高二英語語法-虛擬語氣

1、虛擬語氣：是一種與事實（包括過去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)恚┩耆喾吹年愂?，表示假設(shè)，愿望，懷疑，推測或后悔。虛擬語氣主要用于條件從句，讓步從句和名詞性從句。    虛擬語氣句型中常見的動詞形式：1. 動詞過去式2. had done      3. would/could/should/might do4. would/could/should/might have done  5.  were   （一）虛擬語氣用在與過去事實相反的假設(shè)的條件句中：表示假設(shè)，后悔或推測。 &#

2、160;  句型結(jié)構(gòu)：If +主語+had been/done.，主語+should/could/might/would + have done.1. If the illness had been diagnosed a day earlier, it might have made all different.2. If she had told him about the danger, he would not have got hurt.3. If I had known more about giving first aid, I could have helped hi

3、m.   （二）虛擬語氣用在與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)的條件句中：    句型結(jié)構(gòu)：If +主語+were / 動詞過去式，主語+should/could/might/would +do1. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.2. If I were you, I would give an AIDS patient a hug.3. 虛擬語氣用在與將來的結(jié)果相反的假設(shè)的條件句中：    句型結(jié)構(gòu)：If +主語+were to do, 主語+shou

4、ld/could/might/would +do    If +主語+should do    If +主語+動詞過去式（1）If we were to panic, we would not be able to help.（2）If the little girl should take piano lessons, she would have less free time.（3）If I were to live long enough to have a job, I would choose to be a doctor,

5、 helping these AIDS patients.    注意：虛擬條件句的從句中如果有助動詞were; had或should可以去掉if以后用倒裝句語序。    例句： Had I not helped him, he would have failed in business. Should I be free, I would come . Were she my daughter, I could suggest a different plan .    注意：有時候，主，從句所描述的時

6、間范圍不一致，則根據(jù)具體語境調(diào)整動詞的形式。    例句： If he had caught the train, he would be here by now. You would speak English well enough, if you had practiced every day.   （四）虛擬語氣在其他句型中的使用：1. 用在與without, but for, but, otherwise短語連用的句型中：    例句：    The ship would h

7、ave sunk with all on board but for efforts of the captain.    The rescue arrived in time, otherwise They would have been frozen to death.2. 用在Its time 句型中：Its time that 主語+動詞過去式    Its time that I went to school and picked up my daughter.3. 在句型as if /though+主語+動詞過去式/wer

8、e/had done     例句：    He looked at me as if I were mad .    “I wish people would find out the facts,” she says, “ and not act as if I were a bad or dangerous person.”    It looks as if its going to rain.4. 用在If only 句型中：表示：要是該多好??！ 

9、0; （1）If only you hadnt told Jackie what I said, everything would have been all right.   （2）If only you would listen to reason.5. 與“命令，建議，要求, 有必要/重要”有關(guān)的名詞性從句中的謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）主動結(jié)構(gòu)：should do（2）被動結(jié)構(gòu)：should be done；（should可以省略） I suggest that he should come another day. The suggestion that the stud

10、ents should learn something practical is worth considering.（五）情態(tài)動詞（should / ought to; could; neednt; would like to等）+have done：表示“本來應(yīng)該/能夠/沒必要/很愿意”    1. You could have told us earlier.    2. I ought to have bought that dictionary last week.    3. You ough

11、t not to have spent so much time in reading novels.    4. We need not have been in a hurry to catch the train.高二英語虛擬語氣倒裝句練習(xí) 1. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired.A. drove; didnt get B. drove; wouldnt get C. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven; wouldnt have got

12、2. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will3. The captain kept calm in the terrible storm, otherwise the accident _.A. couldnt be prevented B. mustnt have prevented C. wouldnt have been prevented D. shouldnt prevent4. When the pen

13、cil is partly in a glass of water, it look as if it _.A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken5. Why didnt you tell me there was no meeting today ? I _ all the way here through the heavy snow.A. neednt have driven B. cant have driven C. mustnt have driven D. shouldnt have driven6. I

14、 was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word.A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leave7. It is suggested that a doctor_immediately.A. be sent for B. send for C. is sent for D. should send for 8. Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?I dont know, _.A.

