完整版非限制性定語從句講解及8大考點(diǎn)

1、非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句也是定語從句的一種,在高中語法知識(shí)中它也是非常重要的一項(xiàng) 的,老師們對(duì)于非限定性定語從句的講解也是非常重視的.由于在測試中經(jīng)常會(huì)出 現(xiàn)該從句的講解,下面大家就跟隨小編一起來了解該從句的講解.說到非限定性定語從句的講解,還要分成不同的局部,首先大家要知道就得就是該從句的作用是什么. 其實(shí)它在句子中是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的成分,不會(huì)受到主句的限制,把從句去掉之后,主句仍然是成立的.這也是為什么它會(huì)叫做非限定性定語從句.其次,大家要了解該從句的形式：非限制性定語從句與先行詞以及主句之間的關(guān)系 不甚緊密,因而通常要用逗號(hào)與主句分隔開.例如：Have you seen the fil

2、m Titanic, whose leading actor is world famous?你看過泰坦尼克號(hào)這部電影嗎它的男主演可是世界聞名的.My friend, who has served on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.我有位朋友,他一輩子效勞于國際奧林匹克委員會(huì),下個(gè)月就要退休了.在非限制性定語從句也分成不同的種類,在不同情況下,該從句的使用方法也 是不一樣的,在測試中經(jīng)常會(huì)考察大家對(duì)于該從句不同類型的運(yùn)用.如果大家不能 很好的掌握這些用法,在測試的時(shí)候就一定會(huì)丟

3、分了,下面就是關(guān)于該從句不同類 型的介紹：(1) who弓I導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句Our guide , who was a French Canadian, was an excellent cook.我們的向?qū)?一個(gè) 法裔加拿大人,擅長于烹調(diào).My gardener, who is very pessimistic , says that there will be no apples this year.我 家的園丁非常悲觀,他說今年將不結(jié)蘋果.(2) whom引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句關(guān)系代詞whom用于指人,在句中作動(dòng)詞賓語和介詞賓語,作介詞賓語時(shí),介 詞可位于句末.如：Peter, wh

4、om you met in London, is now back in Paris. 彼得現(xiàn)在回巴黎了,你在倫 敦見過他.Mr Smith , from whom I have learned a lot , is a famous scientist.史密斯先生是 位著名的科學(xué)家,我從他那兒學(xué)了許多東西.(3) whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句whose是關(guān)系代詞 who的所有格形式,在從句中作定語.whose通常指人,也可指動(dòng)物或無生命的事物.如：The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.那位小男孩學(xué)習(xí)很努力,他的父親

5、是位工程師.Above the trees are the mountains whose magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.在樹林的高處是山,其壯麗的景色完全映照在河面上.The play, whosestyle is rigidly formal , is typical of the period.這劇本是那個(gè)時(shí)期的典型作品,風(fēng)格拘 謹(jǐn)刻板.(4) which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句關(guān)系代詞which在非限制性定語從句中所指代和修飾的可以是主句中的名詞、 形容詞、短語、其他從句或整個(gè)主句,在從句中作主語、動(dòng)詞

6、賓語、介詞賓語或表 tH* ° which指代主句中的名詞,被指代的名詞包括表示物、嬰兒或動(dòng)物的名詞、 表示單數(shù)意義的集體名詞以及表示職業(yè)、品格等的名詞.如：These apple trees, which I planted three years ago , have not borne any fruit.這些蘋 果樹是我三年前栽的,還沒有結(jié)過果實(shí).She is an artist, which I am not.她是一位藝術(shù)家,而我不是.Water, which is a clear liquid , has many uses水是一種清澈的液體,有許多用途.The two

7、policemen were completely trusted , which in fact they were. US兩個(gè)警察完 全受到信任,事實(shí)上,也真是如此. which指代主句中的形容詞.如：She was very patient towards the children , which her husband seldom was.她對(duì)孩子 們很耐心,她丈夫卻很少這樣.She is always careless, which we should not be. 她總是馬虎大意,我們可不應(yīng)該 這樣. which指代主句中的某個(gè)從句.如：He said that he had

8、never seen her before, which was not true.他說以前從沒見過她, 這不是真的. which指代整個(gè)主句.如：In the presence of so many people he was little tense, which was understandable.在 那么多人面前他有點(diǎn)緊張,這是可以理解的.He may have acute appendicitis, in which case he will have to be operated on.他可 能得了急性盲腸炎,如果是這樣,他就得動(dòng)手術(shù).When deeply absorbed i

