高考核心語法定語從句

1、定義：在復合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。如：1. The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.2. You must do everything that I do.上面兩句中的man, everything是定語從句所修飾的詞，即先行詞，定于從句放在先行詞的后面。引導定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。 使用關(guān)系詞時要注意以下法則：例1：選擇題1. Is there anything _I can do for you? （A）A. that B. which C. what D. how2. The last place _we visited

2、 several days ago was the Famen Temple in Fufeng County, Shaanxi province. （D）A. where B. when C. which D. that3. I have read the very book _you lent me last month. （B）A. which B. that C. when D. what4. They talked about the school as well as the teacher _they had visited. （C）A. who B. whom C. that

3、D. which知識筆記一：定語從句中只能用關(guān)系代詞that的情況： 先行詞為all, few, little, much, everything, anything, nothing, something等不定代詞時。All that we have to do is to practice every day. 先行詞被形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞所修飾時。Liu Ying is the most diligent student that I have ever known. 先行詞被all, any, few, few, only, very, little, no, some, much,

4、the last等修飾時。You can take any room that you like. 定語從句先行詞同時修飾人又修飾物時。They talked about the persons and things that they came across in that remote town.例2：判斷正誤1. Do you like the man whom they spoke to yesterday? T2. Do you like the man who they spoke to yesterday? T3. Do you like the man to whom they

5、 spoke yesterday? T4. Do you like the man to who they spoke yesterday? F知識筆記二：who 在定語從句中可以作主語或賓語。介詞在句末時，whom 和who可以替換；否則，只能用whom.例3：判斷正誤1. This is the building which I told you about. T 2. This is the building that I told you about.3. This is the building about which I told you.4. This is the buildi

6、ng about that I told you.知識筆記三：若不受法則一的限制，which與that一般可以互換，但當which 直接置于介詞之后時，則不能用that.例4：判斷正誤1. This is the reason that he cheated in the exam. T2. This is the reason why he cheated in the exam. T3. This is the reason for which he cheated in the exam. T知識筆記四：定語從句中，當先行詞為reason,并且在從句中作狀語時，用why或for whic

7、h引導從句，有時也可用that.例5：判斷正誤：1. The way how these comrades look at problem is wrong. F2. The way that these comrades look at problem is wrong. T3. The way in which these comrades look at problem is wrong. T4. The way which these comrades look at problem is wrong. F知識筆記五：定語從句中，當先行詞為way,并且在從句中作狀語時，用that或in

8、 which引導從句，在非正式場合也可以不使用引導詞。例6：判斷正誤1. I have never heard such interesting stories as he tells. T2. I have never heard such interesting stories that he tells. F知識筆記六：定語從句中，先行詞被such修飾時，用as引導從句，而不用which和 who.例7：選擇題1. That is one of the books that _ to us so far. （A）A. have been given B. are given C. hav

9、e given D. has been given2. This is the one of the boys who _always on time.A. is B. are C. was D. were3. I was the only one of the clerks in the office who _invited. （A）A. was B. is C. are D. am知識筆記七：在one of+定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，若one之前有the, the only等修飾時，定語從句謂語動詞的單復數(shù)要與one 保持一致。例8：選擇題（答案不唯一）1. This is the place _

10、we visited last year. （A/B/D）A. that B. which C. where D. /2. This is the very place _we lived last year. （A）A. where B. at which C. / D. that 3. I thought of the dark days _ I worked for the boss. （AB）A. when B. in which C. that D. which4. The days _I spent in the countryside in my childhood was th

11、e happiest time. （A/B）A. that B. which C. when D. on which 知識筆記八：選擇關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞應(yīng)根據(jù)它在定語從句中所充當?shù)某煞荻?。如：判斷正誤：1. I will go to the front where needs me. F2. I will go to the front where I am needed. T3. I will go to the front which needs me. T例9：選擇題，并判斷從句類型（答案不唯一）。1. I found my books _ I had left them. （B）A.