15、 nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care, neither. D. I dont care also9. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villages did realize D. didnt the villagers realize10._can you expect to get a pay r

16、ise.A. With hard work B. Although hard work C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard11. The officer insisted that the young girl _ a thief and ordered she _ free.A. was not; be set B. should not be; be set C. was not; was to be set D. was not; set12. _ right now, she would get there on Sunda

17、y.A. Would she leave B. If she leaves C. Were she to leave D. If she had left13. It already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its time_?A. we are going home B. we go home C. we went home D. we can go home14. Had he worked harder, he _ the exams.A. must have got through B. would have got through C. would

18、get through D. could get through15. _ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not16. Yesterday Jane walked away from the 'discussion Otherwise, she _ something she would regret later.A. had said B. said C

19、. might say D. might have said17. David has made great progress recently. _and_.A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you C. So has he; so have you D. She as he; so you have18. I finally got the job 1 dreamed about. Never in all my life happy.A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I

20、felt19._ can you expect to get a pay rise.A. With hard work B. Although hard work C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard 20. So difficult_it to live in an English speaking country that I determined to learn English well.A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel21. Only when

21、 the war was over _ to his hometown.A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returnedC. returned the young soldier D. did return the young soldier22. If he _, he _ that food.-Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; wouldnt take B. had been warned; would not have ta

22、kenC. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken23. Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. shall fall D. were to fall.24. Without

23、the air to hold some of the suns heat, the earth at night _, too cold for us to live.A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing cold C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly25. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will26. I

24、would never come to visit this restaurant again. The food is terrible!-_.A. Nor am I. B. Neither would I. C. Same with me D. So do I.27. Only when your identity been checked, _.A. you are allowed B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in28. What would have happened, _

25、as far as the river bank?A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther29. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realize D. didnt

26、the villagers realize30. _ for the free tickets, I should not have gone to see the film so often.A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not31. So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I was determined to learn English.A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I

27、 did feel D. did I feel32. Only in this way _ to make improvement in the operating system.A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope33. _snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.A. Not only they brought B. Not only did

28、 they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring34. _, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much.35. No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game b

29、egan B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun答案：1-5 DBCCA 6-10 BABAC 11-15 ACCBC 16-20 DBDCD 21-25 ABBAB 26-30 BDCAC 31-35 DCBCD高二英語虛擬語氣專項練習(xí) 1.The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free.A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. do; be set D. had done ; must be

30、 set2. Mother suggested that I _ my homework first before watching TV. A. did B. shall do C. do D. have done3. My suggestion was that the meeting _off still next week.A. be put B. to put C. should put D. be putting4. The suggestion has been made _the basketball game _put off.A. for; to B. that ;be C

31、. which; should be D. to; being 5. The commander ordered that the wounded _ to hospital right now. A. to be sent B. should send C. send D. be sent6. The order came that the medical supplies _to the village soon.A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent7.They requested that he _ on t

32、he radio. A. spoke B. speaks C. speak D. would speak8.It is important that we _wild animals.A. will protect B. should protect C. shall protect D. are protecting9.It is necessary that the problem _ at once. A. solves B. should solve C. should be solved D. will be solve10. The teacher demanded that th

33、e exam _before eleven.A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished 11.She made the demand that she _ at once. A. leave B. leaves C. left D. to be left12.He is talking too much about America as if he _ there. A. had been B. has been C. was D. been13.Mother insisted that the

34、child's hands _before dinner. A. should wash B. be washed C. would wash D. had washed14.It is strange that he _interested in much of his research. A. should have lost B. would lost C. had lost D. will lost15.Had you listened to the doctor, you _ all right now. A. are B. were C. would be D. would

35、 have been16._ I be free tomorrow , I could go with you. A. Could B. Should C. Might D. Was I 17. _ to do the work , I should do it some other way. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I 18._ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving B. Were he to leave D. If he leav

36、e19._your letter , I would have written back two days ago. A. If I received B. Should I received C. Had I received D. If I could have received 20.If it were not for the fact that you _ ill, I would ask you to do this right now. A. were B. had been C. are D. be 21.Should it rain , the crops _. A. wou

37、ld be saved B. would have been saved C. will be saved D. had been saved22.You _ earlier . The bus left a moment ago. A. would come B. should have come C. may come D. have come23.He treated me as though _his own son.A. I am B. I would be C. I was D. I were24. He smiled as if he _my thought.A. read B.