9、n work , which he often was , he would forget all about eating and sleeping.他經(jīng)常聚精會(huì)神地工作,這時(shí)他會(huì)廢寢忘食.(5) when引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句關(guān)系副詞when在非限制性定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語,指代主句中表示時(shí)間的詞 語.如：He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.他將把郊游推遲到 5月1號(hào),那時(shí)他將有空.(6) where引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句關(guān)系副詞where在非限制性定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,指代主句中表示地點(diǎn)的詞 語.如：

10、They went to London , where they lived for six months.他們?nèi)チ藗惗? 在那兒呆了 六個(gè)月的時(shí)間.They reached there yesterday, where a negotiation of sale will be held.他們昨天抵 達(dá)那里,有一個(gè)關(guān)于銷售的談判在那兒舉行.(7) as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句as引出非限定性定語從句時(shí),代替整個(gè)主句,對(duì)其進(jìn)行說明但通常用于像as weallaknow, as it is know, as is know to all, as it is, as is said above, a

11、s always mentioned above, as is usual, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper句式中. as 在非 限定性定語從句中作主語、表語或賓語,且引出的從句位置比較靈活,可位于句首 或句末,也可置于主句中間.通常均由逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開.as有 查如,就像"之意.如：As it known to the United States, Mark Twain is a great American writer. 美國人都 知道,馬克吐溫是一位偉大的美國作家.(as在從句中作主語)He for

12、got to bring his pen with him, as was often the case. 他忘了帶筆, 這是常事.as在從句中作主語He is absorbed in work, as he often was.他正在全神貫注地工作,他過去經(jīng)常這 樣.as在從句中作表語Boy as he was, he was chosen king.他雖是孩子,去哦選為國王.as在從句中作表語as we all know, the earth is round.眾所周知,地球是圓的.as在從句中作賓語The two brothers were satisfied with this dec

13、ision , as was agreed beforehand兩兄弟 對(duì)此決定都滿意,這項(xiàng)決定在事前都已得到他們的同意.as在從句中作主語Taiwan is , as you know, an inseparable part of China.你知道, 臺(tái)灣是中國不可分 割的一局部.as在從句中作賓語8介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句在介詞后引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句.關(guān)系代詞which有時(shí)并不代表主句中某一確定的詞,而是概括整個(gè)主句的意思.介詞的選擇取決于它與先行詞的搭配或與從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的搭配.They were short of sticks to make frames for th

14、e climbing vines , without which the yield would be halved.他們?nèi)贝钇咸鸭艿臈U兒,沒有它們產(chǎn)量會(huì)減少一半.They thanked Tom , without whose support they would not have succeeded.這些令S 居是北京來的,昨天我被介紹同他們熟悉了.9名詞/代詞+of+which / whom "引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句It now has 20 , 000 hectares of land, more than two-thirds of which are under cult

15、ivation.現(xiàn)在它擁有兩萬公頃土地,其中三分之二之多已經(jīng)耕種.Light is the fast thing in the world, the speed of which is 300.000 kilometeThere are 30 chairs in the small hall, most of which are new.大廳里有三十把椅子,絕大局部是新 的.he textile mill has over 8 , 000 workers and staff, eighty per cent of whom are women. 這家紡織廠有8千多職工,女職工占百分之八十.通過

16、對(duì)該從句的講解,大家可以看出,它的種類真的是非常多,不同的詞語引 導(dǎo)的從句用法都是不同的,大家要學(xué)會(huì)區(qū)分不同用法所表示的含義.雖然該從句在 選擇題中考察的非常多,但是大家在閱讀題中也會(huì)看見這樣的從句,所以說,大家 學(xué)習(xí)語法知識(shí)并不只是為了語法的題目,它對(duì)于大家整個(gè)英語水平的提升都是非常 有幫助的.除此之外大家還要注意一些非限制性定語從句引導(dǎo)詞的特殊情況：1. 非限制性定語從句不可用 that引導(dǎo),在非限制性定語從句中用 who作主語/ whom作賓語指人,用which作主語/賓語指物,用whose作定語指人/物. 例如：The famous basketball star, who tried

17、 to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.這位試圖打還擊的著名籃球明星吸引了眾人的關(guān)注.The film, whose director is an old man, is very instructive.這部電影很有教育意義,它的導(dǎo)演是位老人.2. 關(guān)系代詞在非限制性定語從句中作賓語時(shí)不可省略,假設(shè)指人時(shí),只用 whom, 不用who.例如：York, which I visited last year, is a nice old city.我去年訪問過的約克是個(gè)古老而美麗的城市.Please give the book to J

