電力專業(yè)英語翻譯(第二版)

1、電力專業(yè)英語翻譯（第二版）Adecreaseinthefieldcurrentgivesrisetolagging(inductive)currentinthestator;andincreaseinthefieldcurrentthatoverexcitesthemotorcausesaleading(capacitive)currenttoappearinthestator.勵磁電流減小時，定子電流感性增強；勵磁電流增加使電機過勵時將在定子中產(chǎn)生容性電流。AninductionmachineisanACtwo-windingunitinwhichonlyone(primary,usuall

2、ythestator)windingissuppliedwithanalternatingcurrentataconstantfrequency1fromanexternalsource.感應(yīng)電機是一種具有雙繞組的交流電氣設(shè)備，它只有一個繞組(一次側(cè)，通常是定子)通過外電源輸入固定頻率為1的交變電流。Currenttransformersforprotectionareessentiallysimilartothoseusedfortheoperationofammeters,watthourmetersandotherinstruments.保護用電流互感器基本上同操作用的電流表、電能表和其

3、他儀器類似DGplanningalsoinvolvesarrangingforconnectionoftherenewablepowergeneratorwiththelocalgrid,andforsupportofanylocalelectricloadwhentherenewablesourceisnotavailable.分布式發(fā)電規(guī)劃還包括安排可再生能源發(fā)電機與地方電網(wǎng)相連接，這樣當(dāng)可再生能源不可用時，本地電力負(fù)荷仍能得到支持。Distributedgenerationcanincluderenewablepowergenerationresourcessuchaswind,sola

4、r,orlow-headhydropowerproduction.分布式發(fā)電可以包括可再生發(fā)電資源，例如風(fēng)能、太陽能或低水頭水力發(fā)電。Distributedgeneration,orDG,includestheapplicationofsmallgenerators,typicallyrangingincapacityfrom15kWto10000kW,scatteredthroughoutapowersystem,toprovidetheelectricpowerneededbyelectricalconsumers.分布式發(fā)電包括小型發(fā)電機組的應(yīng)用，容量通常從15kW到10000kW不等，

5、這些機組散布在整個電力系統(tǒng)中，為用戶提供所需的電能。Eachsinglethyristorvalveconsistsofacertainamountofseriesconnectedthyristorswiththeirauxiliarycircuits.晶閘管閥由一定數(shù)量的串聯(lián)晶閘管及其附屬電路組成。Eachsinglevalveintheconverterbridgeisbuiltupwithacertainnumberofseries-connectedIGBTstogetherwiththeirauxiliaryelectronics.換流器橋閥由一定數(shù)量的串聯(lián)IGBT(絕緣柵門極晶體

6、管)及其附屬電路構(gòu)成。Electricpowerisproducedatgeneratingstations(GS)andtransmittedtoconsumersthroughacomplexnetworkofindividualcomponents,includingtransmissionlines,transformers,andswitchingdevices.電能由發(fā)電廠發(fā)出，然后通過由諸如輸電線路、變壓器、開關(guān)設(shè)備這些獨立部件組成的復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)輸送到用戶。However,thesingleseriousproblemencounteredwithEHVvoltagelevelsis

7、theovervoltagesduringswitchingoperations,commonlycalledswitching-surgeovervoltages.然而，超高壓電壓等級面臨的一個嚴(yán)重問題是進行開關(guān)操作時產(chǎn)生的過電壓，通常稱為操作沖擊過電壓。Intheconversionprocesstheconverterconsumesreactivepowerwhichiscompensatedinpartbythefilterbanksandtherestbycapacitorbanks.換流器轉(zhuǎn)換時需要消耗無功，消耗的無功一部分由濾波器組補償，另一部分由電容器組補償。Inductio

8、nmachinesarealsocalled“asynchronous”becausetheiroperatingspeedisslightlylessthansynchronousinthemotormodeandslightlyhigherthansynchronousinthegeneratormode.感應(yīng)電機也稱“異步電機”，這是因為其作為電動機時，(轉(zhuǎn)子)工作速度略小于同步速，作為發(fā)電機時，略高于同步速。Moreoftenthannotinductionmachineshaveathree-phase,symmetrical(balanced),heteropolarwinding

9、onthestatorandathree(orpoly-)phase,symmetricalheteropolarwindingontherotor.感應(yīng)電機的定子和轉(zhuǎn)子上通常具有三相對稱異極性的繞組。Mosttypesofdistributedgeneratorsutilizetraditionalpowergenerationparadigmsdiesel,combustionturbine,combinedcycleturbine,low-headhydro,orotherrotatingmachinery.大多數(shù)類型的分布式發(fā)電機都利用像柴油機(狄賽爾機)、燃氣輪機、聯(lián)合循環(huán)汽輪機、低

10、水頭水力發(fā)電或者其他旋轉(zhuǎn)機械這樣的傳統(tǒng)發(fā)電模式。Primemoversconverttheprimarysourcesofenergy(fossil,nuclear,andhydraulic)tomechanicalenergythatis,inturn,convertedtoelectricalenergybysynchronousgenerators.原動機將一次能源(化石能源、核能、水能)轉(zhuǎn)換為機械能，然后，再由同步發(fā)電機轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殡娔?。Thecoordinationofinsulationmustnowbebasedonswitchingimpulselevels(SIL)andnoton

11、lightningimpulselevelsonly.現(xiàn)在，絕緣配合不僅僅要取決于雷電沖擊等級了，還必須考慮到操作沖擊等級。ThefundamentalprogressthatoccursinaHVDCsystemistheconversionofelectricalcurrentfromACtoDC(rectifier)atthetransmittingend,andfromDCtoAC(inverter)atthereceivingend.高壓直流輸電的基本過程是，在線路的送端，交流轉(zhuǎn)換成直流(整流)，在線路的受端，直流轉(zhuǎn)換成交流(逆變)。Themainadvantageofasynchr

12、onousmotoristhatitcanoperateonaleadingcurrent,i.e.itcanactasacapacitiveloadforthepowerline.同步電機的主要優(yōu)點是它可以發(fā)出感性電流，即它可以作為電力線的容性負(fù)載。ThesynchronouscapacitorisasynchronousmachinerunningwithoutloadanddesignedtoimprovethepowerfactoroftheACsystem.同步電容器是一種空載電氣設(shè)備，其作用是提高交流系統(tǒng)的功率因數(shù)。Theuseofseriescapacitorstoincreas

13、epower-handlingcapacityhasbroughtitsownproblemssuchasincreasedcurrentdensity,temperatureriseofconductors,increasedshort-circuitcurrentandsubsynchronousresonance.使用串聯(lián)電容器提高功率處理容量的方法也存在問題，如導(dǎo)致電流密度增加，導(dǎo)體溫度上升，短路電流變大，次同步諧振增大。Thismeasurementwouldbedangerousandexpensive,andindeedimpossible,toachieveiftheactualloadandfaultcurrents,oftenverylarge,andataveryhighvol