英語(yǔ)人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)講解及練習(xí)(共10頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的講解及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是初二要學(xué)到的語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容，也是中考的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。一. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句（have/has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞）二. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響或后果。也就是說(shuō)，動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在。I  have already posted the photo.我已經(jīng)郵寄出了照片

2、。與此種用法連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)一些模糊的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如already（肯定句句中）, yet（否定句/疑問(wèn)句句尾）, just, before, recently,still, lately,never等。2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)也可用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且有可能會(huì)繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。He has lived here since 1996自從1996年以來(lái)，他一直住在這兒。(動(dòng)作起始于1996年，一直住到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)住下去。)此種用法常與for（+時(shí)間段）,since（+時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過(guò)去時(shí)的句子）連用。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。有些瞬間動(dòng)詞可變?yōu)檠永m(xù)動(dòng)詞：go ou

3、t-be out finish-be over open-be open die-be dead buy-have fall ill-be ill come back-be back catch a cold-have a cold三. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)對(duì)于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的考查，多以單選、句型轉(zhuǎn)換或詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用的形式考查學(xué)生在具體語(yǔ)境中靈活運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)的能力。在考試中，會(huì)讓大家判斷是否該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，或者是考查“瞬間動(dòng)詞”不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用”這一知識(shí)點(diǎn)?！镜湫屠}】His father_the party since 1990A.joind     B.has j

4、oined    C.was in    D.has been in答案：D解析：本題考查學(xué)生對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的熟練掌握。 since 1978表達(dá)“自從1978年一直到現(xiàn)在”，表示這件事情從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而且動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，A、B均為瞬間動(dòng)詞，不能與時(shí)間段連用，故排除；C為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，也不行。四. 比較一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1. 共同點(diǎn)：動(dòng)作都是在過(guò)去完成。I saw the film yesterday evening.I have seen the film before.（看電影這件事都是在過(guò)去完成的。）2. 區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在

5、完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系，只是說(shuō)明某個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是在過(guò)去。一般過(guò)去時(shí)通常與具體明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如yesterday, last week , two years ago，just now，in 2002 等；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則常與 just ,already ,ever ,never 等模糊的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和 these days ,this week ,since., for. 等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。例題_ you       your homework yet ?Yes . I _ &

6、#160;it  a  moment ago .A.Did ; do ; finished          B.Have ; done ; finished          C.Have ; done ; have finished答案：B解析：本題考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法區(qū)別。問(wèn)句中的yet表明應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而回答中的a moment ago 是一個(gè)明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。五. 過(guò)去分詞的規(guī)則變化動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的規(guī)則變化與動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的規(guī)則變化相同

7、。 一般情況下，在詞尾直接加“ ed ”。work-worked-worked visit-visited-visited 以“ e ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加“ d ”。 live-lived-lived  以“輔音字母 + y ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將 "y" 變?yōu)?"i" ，再加“ ed ”。study-studied-studied  cry-cried-cried 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ ed ”。stop-stopped-stoppe

8、d drop-dropped-dropped 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練一、選擇填空。1. -How long have you been like this? -_. A. Since last month B. Last month ago C. Last month before D. Last month2. -_ you _ the new film?-Yes, I _ it last week. A. Have, saw, saw B. Did, see, saw C. Have, seen, saw D. Did, see, see3. -Wheres Jim?-He _ Di

9、sneyland. A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D. has been at4. -Have you_ been to Beijing?-No, I have _ been there. A. ever, ever B. ever, already. C. yet, never D. just, already5. -Who will go to the airport to meet Jane?-I will. I _ her several times. I can find her easily. A. met B. had

10、met C. have met D. will meet6. They _ homeless people for many years. A. help B. have help C. have helped D. helped7. You _ a lot in the past three years. A. have grown up B. grow up C. have grown D. grow8. His father _ for two years. A. has been dead B. was dead C. has died D. died9. -How long _ yo

11、u _ the bad cold? -Since last week. A. have, taken B. have, taught C. have, got D. have, had 10. _have you had this bike? -Since 2003. A. When B. What time C. How long D. What11. We have been good friends since we _ each other five years ago. A. knew B. have known C. go to know D. know12. -Have you

12、finished your written homework _?-No. Ill finish it _ another ten minutes. . already, after B. yet, before C. already, about D. yet, in13. I wont go to see the film tonight because I _ my ticket. A. lost B. have lost C. will lost D. didnt have14. -Why not go to see the flower show with us? -I _ it.