18、essica, whom we met in the hall just now.請(qǐng)把這本書交給杰西卡,就是剛剛我們?cè)诖髲d里遇到的那位.3.非限制性定語從句不可用why引導(dǎo), 需用for which替代why.例如：None of us accepted the reason he explained, for which he was absent.我們沒有一個(gè)人接受他所解釋的缺席的理由.以上的內(nèi)容就是小編給大家總結(jié)的非限制性定語從句的講解,希望能夠在大家 學(xué)習(xí)語法的過程中對(duì)大家有所幫助.任何一個(gè)小的語法在英語測試中都是非常重要 的,常見的語法考察的內(nèi)容 就是單項(xiàng)選擇,完形和改錯(cuò)這幾個(gè)題目,

19、所以對(duì)于語法考察的內(nèi)容所 占的比例也是不小的,所以大家一定要重視.非限制性定語從句的八類考點(diǎn)湖南陳根花考點(diǎn)一考查非限制性定語從句的根本用法非限制性定語從句的根本用法指的是定語從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo),通常置于主句之后,但有時(shí)也置于主句中間或主句之前僅限于as引導(dǎo)的定語從句.如：His best movie, which won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi.他的最正確 影片,就是榮獲幾項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)的那部,是關(guān)于甘地生平的.The train, which takes only two hours to get there, is quic

20、ker than the bus, which ta kes three.坐火車去那兒要比坐汽車快,坐火車只要 2小時(shí),而坐汽車要3小時(shí).Anyway, that evening, which I ' tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Ra chel ' piace.不管怎樣,那個(gè)晚上我最后待在了雷切爾那里,我以后會(huì)告訴你更多那晚的情 況.The house, which was completed in 1856, was famous for its huge marble staircase. 這座房子建于1

21、856年,以巨大的大理石樓梯聞名.People threw coins onto the stage, as was the custom.人們向舞臺(tái)上扔錢幣,這是他 們的習(xí)俗.【真題再現(xiàn)】答案為CA1. It is the third time that she has won the race, has surprised us all. 2021 陜西卷A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what2. By 16:30, was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold. 2021江西卷考點(diǎn)二考

22、查別離型非限制性定語從句所謂別離型非限制性定語從句,指的是引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞與它所引導(dǎo)的定語從句被其他一些詞語如插入語等隔開,從而造成關(guān)系詞與定語從句的別離.如：Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, which, of course, ma de the others envy him.海倫對(duì)她的小兒子要比對(duì)其他的兒子好,這使得其他的兒子很嫉妒他.The higher the interest rate, the greater the financial risk, which, of cours

23、e, cuts both ways.利率越高,金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就越大,這當(dāng)然是個(gè)有利有弊的事.There are those, you know, who, by circumstance, end up homeless.您知道,會(huì)有那 么一些人,由于命運(yùn)捉弄而落得無家可歸.【真題再現(xiàn)】答案為BB 1. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, , for some reason, had withdra wn from all human society. 2021 浙江卷A. whichB. whoC. whereD. whom2. Mary was

24、 much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset. 2021 北京卷A. whoB. whichC. whatD. that考點(diǎn)三考查具有同位關(guān)系的非限制性定語從句所謂“同位型,主要指“用作同位語的不定代詞+of which這類結(jié)構(gòu).其中用作同位語的不定代詞主要包括all, any, each, both, either, neither, none等.如：They produced two reports, neither of which contained any

25、 useful suggestions.他們作 了兩個(gè)報(bào)告,都沒有什么有用的建議.The machines, each of which is perhaps five feet in diameter, are not the largest dev ices in the room.這些機(jī)器每臺(tái)直徑大約5英尺,它們并不是這間屋里最大的設(shè)備.He has a shelf full of things, each of which has associations for him.他的一個(gè)擱架 上擺滿了東西,每一樣都能勾起他許多回憶.He devotes most of hid words t

26、o two topics: money and health, each of which he se emed to lack in equal measure.他用大局部篇幅論述兩個(gè)論題,即金錢和健康,而這兩樣 他都同樣缺乏.【真題再現(xiàn)】答案為CA 1. Maria has written two novels, both of have been made into television. 20 12山東卷A. themB. thatC. whichD. what2. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ea

