-s結(jié)尾的名詞通常只用作復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)Trousers, glasses, clothes, goods, thanks, times, ashes, manners, stairs, riches, looks, arms, doings, savings, belon

22、gings, findingsPage 60 集體名詞的數(shù)集體名詞的數(shù)有些集體名詞通常只用作復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)People, police, cattle有些集體名詞通常只用作單數(shù)單數(shù)Mankind, furniture, machineryPage 61 有些集體名詞既可以用作單數(shù)單數(shù)也可以用作復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)。用作單數(shù)時(shí)，在意義上是把集體名詞看做一個(gè)整體整體；用作復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，是指該集體的各個(gè)成員各個(gè)成員Page 62 His family is a large one.他的家庭是個(gè)大家庭。His family are all well.他的家人都很好。Page 63 物質(zhì)名詞的數(shù)物質(zhì)名詞的數(shù)一般地說，物質(zhì)名詞是不可數(shù)的不可數(shù)的，但當(dāng)