小學英語語法總結及練習

1、小學英語語法總結及練習一、名詞復數規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch結尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“輔音字母y”結尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”結尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives，leafleaves5不規(guī)則名詞復數：man-men, woman-women, police

2、man-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,child-children，foot-feet,tooth-teethfish-fish, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese寫出下列各詞的復數I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_foot_book_dress _tooth_sheep _box_strawberry _peach_sandwich _dish_bus_man_woman_

3、二、一般現在時一般現在時基本用法介紹：【No. 1】一般現在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。2.表示經常性或習慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我天天六點起床。3.表示客觀現實。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉。一般現在時的構成：1. be動詞：主語be(am,is,are)其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。2.行為動詞：主語行為動詞(其它)。如：We study English.我們學習英語。當主語為第三人稱單數(he, she,it)時，要在

4、動詞后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語?！綨o. 2】一般現在時的變化1. be動詞的變化。否定句：主語be not其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be主語其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.非凡疑問句：疑問詞一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?2.行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語dont( doesnt ) 動詞原形(其它)。如：Idontlike bread.當主語為第三人稱單數時，要用doesnt構成否定句。如：Hedoesntoften

5、 play.一般疑問句：Do( Does )主語動詞原形其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當主語為第三人稱單數時，要用does構成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.動詞s的變化規(guī)則:1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-

6、goes3以“輔音字母y”結尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：study-studies一般現在時用法專練:一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數drink _go _stay _make _look _have_pass_carry _come_watch_plant_fly _study_brush_do_teach_wash_二、用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go)

7、 to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.

8、12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(

9、have) eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be) it today?Its Saturday三、現在進行時1現在進行時表示現在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內的活動或現階段正在進行的動作。2現在進行時的肯定句基本結構為：be動詞ing.3現在進行時的否定句在be后加not。4現在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調到句首。5現在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結構為：特殊疑問詞+be+主語+動詞ing?但疑問詞當主語時其結構為：特殊疑問詞+be+動詞ing?動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結尾

10、，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3假如末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping現在進行時專項練習：一、寫出下列動詞的現在分詞：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a pi

11、cture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen

12、 ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .四、將來時理論及練習1、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或預備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon,the day after tomorrow（后天）等。2、基本結構：be going to do； will do.3、否定句：在be動詞（am, is, are）后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成wont。例如

13、：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.4、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.練習填空：1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.我們將要學習英語We _ _ _ learn Eng

14、lish.We _ learn English.五、一般過去時1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連般過去時也表示過去經?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作。2Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasnt）are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=werent）3句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句：didnt動詞原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：work-worked , cook-cooked2結尾是e加d，如：liveli

15、ved3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加如：stop-stopped4以“輔音字母y”結尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不規(guī)則動詞過去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went,come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put,read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, sw

16、im-swam, sit-sat過去時練習寫出下列動詞的過去式isam_plant_are _do _drink_play_go_make _does_dance_worry_ask _taste_eat_put _pass_kick_Be動詞的過去時練習（1）1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. Th

17、ere _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.9. I _ an English teacher now.10. She _ happy yesterday.11. They _ glad to see each other last month.行為動詞的過去時練習（2）1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father

18、_ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning?She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.六、人稱代詞和物主代詞人稱代詞物主代詞主格（句首做主語）賓格（句尾做賓語）形容詞性（名首做主語）名詞性（句尾做賓語）Imemymineyouyouyouryourshehi