38、 was reading C. had read D. has read25. I _you some money , but I hadn't any on me then.A. would lend B. would have lend C. could lend D. may have lent26.A few minutes earlier and we _the train .A. have caught B. had caught C. could have caught D. were to caught27.If I _you , I would try again.A

39、. am B. was C. were D. be28._, all the students would hear.A. If the teacher had spoken louder B. If the teacher will speak louder C. Had the teacher spoken louder D. If the teacher spoke louder29.What should we do if it _ tomorrow?A. should snow B. would snow C. snow D. will snow30.If you _5 minute

40、s earlier , you _him.A. should come ;had seen B. came ;would see C. come ;will see D. had come ;would have seen31. You _such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice.A. may not make B. might have not made C. shouldn't have made D. might not have made32.We_the work on the time without you

41、r help.A. hadn't had finished B. didn't have finished C. couldn't have finished D. can't have finished 33. If you _at school , you _a college student now.A. had studied hard ;would have been B. should have studied hard; should have been c. had studied hard ;would be D. would study ha

42、rd ;must have been34. If only I _as young as you are! A. being B. am C. be D. were35. “Have you ever been to Beijing ?”“No, but I wish I _.”A. have B. will C. do D. had【答案】1-5 BCABD 6-10 CCBCC 11-15 AABAC 16-20 BCCCC 21-25 ABDCB 26-30 CCDAD 31-35DCCDD 一、單項選擇:(共18小題,每題1分) 1.If I had had enough time,

43、I_ my work. A.would finishB.must have finishedC.would have finishedD.had finished 2.Ten minutes earlier, they _ the plane. A.will catchB.would catchC.would have caughtD.will have caught 3.Mr Green requires that the students _ a composition every other week. A.write B.writen C.would write D.will writ

44、e 4.Had he studied hard, he_ the exam. A.would passB.could passC.had passedD.would have passed 5.I wish I _ what is happening there in his room. A.knowB.knownC.knewD.should know 6.It is important that you _ sports every day. A.haveB.would haveC.must haveD.will have 7.If there were no water in the wo

45、rld, everything _. A.will dieB.would dieC.would have diedD.would have been dead 8. _ what was going to happen ,I would never have left her alone. A.Had I knownB.If I knowC.If I knewD.If had I known 9.He ordered that the work _ right away. A.should finishB.finishedC.would be finishedD.be finished 10.

46、Shall we go to the movie tonight? No, I'd rather _ at home with our baby. You'd better not leave it to the babysitter at night.A.you stayedB.you stayC.stayedD.stay 11. _ in your position, I would help him. A.Was IB.Were IC.If I amD.If I had been 12.I _, but I was stopped by the heavy rain. A

47、.mean to comeB.meant to comeC.had meant to comeD.meant coming 13.Mrs Black insists_ in that old hotel. A.not to stayB.not stayingC.staying notD.that she not stay 14.If you had spoken clearly, you would_. A.understand itB.have understoodC.be understoodD.have been understood 15.If you _ that late movi

48、e last night, you wouldn't be so sleepy. A.haven't watchedB.hadn't watchedC.didn't watchD.wouldn't have watched 16.The foreign friend speaks Chinese so well as if he _ a Chinese. A.isB.beC.should beD.was 17.If he _, he_ that food. Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A

49、.was warned; would not takeB.would be warned; had not takenC.had been warned;would not have takenD.would have been warned; had not taken 18.Without electronic computers, much of today's advanced technology _ achieved. A.will not beB.would not beC.would not have beenD.cannot have been 二、用括號中

50、所給動詞的適當形式填空:(共10小題,每題2分) 1.If you _ (arrive) ten minutes earlier, you could have seen them off. 2.It's time that we _ (go) to the railway station. 3.If they_ (not help) us ,our experiment would have failed. 4.You're five minutes late.I suggested that you _ (come )earlier tomorrow. 5.Mather o

51、ften tells us that it is necessary that we _ (drink) a glass of water after we get up. 6.She insisted that she_ (send) to work in the faraway small town. 7. _ I not _ (forget) his telephone number,I would have rung him. 8.He is busy now. If he _ (be) free, he_ (go) with you. 9.The manager was in his

52、 office then. If he _ (be) here, everything _ (settle) in a minute. 10.Noisy as it was, he went on reading as if nothing _ (happen). 三、完成句子(每空一詞):(共10個空,每空2分) 1.真想不到我們倆會在這里見面. It's strange that we_here. 2.如果沒有參加瑪麗的生日聚會的話,我們彼此就不會認識了. If we hadn't taken part in Mary's birthday party, we_each other. 3.這么近的路,我們應(yīng)該步行到車