27、ch of uses it somewhat differently. 2021 浙江卷A. whichB. whatC. themD. those類型四 考查含有整體與局部關(guān)系的非限制性定語從句所謂"局部型",主要指"先行詞這個(gè)整體中的一局部+of which / whom"這類結(jié)構(gòu)其中的of表示整體與局部的關(guān)系.這類結(jié)構(gòu)中的"局部"可以是基數(shù)詞 one, two, thre e, four等,可以是序數(shù)詞 the first, the second, the third等包括the last,可以是分?jǐn)?shù)詞 a third, two

28、 thirds 等,可以是表示數(shù)量意義的不定代詞some, many, half, most, several, afew等,可以是比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)如 the bigger, the biggest等,等等.如：There are two bottles left, one of which is almost finished and the other of which i s not quite.只剩兩瓶,一瓶快喝完了,另一瓶沒完全喝完.I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box.我買了一打雞蛋, 六個(gè)在

29、我失手掉了盒子時(shí)摔碎了.There were a lot of computers at the exhibition, any one of which would have suit ed me perfectly.展覽會(huì)上有很多電腦,無論哪一種都會(huì)非常適合我用.I was given three books on cooking, the first of which I really enjoyed.有人給我三 本關(guān)于烹飪的書,其中的第一本我特別喜歡.注意,"表示整體中一局部的詞語+of which / whom"有時(shí)也可說成"of which / who

30、m +表示整體中一局部的詞語.如：There were 500 passengers, 121 of whom drowned.=There were 500 passengers, of w hom 121 drowned.共有500位乘客,其中有 121人被淹死了.【真題再現(xiàn)】答案為CA1. In our class there are 46 students, half wear glasses. 2021 四川卷A. in whomB. in themC. of whomD. of them2. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people

31、, many of left their villagehomes for a better life in the city. 2021 浙江卷類型五考查含所有關(guān)系的非限制性定語從句所謂"所有型,主要指在"名詞 +of which / whom 這類結(jié)構(gòu)中,介詞of表示所有關(guān)系,如the price of the vase,假假設(shè)在出題語境中the vase用作了先行詞,那么該結(jié)構(gòu)就 會(huì)變?yōu)?the price of which.如:In 1980 he caught a serious illness the effects of which he still suff

32、ers from. 1980 年 他患了到現(xiàn)在對(duì)他仍有影響的重病.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which were saved for o ther purposes.該工廠使用了 65%的原材料,其余的原材料被節(jié)省下來用作其他用途.【真題再現(xiàn)】答案為CD1. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction had taken more than three years. 2021 江西卷A. for whichB. with

33、whichC. of whichD. to which2. The newly builtcaf ,e thewalls of _ are paintedlight green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. 2021 江易卷A. thatB. itC. what類型六 考查“介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句D. which在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句中, 要特別注意正確選用其中的介詞 一一 這個(gè)介詞既可能與先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣有關(guān),也可能與定語從句中的某個(gè)名詞、動(dòng)詞或形容詞等的搭配習(xí)慣有

34、關(guān).如：The Tower of London, in which so many people lost their lives, is now a tourist attr action.在倫敦塔中曾有許多人喪命,它現(xiàn)在是旅游勝地.注意搭配in the Tower of LondonEric received training in computer for one year, after which he found a job in a big company.埃里克接受了為期一年的計(jì)算機(jī)培訓(xùn),這之后他在一家大公司里找到一份工作.注意搭酉己 after he received trai

35、ning in computer for one yearThe Acme Travel Agency, with which our company has been dealing for several year s, has opened four new branches.我們公司與之打了好幾年交道的艾科米旅行社開設(shè)了四 個(gè)新的分社.注意搭配deal with the Acme Travel Agency【真題再現(xiàn)】答案為BD 1.100 C is the temperature which water will boil. 2021 全國卷 IIA. forB. atC. onD.

36、 of2. Care of the soul is a gradual process, even the small details of life should be considered. 2021 湖南卷A. what B. in what C. which D. in which類型七考查關(guān)系代詞作定語的非限制性定語從句能用于名詞前作定語的關(guān)系代詞通常只有兩個(gè) whose和which.它們的區(qū)別是：which用作定語時(shí),其意義相當(dāng)于指示代詞this或that; whose用作定語時(shí),其意義相當(dāng)于物主代詞one' s或所有格結(jié)構(gòu)the of.如：The postman comes at 6.30 in the morning, at which time I am usually fast asle ep.郵遞員早晨6點(diǎn)30分來,這個(gè)時(shí)候我通常還睡著大覺呢. at which time在