初中?？贾髦^一致講解最全總結(jié)

1、初中英語主謂一致?？家?、主謂一致：指謂語動詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致,主謂一致必須遵循三原那么： 語法一致原那么,意義一致原那么,就近一致原那么.1. 語法一致：指主語是啊形式,謂語動詞用單數(shù)件;主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式,謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)形式.例如：Maria is a successful singer . 瑪利亞是一個成功的歌唱家.They often play football on the playground.他們經(jīng)常在操場上踢足球.2. 意義一致：指主語形式上為咽但意義為復(fù)數(shù),因此謂語動詞用復(fù)即式；或主語形式上為棗但表示單數(shù)意義,這是謂語動詞用單數(shù)野.例如：My family are havi

2、ng lunch now.我們一家人現(xiàn)在正吃午飯.Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.這本書20美元太貴了.3. 就近一致：指謂語擊島用單數(shù)形式還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式,取決于最靠近它的主語.例如: There i pen and some books on the desk.課桌上有支鋼筆和些書.Not only the students but also their English teacher likes playing football.不僅老師喜歡踢足球,而且他的學(xué)生也喜歡踢足球.二、?？碱}型.*以下是謂語動詞用 單數(shù)的情況:1. 不可數(shù)

3、名詞作主語時,謂語用 單數(shù)形式.例如：Some water is田the bottle.一些水在瓶子里.2. many a+單數(shù)名詞作主語,意義雖為許多,但謂語要用單數(shù)形式.例如：Many a student hs been to Shanghai.許多學(xué)生到過上海.3. more than one+ 單數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語用 單數(shù).例如：More than one student ha* ev§r been to Beijing.不止一個學(xué)生曾經(jīng)去過北京.4. 表示時間,價格,重量,數(shù)目,長度,數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算等的詞或短語作主語時,這些通常作一個整體概念, 謂語用單數(shù)形式.例如：Two mo

4、nths isa long holiday.兩個月是一個長假.Tweney pounds |isn ' so heavy. 2 0 英鎊并不太重.Ten miles isn a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很長的距離.Five minus four is e.5 減 4 等于 1.5. 主語是each/every+單數(shù)名詞+and(each/every)+ 單數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞用單數(shù).例如：Each boy and each girl hag got a seat.每個男孩和女孩都有一個座位.Every man and every woman is afork.每

5、個男人和女人者E在工作.6. one and a half+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.例如：One and a half hours is enough.一個半小時足夠了.7. 動詞不定式,動名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.例如：To see i掙 believe 眼見為實(shí).Doing eye exercises is od for your eyes.做眼睛保健操對你的眼睛十分有益.8. a/an+單數(shù)名詞+or two作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù).例如：A student or two hgs fa|led the exam.一兩個學(xué)生測試不及格.9. 當(dāng)主語音K分含有 with ,

6、 together with , along with , as well as , besides , except , but, like 等介詞 或介詞短語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.例如：Mike with his father has been to England.邁克同他的父親去過英格蘭.Mike,like his brother,en oys playing football.邁克像他的哥哥一樣喜歡踢足球.10. 不定代詞(也叫復(fù)合不定代詞)somebody,someone,something,anybody,anyone , anything,everybody,everyone

7、,everything,nobody,no one,nothing作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù).例如： 間everyone here today ? 今天大家到齊了嗎Something isrong with him.他有毛病.Nobody s H.沒有人在家.Everyone knows about him每個人都知道他.11. 當(dāng) each,either,neither,another,the other 或跟 of作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù).例如：Neither answer is Correct.兩個答案都不正確.Each of them h#s an English dictionary.

8、他們每人都有一本英語詞典.12. 以一s結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,謂語通常用單數(shù)形式,如 news,maths,physics 等.例如：No news iood news.沒有消息就是好消息.Maths iery popular in our class.在我們班數(shù)學(xué)很受歡迎.13. the+形容詞表示一類人時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示抽象概念時,用單數(shù)形式.例如：The beautiful lives forever.美是永存的.The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad.窮人很快樂,富人去口過得不快樂.*以下是謂語動詞用單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)的情況：

9、14. 由and連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時,一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式,但 and所連接的并列主語是同一個人, 事物,或概念時,謂語動詞用單數(shù).這兩種情況區(qū)分如下：a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and+單數(shù)名詞,指的是同一個人或物；a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and+a/the+單數(shù)名詞,指兩個人或物.例如：The writer and teacher is切川訥9.那位作家兼教師來了.作家和教師指同一個人 The writer and the teacher are | coming.作家和老師來了.作家和老師是兩個人 15. people,police 等集體名詞作主語,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；family,class

