語法專練名詞性從句

1、模塊三 語法專練：名詞性從句【考點透視】 在中學(xué)英語中，名詞性從句是復(fù)合句中構(gòu)成和分類最為復(fù)雜的部分。根據(jù)近年來高考英語命題的走向，今后它將仍然是考查的熱點。其主要考點分布在：名詞性從句的語序、名詞性從句的連接詞的辨析、有關(guān)名詞性從句的常見句型等。名詞性從句在句中的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，共有四種：主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連詞有：連接代詞：who，whose，whom，what，which。連接副詞：when，where，why，how。其他連接詞：that，whether，if，as if。 注意： 連接代詞和連接副詞在句中不是疑問詞，因此從句中不用疑問式(即不要倒

2、裝)。 連接代詞和連接副詞在句中充當(dāng)句子成分。連接詞that，whether，if，as if在句中只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)句子成分。（一）主語從句 主語從句在句中作主語，它可以放在主句謂語動詞之前，但是當(dāng)主語從句太長時，同是把它放在句子后部，前面用it作形式主語，如：It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not. 你來還是不來，關(guān)系不大。(whether you will come or not是主語從句，it在句中作形式主語)（二）表語從句 表語從句在句中作表語，位于主句系動詞之后。如： Thats why he was late.

3、 注意：表語從句還可用as if引導(dǎo)。如： She looked as if she was going to cry.（三）賓語從句 賓語從句在句子中作及物動詞或介詞賓語，在使用賓語從句時有以下幾點需要注意： 1時態(tài)呼應(yīng)：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是過去時態(tài)，賓語從句要使用過去時態(tài)的某種形式。 2介詞之后的賓語從句，一般不用if或which連接，要用what或whether。 3whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)動詞之后的賓語從句，二者?？苫Q，但是在正式文體中或從句中有or not時，只用whether，不用if。4注意否定前移：當(dāng)主句是I / We think (或suppose，expect，beli

4、eve，imagine，guess) 時，其后的賓語從句如果是否定的，常常把否定詞not從從句移到主句。比較： I think you are not right. I dont think you are right. I believe they wont win the game.I dont believe they will win the game.（四）同位語從句 同位語從句一般跟在某些表示抽象概念的名詞后面，用以說明名詞所表示的具體內(nèi)容。常跟同位語從句的名詞主要有：idea，news，fact，promise，answer，belief，conditiondoubt，fear，

5、hope，problem，proof，question，reply，report，suggestion，thought，truth等。同位語從句可由that，whether，when，how等連詞引導(dǎo)?！绢}例精析】【例1】 Your ability has never been in doubt the question is _ you are prepared to work hard. （2007啟東中學(xué)3月卷）A. thatB. whetherC. ifD. how【易錯點悟】解答該題的關(guān)鍵是要注意連接詞if 和whether引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的用法區(qū)別?！疽c精析】根據(jù)題干意義“問題是你

6、是否準備努力學(xué)習(xí)”，因此選項A、D不符合句子意思；if在名詞性從句中僅可以連接賓語從句，不可引導(dǎo)其它名詞性從句，故應(yīng)排除?！敬鸢浮緽【例2】The recent information has been put forward_ more high school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. asB. whichC. whileD. that【易錯點悟】解答該題的關(guān)鍵是分析句子意思，推斷從句類型?！疽c精析】該題是主語從句，分析從句意義可知，選項B、C、D連接主語從句時，意義不成立，故應(yīng)選連接詞that，that在此無意義，僅起

7、連接作用。【答案】A【專項檢測】 1. After ten years, she changed a lot and looked different from _ she used to be. A. that B. whomC. what D. who2. Who do you think the doctor will have _ first, John or Kate? A. examine B. to examineC. examining D. examined3. What Re you anxious about? _. A. Whether we can succeed B

8、. If we succeed C. Do we succeed D. That we can succeed4. Everything depends on _ they will support you about it. A. if B. whichC. whether D. that5. Lily has some idea _ shes going to be when she grows up. A. what B. thatC. as D. which6. _ happens to call while I am out of the office, please have hi

9、m leave the message for me. A. Who B. AnyoneC. Someone D. Whoever7. Would you like to have a swim with us in the sea? I will ask my palms _.A. whether they will agree to do B. if they let me go C. if they will let me go D. whether they allow me to8. The reason why I plan to go is _ if I dont. A. bec

10、ause she will be disappointedB. that she will be disappointed C. because she will have a disappointment D. for she will be disappointed9. I rang you at about ten, but there was no reply. Oh, that was probably _ I was seeing a doeth.A. when B. whyC. what D. that10. That is _ I was born and grew up.A.

11、 there B. in whichC. where D. the place11. Please tell me _ you would like to have your coffee black or white? A. what B. whereC. when D. how12. I dont think _ Jenny can come home this weekend.A. if B. whyC. that D. when13. _ get such a book?A. Where do you think can I B. Do you think where can IC.