13、A. saw B. see C. have seen D. seen15. Hes never been to England, _? A. isnt he B. hasnt he C. has he D. is he16. -What are you going to do this weekend? -I _yet. A. havent decided B. wont decide C. have decided D. didnt decide17. I have _ a cold for several days. I took some medicine, and now I feel

14、 better. A. had B. have C. catch D. caught18. -Oh, you are late again. The film _ for twenty minutes. -What a pity.A. has begun B. began C. has been on D have been on19. -Mr. Green, your hat looks nice. Is it new?-No, I _ it for two months. A. have had B. have bought C. bought D. had20. -How long _

15、you _ here? -For about two years so far. A. have, studied B did, live . C do, day D. were, swimming21. Tom _ the CD player for two weeks. A. has sent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had22. -How long _ you_ here since you _ to Dalian?-Almost half a year. A. did, live, here B. did, live, have com

16、e C. have, lived, came D. have, lived, have come23. Whats wrong with him? I havent seen him _ last Wednesday. A. on B. by C. until D. since24. It _ two years since we visited Beijing last time. A. has been B. has C. be D. will be25. Mr. Green _ England. He _ London for two weeks. A. has been to, wil

17、l be to B. has gone to, will be in C. has been to, will be in D. has gone to, will be toKeys:1-5ACBBC 6-10CCADC 11-15ADBCC 16-20AACAA二、用since和for填空1. _ two years 2._ two years ago 3. _ last month 4. _ 1999 5._ yesterday 6. _ 4 oclock 7. _ 4 hours 8._ an hour ago 9. _ we were children 10. _ lunch tim

18、e 11._ she left here12. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.13. Ive known him _ we were children.14. Mike has been ill_a long time. He has been in hospital _October15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.16. Its about ten years _ she left the city.17. Jill has been in Irelan

19、d_ _Monday.18. Jill has been in Ireland_ _three days.19. My aunt has lived in Australia_15 days.20. Margaret is in her office. She has been there_7 o'clock.Keys:1,for 2.since 3since 4.since 5,since 6.since 7.for 8.since 9.since 10.since 11.since 12.since 13.since 14.for,since 15.for 16.since 17.

20、since 18.for 19.since 20.since3、 用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空：1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “Have you _ seen the film?” “No, I have _ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _?

21、” “Yes, it has _ left.”Keys:1.never 2.already 3.for 4.ever,never 5.already ,already四、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各種形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He _ his country.2) David _ the park just now.3) John _ England since he came back.4) How long _ they _ this village?5) The Smiths _ Beijing for yea

22、rs.6) _ you ever _ America? - Yes, I _ there many times.7) I _ _ this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He _ the farm.9) When_ he _? He _ an hour ago.10) Would you like to _ to the zoo with me? -Yes, but I _ _ there before.11) Where _ you _ now? I _ to the zoo.12) He often _ swimming.13)

23、 _ you _ there last year?14) _ they often _ skating in winter?Keys:1.has gone to 2.went 3.has been in 4.have been in 5.have been in 6.Have,been to, have been 7.have been in 8.has been to 9.did, go, went 10.go, have been 11.are,going, am going 12.goes 13.Did go 14.Do.,go五、用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空：1. Shes _ (live) he

24、re ever since she was ten.2. Both of them _ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.3. Both of them _ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour _ (pass) since the train _ (leave).5. Mary_(lose) her pen. . _ you _(see) it anywhere?6. _ you _ (find) your watch yet?7. Are you thirsty? -No I _just _ (have)

25、some orange.8. I _(not finish) my homework yet. Can you help me?9. -Where is Tom? -He _( go) _( in ,to) the bookshop.10. I _ _ (buy) a book just now.11. I _ (lose) my watch yesterday.12. Mr. Green _(teach) us a lot about social studies since September.13. I _never_ _ (meet) her sister before.14 .Mr.