12、 which B. where C. in which D. where2. The news _he will visit our school is whispered from one to another. （A）A. that B. which C. where D. /3. The news _you told me yesterday is encouraging. （A/B）A. that B. which C. where D. what 4. 判斷正誤(1)All what I can say is this. F(2)All that I can say is this.

13、 T(3)All I can say is this. T(4)What I can say is this. T5.選擇題(1)Ill do the things _ I can (do). （A）A. that B. which C. what D. /(2)Ill do _ I can (do). （C）A. that B. which C. what D. /知識筆記九：首先判斷從句的類型，再決定引導詞。例10：判斷正誤1. I have brought you everything (that) you need it. F2. I have brought you everythi

14、ng (that) you need. T知識筆記十：定語從句中，必修省略重復出現(xiàn)的部分。綜 述：非限制性定語從句與主句的關(guān)系部十分密切，只是對先行詞的附加說明，如果去掉，主句意思仍然完整、清楚；主句、從句之間往往用逗號隔開，一般可用who, whom, whose, which, as, when, where引導，但不可用that, why引導非限制性定語從句。1. Xiao Ming, who is a boy of twelve, knows a lot of English.2. Mr. White, whose home is not far from here, is an ou

15、tstanding doctor.3. The next day John went to the station, where he bought a ticket for Xian.4. In the old days, when I was only a little boy, the city had no industry to speak of.5. As is known to all, “Practice makes perfect.”二、介詞或介詞詞組+關(guān)系代詞。1. Mr. Li is our teacher, from whom I learned a lot.2. Ou

16、r school has 86 teachers, 30 of whom are women.3. She had two daughters, both of whom became lawyers.4. At noon they got to a hill, on the top of which stood an old temple.5. They stayed in a big hotel, in front of which was a garden.1. This is the job _they laughed. （C）A. which B. that C. at which

17、D. at that2. Beihai Park is one of the most beautiful parks _built about 300 years ago in Beijing. （D）A. where were B. which was C. that was D. that were3. This is the school _they visited the other day. （A）A. that B. where C. to which D. what4. Thats the only thing _we can do at present. （D）A. whic

18、h B. what C. all D. that5. Trees must be planted _there is plenty of water and sunlight. （A）A. where B. in which C. which D. in the place that 6. The days _ we spent together are not easily forgotten. （D）A. when B. on which C. in which D. which7. They talked for an hour of things and persons _they r

19、emembered in the school. （C）A. whom B. which C. that D. who8. This is such a difficult question _nobody can answer it. （C）A. as B. which C. that D. so that9. There is something wrong with the TV set _last month. （A）A. I bought B. I bought it C. which I bought it D. when I bought10. It was said _was

20、all _he said. （A）A. that that; that B. that what; what C. that /; what D. that what; /定語從句通常被命題者用來增加句子結(jié)構(gòu)的復雜性，遇到插入定語從句后，一般可以采用省略定語從句的方法分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。1. The day we all looked forward _at last. （C）A. to come B. to coming C. to came D. came 2. The country life he was used to _greatly since the opening policy.

21、（B）A. changed B. has changed C. changing D. having changed3. The time he has devoted in the past ten years _the disabled is now considered _of great value. （B）A. to help; being B. to helping; to be C. to help; to be D. helping; being4. Mr. Brian was much disappointed to see the washing machine she h

22、ad had _went wrong again. （C）A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired5. The theory he had stuck _to be true. （D）A. proved B. to proving C. to prove D. to proved6. I didnt know the girl you _the cows. （C）A. had fed B. had her fed C. had feed D. had to feed7. It is dangerous to let children

23、who are _go swimming in the river. （B）A. too young to B. so young C. not old enough to D. so old8. Mother was so angry at all _I was doing _she walked out. （A）A. that; that B. what; that C. what; as D. that; which1. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of _hadnt been cleaned for at lea

24、st a year. （D）A. these B. those C. that D. which2. She heard a terrible noise, _brought her heart into mouth. （B）A. it B. which C. what D. that3. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _she could turn for help.（D）A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom4. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to a small town, _he grew up. （B）A. which B