名詞性從句高三復(fù)習(xí)（課堂PPT）

1、12基本概念基本概念: : 名詞性從句是相當(dāng)于名詞的句子在句名詞性從句是相當(dāng)于名詞的句子在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ), , 因此分因此分別稱為別稱為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句。3 1 1、主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句 (1) (1) 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類: :從屬連詞從屬連詞that( (不充當(dāng)句子成分不充當(dāng)句子成分, ,沒有詞匯意義沒有詞匯意義) )That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance

2、 between them.從屬連詞從屬連詞whether “是否是否”(不能使用不能使用if) Whether he will come here is not clear.連接代詞連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which,whoever whatever, whichever, whoever=anyone who whatever=anything that whichever=anythat)4Examples:Who will give the speech is not known yet.Who the prize will be given to is

3、 not decided yet.Whose room it is is clear.What he said at the meeting was true.What he said at the meeting is not known yet.Which (one) you like has nothing to do with me.Whoever comes is welcome.Whatever I have is at your service.Whichever (of you) comes first will receive a prize.Whichever you wa

4、nt is yours.5連接副詞連接副詞where, when, how, why.Where the meeting will be held depends on the weather.When they are leaving is being discussed.How this happened is not clear to anyone.Why he was absent yesterday was that he was ill at home.6(2) (2) 主語(yǔ)從句常用主語(yǔ)從句常用it it作形式主語(yǔ)的有作形式主語(yǔ)的有 It +be +形容詞形容詞 (obvious,

5、 true natural, surprising ,good , wonderful ,funny , possible , likely, certain ,probable, etc ) + that -It is probable that he told her everything .It + be +名詞詞組名詞詞組 (no wonder ,an honour, a good thing ,a pity, no surprise, etc ) + that -It is no surprise that our team should have won the game . It

6、 +be +過去分詞過去分詞(said ,reported ,thought ,expected ,decided , announced ,arranged ,suggested ) + that - . It is announced in todays newspaper that Bush will pay a visit to China next week .7 It + seems/appears , happens 等不及物動(dòng)詞及等不及物動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)+ that -It happened that I was out that day .It doesnt matter (

7、makes no differences etc) + 連連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句It makes no differences where we shall have the meeting .當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)在感嘆句中時(shí)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)在感嘆句中時(shí), , 用用it it 作形式主語(yǔ)作形式主語(yǔ). .How strange it is that they are so quiet .82. . _we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What ,what B. What, that C. That, that

8、D. That, what_ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C.That D. Whether that 不充當(dāng)任何成分不充當(dāng)任何成分 what 充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)Consolidation 93. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where4._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The one C

9、. Anyone D. Whoever whoever = anyone who 凡凡者者5._ wants to do computer students should sign _on this paper. A.Who, his name B. The one who,her name C.Those who,their name D. Whoever, their names106._is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A.There B.This C.That D.It it 作

10、形式主語(yǔ)作形式主語(yǔ)7.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. A. while B.that C.if D.for8._ seems strange to us is _ the troublesome boy is getting along well with all his teachers. A. It, that B.What, how C.It, how D. What, that what 作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ), 充當(dāng)成分充當(dāng)成分119. It was only when I reread his poems recently_

11、I began to appreciate their beauty. A. until B. that C. then D. so 10.It was about 600 years ago_the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. A. that B. until C. before D. when121. I remember_this used to be a quite village. A. when B. how C. where D. what2. -Do you know _Mr Blacks address

12、 is? -He may live at No.18 or No.19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure_ A. what,which B. where,which C. where,what D. what,where賓語(yǔ)從句：賓語(yǔ)從句：13 3. A computer can only do_you have instructed it to do.(2001) A. how B. after C. what D. when4. It is generally considered unwise to give a child_he or she wants. A

13、. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever145. These wild flowers are so special that I would do_I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 6. -My foot hurts terribly,doctor. -Well,I wonder _it has been like this. A. since when B. since then C. how D. when15 7. -Do you remembe

14、r_he came? -Yes ,I do .he came by car. A. where B. how C. that D. if8. Please tell me_you would like to have your coffee-black or white. A. what B. where C. when D. how9.Those children are wild. I feel sorry for _ has to be their babysitter. A. whoever B.who C.whomever D.someone16The question is who