26、 Smith _ _ (work) here since 1984.15. He _ (learn) about 5,000 English words since he_ (go) to college.16 .We _(know)each other for twenty years.17. Mary _never_( be) _( in ,to) the Great Wall. 18. They _( be) _( in ,to) that village several times. Keys:1.lived 2.have been 3.came 4.has passed,left 5

27、.has lost,have seen 6.Have found 7.have, had 8.havent finished 9.has,been to 10.bought 11.lost 12. Has taught 13.have met 14.has worked 15.has learned, went 16.have known 17.has been to 18.have been to六、非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語(yǔ)。 arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to sp be

28、 in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He Beijing for .2) I moved to the USA in 2008. I the USA since .3) I went home yesterday. I home for .4) They came here last week. They _ _ here since _.Keys:1.has been in,five minutes 2.have been in

29、,2008 3.have been at,one day 4.have been,last week 5 come to / go back to / return to be back to go out be out1) He came out two years ago.He _ for _.2) We returned to Beijing yesterday.We _ _ to Beijing since _.Keys:1.has been out, two years 2.have been back ,yesterday become be1) I became a teache

30、r in 2000. I _ a teacher for _.2) The river became dirty last year. The river _ _ dirty for _ _.Keys:1.have been,seventeen years 2.has been,one year close be closed open be open1) The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _ _ for _.2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door _ _ _for six hours.K

31、eys:1.has been closed,two hours 2.has been opened get up be up； die be dead； leave sp. be away from sp.fall asleep / get tot sleep be asleep； finish / end be over；marry be married；1) I got up two hours ago.I _ _since _.2) He left Shanghai just now.He _ _ _ Shanghai for five minutes.3) My grandpa die

32、d in 2002.My grandpa _ _ _for _ _.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I _ _ _ since _ _.6) They married in 1990. They_since_.Keys:1.have been up,two hours ago 2.has been away from, 3.has been dead.fifteen years 4.has been over, 5.have been

33、asleep,two hours 6.have been married,1990 start / begin to do sth. do sth. ；begin be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. I _ _ at this school since _.2) The film began two minutes ago. The film _ _ _ for _ _.Keys1.have been 1995 2.has been on, two minutes borrow keep； lose not have ；buy ha

34、ve ；put on wearcatch / get a cold have a cold； get to know know1) They borrowed it last week. They _it since _.2) I bought a pen two hours ago. I _a pen for _.3) I got to know him last year. I _ him since _.4) I put on my glasses three years ago. I _ my glasses for _.Keys：1.have keot,last week 2.hav

35、e had, two hours 3,have known, have / has gone to have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He _ Beijing for two days. join the league / the Party / the army be a league member /a Party member / a soldier be a member of the league / the Party be in the league / the Party / the army1) He joined the league i

36、n 2002.He _ a _ for two years.He _ a _ the _ for two years.He _ the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother _a _ for _ _.My brother _ in _ for two years.Keys:1.has been,league member, has been, member of league 2.has been,soldier, has been, the league七、劃線提問(wèn)1. I ha

37、ve been there for two days._ _ _ you _ _?2. My father has lived here since 2000._ _ _ your father _ _?3. He left here yesterday_ _ he _ _?4. They bought a book two hours ago._ _ they _ a book 5.They have been here since 2000. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) have they been here?6.The old man _ last year. He for a year. (d

38、ie) 7.This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) This factory _ _ for twenty years.8.Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同義句） Her mother _ the Party three years _ .9. The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè)句子) _ Keys:1.How long have,been there 2.How long

39、has your father lived here 3.When did, buy 4.How long did,buy 5.How long 6.died, has been dead 7.has been opened 8.joined, ago 9.The bus has been here for about ten minutes.八、用過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)填空：1. I_ already_(see) the film. I_(see) it last week.2. _he _(finish) his work today? Not yet.3. _ you _(be) to Ho

40、ng Kong? Yes, I _(be) there twice.4 you ever _ (eat ) chocolate sundaes （圣代）? No, never.5. My father_ just _(come) back from work. He is tired now.6. A : Where's Li Ming? B: He _ _(go) to the teacher's office.7. Shanghai _(be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it _ _ _(become) a large city.8. I _ _(work) here since I _(move) here in 1999.9. So far I (make) quite a few friends here.10. How long _the Wangs_ _(stay) here ? For two weeks.11 .She's _ (live) here ever since she was ten.12 .Both of them _ _ (be) in Hong Kong for ten days.13 .Both of them _ (come) to Hong