12、Do you think when I can D. Where do you think I can14. My foot hurts terribly, doctor. Well, I wonder _ it has been like this.A. since when B. since thenC. how D. when15. Do you know _ Mr. Blacks address is? He may live at No. 18 or 19 Bridge Street. Im not sure of _.A. what; which B. where; whichC.

13、 where; what D. what; where16. Those children me wild. I feel sorry for _ has to be their babysitter.A. whoever B. whoC. whomever D. someone17. Do _ you think is right, _ they say. Yes. I_.A. as; what; do B. as; whatever; willC. what; what; can D. what; whatever; will18. Do you know _ the peasants m

14、ake of the fallen fruit?A. how B. how usefulC. what D. what use19. John has got a very good job in the government. _ he looks so happy.A. Its natural B. Thats becauseC. No wonder D. As though20. Do you mind if Jim will come to help? I really dont know _ a person like him can help me with.A. what B t

15、hatC. how D. if21. It was said _ was all _ he said.A. that that; that B. that that whatC. which it; that D. that what; that22. A mans worth lies not so much in _ he has but in _ he is.A. what; who B. what; whatC. that; that D. what; all23. He was so angry at all _ he was doing _ he walked out.A. wha

16、t; that B. that; thatC. that; what D. what; what24. If the south had won the war,_ is now the United States might have been divided into several countries.A. what B. whereC. then D. that25. It was with great courage _ the boy told the truth _ he had stolen the money.A. which; that B. when; what C. a

17、s; that D. that; that26. _ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind.A. What; why B. Which; bowC. That; why D. What; because27. That was_ was first called “India” by Columbus.A. what B. whereC. ale place D. then, where28. It is said that the famous football star is not waling to play for _

18、 would pay him three million dollars a year. A. anyone B. whomeverC. no matter who D. whoever29. Did you hear the news this morning? Oh, yes, _ was announced on the radio has caused great excitement among pupils.A. that B. whatC. something D. all what30. In some countries, _ are called “public schoo

19、ls” are not owned by the public.A. which B. as C. what D. that31. _ happens in the world makes us happy and sad by turns.A. That B. What C. Which D. Whether32. One of the men present held the view _ the book said was fight.A. what that B. whatC. that D. that what33. Living things are dying nut quick

20、ly. First, we should ask _ destroying them in the past years.A. what pad people have been playing B. people have played inC. what part people have played in D. people have been playing what part34. I remember_ the factory owned a small workshop and 2 machines.A. when B. howC. whether D. what35. _ pe

21、ople spend so much money on their pets _ us a lot. A. That; surprises B. What; surprisingC. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised36. Now that you have a job, you must exert yourself in _ you do at work.A. however B. no matter whatC. no matter howD. whatever37. Mary said it was very important to h

22、er that she _ her work.A. is liking B. likeC. likes D. liked38. _ all the inventions have in common is _ they have succeeded. A. What; what B. That; thatC. What; that D. That; what39. The boy dived into the water and after _ seemed to be a long time. he came up again.A. what B. thatC. it D. which40.

23、 It was not until dark _ he found _ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.A. that; what B. that; thatC. when; that D. wheal what41. Professor Lees book will show you _ can be used in other fields. A. that you have obeyed B. how that yon have observe C. how that you have observed D. how

24、 what you have observed42. Scientists believe native Americans arrived by crossing the land bridge that connected Siberia and _ more than 10,000 years ago.A. this is Alaska B. Alaska is nowC. is now Alike D. what is now Alaska43. Mr. Brown said that he was always right, then I discovered, _ was news

25、 to me, to _he was wrong.A. which; because B. which; as C. what; that D. it; that44. Why don't you bring _ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?A. this B. that C. what D. it45. We believe _ you have been devoted to _ naturally of great necessity.A. that; being B. all that; beC. that a

26、ll; are D. what; is46. Having traveled eight hours on end, we finally reached _ is now a big city.A. which B. whatC. where D. it47. She knew nothing about his journey _ he is likely to be away for three months.A. except B. except forC. except mm D. in addition48. All I want to say is _ we need more

27、time.A. this B. itC. that D. which49. His ability has never been in doubt the question is _ he is prepared to work hard.A. whether B. if C. that D. where50. _ they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. A. What B. ThatC. How D. Whether51. Where would you like to go

28、? I don't mind _ I go; I will go _ you want to go. A. where; the place B. where; whereverC. the place; wherever D. wherever; no matter where52. Although _ happened in that developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.A. this B. whatC. how D. it53. I'm

29、wondering _ he expects will win the gold medal in the men's Single.A. who B. whomC. which D what54. What is that building? _ the students have their dancing classes.A. The building that B. ThereC. That's the building which D. That's where55. I don't think that Bob will come here agai

30、n today. Please give the book to _ comes here first.A. whoever B. whomeverC. who D. whom56. We decided, in view of his special circumstances, _ we would admit him for a short period.A. / B. that C. whether D. what57. The doctors are trying to reduce the patients fear _he would die of the disease.A.