15、 can complete the difficult task.He looks as if he was going to cry.The question is whether the film is worth seeing.表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句17 1. -I drove to ZhuHai for the air show last week. -Is that _you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 2. _she couldnt understand was_fewer and fewer students

16、showed their interest in her lessons. A. what,why B. That,what C. what,because D. why,that183. The reason_their failure you know is _they didnt get fully prepared for the experiment ? A. why,that B. that,why C. for,that D. why,become 4.Go and get your coat. Its _you left it. A. there B. where C. the

17、re where D. where there19 5. That is _I was born and grew up ? A. there B. in which C. where D. the place 6. -I rang you at about ten,but there was no reply.-Oh,that was probably _I was seeing the doctor. A. when B. why C. what D. that7. Air is to us_water is to fish.A. that B. what C. where D. howA

18、 is to B what C is to DA之于之于B猶如猶如C 之于之于D20同位語(yǔ)從句：同位語(yǔ)從句：引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞主要有引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞主要有 fact, news, fact, news, promise, idea, truth, hope,question,belief,promise, idea, truth, hope,question,belief, suggestion, thought, order, problem, fear, suggestion, thought, order, problem, fear, doubt ,etc.doubt ,etc.

19、連接詞用連接詞用thatthat( (不能省不能省) )不用不用 whichwhich，還用還用how, when, where, why, whetherhow, when, where, why, whether（不（不用用if if） etcetc. .21Eg: 1. Where did you get the idea that I could not come?2. Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.3. I have no idea whether he will come

20、 or not.4. The question who should do the work requires consideration.5. We havent settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.22練習(xí)：練習(xí)： Information has been put forward_ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D . as2. Tom le

21、ft word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon. A who B that C as D which 3. There is a feeling in me _ we will never know what a UFO is - not ever. A that B which C of which D what 231. 名詞性從句考點(diǎn)名詞性從句考點(diǎn) 1 1、引導(dǎo)詞、引導(dǎo)詞 that that 與與 whatwhat；that that 與與 whetherwhether； if if 與與 whetherw

22、hether；what what 與與 howhow等的區(qū)別；等的區(qū)別；2 2、名詞性從句的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)序問題；、名詞性從句的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)序問題；3 3、名詞性從句的語(yǔ)氣問題；、名詞性從句的語(yǔ)氣問題；4 4、同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的比較區(qū)別。、同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的比較區(qū)別。241、名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞問題、名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞問題問題問題1： Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. （05安徽卷）安徽卷） A. wha

23、t; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that 前句考查的是前句考查的是 that 與與 what 的區(qū)別。的區(qū)別。that 在名詞性從句中在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，而不充當(dāng)任何成分，而 what 可充當(dāng)名詞性的成分。前句的可充當(dāng)名詞性的成分。前句的表語(yǔ)從句中還缺少表語(yǔ)，故只能用表語(yǔ)從句中還缺少表語(yǔ)，故只能用 what。后句是定語(yǔ)從。后句是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾句，修飾 20 years ago，所以須用，所以須用 when。25問題問題2：1) What the doctors really doubt is _my mother wil

24、l recover from the serious disease soon. (上海2001) A. when B. if C. whether D. why2) Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _it is rough or smooth. （05天津卷） A. 不填 B. whether C. how D. what 在名詞性從句中表示在名詞性從句中表示“是否是否”這一概念時(shí)，連詞這一概念時(shí)，連詞 if 一一般只能引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，而題般只能引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，而題1是表語(yǔ)從句，故不能選是表語(yǔ)從句，故

25、不能選B；注；注意意doubt 的用法，如果是肯定句，用的用法，如果是肯定句，用 whether，如果是否定，如果是否定句，用句，用 that。賓語(yǔ)從句中，以下情況只用。賓語(yǔ)從句中，以下情況只用 whether 不用不用 if： 與與 or 連用時(shí)；連用時(shí)； 后接不定式短語(yǔ)時(shí)；后接不定式短語(yǔ)時(shí)； 在在 decide ; be sure 等動(dòng)詞后。等動(dòng)詞后。26問題問題3： _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. (MET1988) A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who whoever