10、,group,team等集體名詞作主語,假設(shè)指一個整體 時,謂語動詞用 單數(shù)形式,假設(shè)指一個具體成員 時,謂語動詞 復(fù)數(shù)形式.例如：People here afeyery friendly.這兒的人很友好.people指這兒的很多人My family all like patching TV.我們一家人都喜歡看電視. family all指一家人都His family isn ' large.他家的人不多.family指他的家庭這一個整體16. a number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語動詞用 復(fù)數(shù)；the number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語動詞用 單數(shù).例如：The num

11、ber of the students i.國,eight houndred.我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生數(shù)超過800 人.A number of famous people we5 iUited to party.許多名人都被邀請參加這個聚會.*以下是謂語動詞用 單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)跟表示數(shù)量的詞一致：kind,pair,glass 等17.當(dāng)kind of,pair of, glass of等表示確定數(shù)量的名詞短語修飾主語時,謂語動詞與的單復(fù)數(shù)一致.例如：This pair of shoes is | om s.這雙鞋是湯姆的.There Are tw.glasses of wather on the table

12、.桌上有兩杯水.*以下是謂語動詞用 復(fù)數(shù)或就近原那么:18.由both -and|兩個都嘩接兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用 復(fù)數(shù)形式；但由 or,either - or -區(qū)者或者；不是就是 ,neither - nor-既不. 也不 ,not only -butalso "但而且not but連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時,根據(jù)就近原那么 決定謂語動詞形式.例如：Both his father and his mother are both teachers.他的爸爸和媽媽都是老師.Tom or Jack is Qrong.不是湯姆就是杰克錯了.Either this one or

13、that one is OK-這一個或那一個都行.19.以here , there開頭的句子,假設(shè)主語在兩個或兩個以上,謂語動詞通常與臨近的主語一致.例如：There iR book and three pens on the desk.桌子上有一本書,三只鋼筆.Here gre some books and paper for you.這是給你的書和紙.* * * *注息：表示兩者的 both, either與neither * * * * *either和neither都用來談?wù)搩烧撸篵oth 意為"兩者都", neither 意為"兩者都不.假設(shè)要指三者或三

14、者以上,分別用 any 意為"三者中任何一個, none意為"三者都不等.either意為"兩all 意為“'一1. both,者中任意一個, 者都,比較：He has two sons, both of whom are clever.他有兩個兒子,都很聰明.He has three sons, all of whom are clever.他有三個兒子,都很聰明.He has two sons, either of whom is clever.他有兩個兒子,哪個都很聰明.He has three sons, any of whom is clever

15、.他有三個兒子,哪個者E彳艮聰明.He has two sons, neither of whom is clever. 他有兩個JL子,兩個者E不聰明.He has three sons, none of whom are clever.他有三個兒子,個個都不聰明.either 和 neither 之后1.它們既可用作代詞,也可用作形容詞.用作形容詞時,both后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,而要接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞.如：Both of the brothers are here. / Both brothers are here.兄弟倆都在這兒.Either of the books will do. / Eit

16、her book will do.兩本書中哪一本都行.Neither of the stories is interesting. / Neither story is interesting. 兩個故事者E沒有趣.代詞both, either, neither用作主語時,both之后的謂語動詞總是復(fù)數(shù),either和neither后的謂語動詞通常用單數(shù).3. 這3個詞都可用作連詞,但搭配和意義各不相同.總的說來,要注意它們應(yīng)連接兩個平行對等的句子成分即同為兩個主語、謂語、賓語、狀語等：1both-and表示兩者兼有.如：She was both tired and hungry.她又累又餓.

17、He speaks both English and French.他既說英語又說法語.2either- or表示兩者或兩種可能性中任擇其一.如：I will go on business either this week or next week. 我將在這星期或下星期出差.You can either come by bus or take a taxi.你可以坐公共汽車來,也可以乘出租車來.3neither- nor 表示兩者都否認(rèn).如：Neither Simon nor Sally can swim.西蒙和薩利都不會游泳.He neither knows nor cares what happened.他對發(fā)生的事情不聞不問.以上連詞連接主語時,both-and一般只與復(fù)數(shù)謂語連用,eitheror和neither- nor那么通常根據(jù)就近原那么,要求謂語動詞與最鄰