31、which B. whenC. that D. if58. It is strange that such a thing _ in your school.A. will happen B. happensC. should happenD. happened59. Is it true _ the rain stops, it will be as hot as in the summer here? (2006啟東4月卷)A. when B. that whenC. whenever D. that60. Nobody believed his reason for being abse

32、nt from the class _ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. （2006重慶卷）A. whyB. thatC. whereD. because61. Please remind me _ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. (2006全國卷I)A. whereB. whenC. howD. what62. Its thirty years since we last met. But I still remember the story, believe it

33、or not, _ we got lost on a rainy night. (2006四川卷)A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when【答案解析】1C。what he /she / it used to be已經(jīng)成為一種習(xí)慣說法，意為“過去的樣子”。what指一種情況，并非指人，所以不可用who/whom。正確答案是C。2D。who可以代替whom在句中作have的賓語。而examined和賓語存在被動關(guān)系，用作賓語補足語。正確答案是D。3A。主句承前省略，答案只保留了賓語從句，這樣不管在意義和結(jié)構(gòu)方面都要和賓語從句一致；由上下文情景可知A選項最佳。4C。depend o

34、n是固定詞組“依靠”，其中介詞on之后的賓語從句只可用whether引導(dǎo)。5A。idea是從句前面的先行名詞；what引導(dǎo)同位語從句，在從句中作賓語。很明顯從句部分是對前面先行名詞的具體內(nèi)容的進一步說明。正確答案是A。6D。whoever表示“無論是誰”。正確答案是D。7C。本題考點是賓語從句。go是第一次出現(xiàn)，不可省略；是“父母親讓我去(let me go)”才合題意。正確答案是C。8B。the reason后面的表語從句中應(yīng)用that而不是because引導(dǎo)。正確答案是B。9A。題意：“你十點鐘打電話時”正是“我看醫(yī)生之時”。在題干中用作表語從句。10C。where引導(dǎo)表語從句，B項不能引

35、導(dǎo)表語從句，其他選項意思與題干不符。11D。加牛奶的咖啡為white coffee，所以black or white表示方式，這樣以說明說話人想要表達的準確意義。正確答案是D。12C。本題考查賓語從句。Jenny can come home this weekend是個完整的句子，因此引導(dǎo)詞用that。 13D。do you think為插入語，在含有插入語的句子中，謂語動詞用陳述句語序。正確答案是D。14A。句意所缺部分表示“自從何時起”。when引導(dǎo)的部分說明的是一個時間點。15A。What's one's address?是表示問某人地址的交際語，不可用when。whic

36、h描指代十八或十九中的一個。16A。所缺引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句且作has的主語。因此要使用主格，在從句中充當(dāng)主語。17D。you think為插入語；whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；I will表示將來的動作。正確答案是D。18D。make use of 中的use被當(dāng)作了先行詞。正確答案是D。19C。no wonder表示“難怪；怪不得”。后面的部分用作同位語從句。20A。本題考點是賓語從句。其中help sb. with sth.用法中的賓語由what充當(dāng)。21A。本題考查 it + be + v-ed +that-從句。第一個空中的第二個that表示“那”，第二空中的that引導(dǎo)定語從句修

37、飾all。正確答案是A。22B。he has和he is后分別需要賓語和表語，what引導(dǎo)從句。正確答案是B。23B。第一空中由that引導(dǎo)定語從句，第二空后是so . that.引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句。24A。what引導(dǎo)土語從句，吐在主句中用作主語。25D。第一空引導(dǎo)強調(diào)句，后一空引導(dǎo)同位語從句，其先行名詞是truth，說明其具體內(nèi)容。26A。what引導(dǎo)主語從句，且作understand的賓語，后一空表示原因。27A。本題考查主語從句。what引導(dǎo)主語從句，且作was called的主語。28，D。whoever引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且作would pay的主語。29B。what引導(dǎo)主語從句，且作主

38、語。30C。what引導(dǎo)主語從句，并在主語從句中作主語。句意為“在許多國家，所謂的公立學(xué)校并非公眾所有”。31B。that引導(dǎo)主語從句只起連接作用，在從句中不作任何成分，無意義，但不能省略。what除引導(dǎo)主語外，還在從句中作成分。which指一定范圍內(nèi)的“哪一個”；whether意為“是否”。根據(jù)句意“世上的事喜憂交替”可知答案為B。32D。that引導(dǎo)同位語從句：what the book said是同位語從句中的主語。正確答案是D。33C。賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述語序，play a part in意為“(在中)扮演角色，(在中)起作用”。34A。該屬考查when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。句意為“我記得曾經(jīng)這

39、個工廠只有一個小車間和兩臺機器”，只有when指時間。35A。第一空考查主語從句，主謂賓齊全，要用that引導(dǎo)，第二空考查謂語動詞，用單數(shù)形式。36D。在介詞的賓語從句中作do的賓語，要用what或whoever。37B。在It is important/necessary that .句型中，it是形式主語，其后的從句是主語從句；主語從句要用虛擬語氣，should可省略。直接用動詞原形。38C。第一空考查主語從句中what充當(dāng)have的賓語，第二空考查表語從句，不缺成分，that不可省。39A。在after之后的賓語從句中缺主語要用what，而不用it，表示the period/time that，意為“在那看似很