26、 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)表示引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)表示“無(wú)論哪一個(gè)無(wú)論哪一個(gè)”，相，相當(dāng)于當(dāng)于 anyone who；who 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)表示帶有疑問引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)表示帶有疑問的的“誰(shuí)誰(shuí)”。根據(jù)該題的意思不難作出選擇。選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)該題的意思不難作出選擇。選項(xiàng)A, B后后都缺少了都缺少了 who，而引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的，而引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的 who 是不能省略的。是不能省略的。 同時(shí)還需要注意同時(shí)還需要注意 whoever 與與 no matter who; whatever 與與 no matter what 等的區(qū)別。等的區(qū)別。wh-ever 既可引既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句也可引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，而導(dǎo)名詞性從句也可引導(dǎo)狀

27、語(yǔ)從句，而 no matter wh- 只能只能引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。27問題問題4：1) I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize _ silly mistakes I had made. （05湖南卷） A. what B. that C. how D. which 2) Parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future. （04廣東） A. that B. howC. such D. so what

28、與與 how 引導(dǎo)感嘆句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)感嘆句時(shí)，what 后加名詞，后加名詞，how 后后加形容詞和副詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：加形容詞和副詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：What + (a) + (adj.) + n. 但要但要注意在注意在 what 后不能加表示數(shù)量的后不能加表示數(shù)量的 many; much; few; little 等詞。等詞。 How + adj. + (a )+ (n.)，要注意的是要注意的是 how 后的名詞后的名詞只能為單數(shù)名詞。題只能為單數(shù)名詞。題1中是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，只能用中是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，只能用 what；題；題2中中的正常語(yǔ)序是的正常語(yǔ)序是 education is important to thei

29、r ，所以選，所以選B。281、Scientists think that the continents _ always where they _ today. (05北京卷) A. arent; are B. arent; were C. werent; are D. werent; were 2、 Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. Oh! I thought they _ without me. (05江西卷) Awent Bare going Chave gone Dhad gone當(dāng)主句的動(dòng)

30、詞為現(xiàn)在和將來時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，名詞性從句中的動(dòng)作根當(dāng)主句的動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在和將來時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，名詞性從句中的動(dòng)作根據(jù)所發(fā)生的時(shí)間來定，可以有各種時(shí)態(tài)；當(dāng)主句的動(dòng)詞為過據(jù)所發(fā)生的時(shí)間來定，可以有各種時(shí)態(tài)；當(dāng)主句的動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)作一般都要使用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)，除非去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)作一般都要使用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)，除非表示客觀真理。表示客觀真理。2 2、名詞性從句中的時(shí)態(tài)問題、名詞性從句中的時(shí)態(tài)問題291、Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. (全國(guó)全國(guó)2000) A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who

31、it is 2、 The photographs will show you _（MET1989） A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 名詞性從句中都用陳述語(yǔ)序，不用倒裝語(yǔ)序。題名詞性從句中都用陳述語(yǔ)序，不用倒裝語(yǔ)序。題1中的干中的干擾項(xiàng)是擾項(xiàng)是B，對(duì)想要知道的人提問或應(yīng)答都用，對(duì)想要知道的人提問或應(yīng)答都用 it 而不用人稱而不用人稱代詞代詞 he, I , you 等。題

32、等。題2只要注意是介詞賓語(yǔ)就行了。只要注意是介詞賓語(yǔ)就行了。3、名詞性從句中的語(yǔ)序問題、名詞性從句中的語(yǔ)序問題304. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 A、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在動(dòng)詞 suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后需用 should 型的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 The teacher demanded that the work _ before 4 oclock. A. fin

33、ished B. be finished C. should finish D. finish2. - What did the doctor say about your mothers illness? - He suggested that she _ an operation at once. A. must haveB. hadC. haveD. had had31B、主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣、主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣基本句型：基本句型： It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted；

34、+ (should) do It is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative that+ (should) do a. It is a pity, a shame, no wonder that + (should) do 1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takesB. has to takeC. must take D. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told32C、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 在在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名詞后面等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即（的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即（should）+動(dòng)動(dòng)詞原形。詞原形。My idea is that we (s