計算機(jī)英語課后練習(xí)題答案

1、計算機(jī)英語課后練習(xí)題答案Chapter 11.1T T F F F1. G 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. E 6. I 7. H 8. F 9. B 10. J1. hardware 2. digital 3. executes 4. software 5. modified 6. Firmware 7. users8. disc 9. computers1.Inputs are the signals or data received by the system, and outputs are the signals or data sent from it. 輸入是系統(tǒng)所收到的信號

2、或數(shù)據(jù)，輸出是系統(tǒng)所發(fā)出的信號或數(shù)據(jù)。2.Keyboards and mouses are considered input devices of a computer, while monitors and printers are considered output devices of a computer. 鍵盤和鼠標(biāo)被認(rèn)為是計算機(jī)的輸入裝置，而顯示器和打印機(jī)被認(rèn)為是計算機(jī)的輸出裝置。3.Devices for communication between computers, such as modems and network cards, typically serve for b

3、oth input and output.計算機(jī)之間的通訊裝置，例如調(diào)制解調(diào)器和網(wǎng)卡，通常起輸入和輸出作用。4.The printer takes the information on your screen and transfers it to paper or a hard copy.打印機(jī)接收您屏幕上的信息并將其轉(zhuǎn)移到紙張或硬拷貝上。5.A modem is used to translate information transferred through telephone lines or cable.調(diào)制解調(diào)器是用來轉(zhuǎn)換通過電話線或電纜傳輸?shù)男畔ⅰ?.2F T T T T 1.

4、F 2. C 3. E 4. G 5. I 6. J 7. B 8. A 9. H 10. D1. mainboard 2. MoBo 3. IBM-compatible 4. electrical connections5. peripheral 6. main memory 7. components 8. devices 9. integrate1.Motherboard is the "body" or mainframe of the computer, through which all other components interface. 主板是計算機(jī)的“身

5、體”或主機(jī)，所有其他組件通過它而連接。2.Central processing unit performs most of the calculations which enable a computer to function, sometimes referred to as the "brain" of the computer.中央處理器執(zhí)行使電腦發(fā)揮作用的大部分的計算，有時被稱為計算機(jī)的“大腦”。3.Computer fan is used to lower the temperature of the computer and the computer case

6、 will generally have several fans to maintain a constant airflow. 計算機(jī)風(fēng)扇是用來降低計算機(jī)的溫度，計算機(jī)機(jī)箱通常有幾個風(fēng)扇保持持續(xù)的空氣流通。4.Random Access Memory is the fast-access memory that is cleared when the computer is powered-down. 隨機(jī)存取存儲器是當(dāng)計算機(jī)關(guān)閉時便清除記憶的快速存取儲器。5. Firmware is loaded from the read only memory (ROM) run from the

7、Basic Input-Output System (BIOS).固件是通過基于基本輸入輸出系統(tǒng)(BIOS)運行的只讀存儲器(ROM)加載。1.3F F F T F1. D 2. G 3. B 4. F 5. A 6. J 7. I 8. E 9. C 10. H1. desktop computer2. tablet 3 operating4. Linux 5. microprocessorspatible7. Microsoft Windows8. applications 9. access1. A computer case is the enclosure that contains

8、 the main components of a computer. 計算機(jī)機(jī)箱是一個包含有計算機(jī)主要組成部分的盒子。2. Cases are usually constructed from steel, aluminium, or plastic, although other materials such as wood, plexiglas have also been used in case designs. 機(jī)箱通常是用鋼鐵，鋁，或塑料制造，雖然其他材料，如木材、樹脂玻璃也被用于機(jī)箱設(shè)計。3. The size and shape of a computer case is u

9、sually determined by the form factor of the motherboard that it is designed to accommodate, since this is the largest and most central component of most computers. 計算機(jī)機(jī)箱的尺寸和形狀通常由被設(shè)計來與之匹配的主板的大小確定，因為主板是大部分計算機(jī)的最大和最核心的組成部分。4. Consequently, personal computer sizes typically specify only the internal dime

10、nsions and layout of the case. 因此，個人電腦的尺寸通常只指內(nèi)部尺寸和機(jī)箱布局。5. Sizes for rack-mounted and blade servers may include precise external dimensions as well, since these cases must themselves fit in specific enclosures.機(jī)架固定式刀片服務(wù)器可能也要包括精確的外部尺寸，由于這些機(jī)箱本身必須安裝在特定的罩子里。1.4T T T F F 1. E 2. G 3. I 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. J

11、 8. D 9. H 10. F1. developer 2. DRAM 3. microprocessor4. business5. industry6. dominant 7. tactics8. PC9. brands1.Intel has become one of the world's most recognizable computer brands following its long-running "Intel Inside" campaign.在長時間進(jìn)行“英特爾在里面”商業(yè)宣傳后，英特爾已經(jīng)成為世界上最易辨認(rèn)的電腦品牌之一。2.Intel p

12、aid half the advertising costs for any ad that used the "Intel Inside" logo.對任何使用"Intel Inside"為標(biāo)識的廣告，英特爾公司都支付一半的費用。3.In June 1994, Intel engineers discovered a flaw in the floating-point math subsection of the Pentium microprocessor.在1994年6月，英特爾的工程師在奔騰微處理器的浮點型數(shù)學(xué)部分發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個缺陷。4.Bad c

13、ompanies are destroyed by crisis, Good companies survive them, Great companies are improved by them.差勁的公司因危機(jī)而毀滅，良好的公司平安渡過危機(jī)，偉大的公司因危機(jī)而改善。5.During this period, Intel undertook two major supporting programs that helped guarantee their processor's success.在此期間，英特爾公司進(jìn)行了兩個重大的支持性項目，以幫助確保他們處理器的成功。Chapte

14、r 22.1T F T F T1. E 2. G 3. J 4. A 5. H 6. B 7. I 8. D 9. C 10. F 1. manages 2. applications 3. application program interface 4. graphical user interface5. multitasking 6. run 7. turn 8. internal 9. output 10. dial-up ports1.Every general-purpose computer must have an operating system to run other p

15、rograms. 通用計算機(jī)必須裝備操作系統(tǒng)以運行其他程序。2.For large systems, the operating system has even greater responsibilities and powers.對于大型系統(tǒng)而言，操作系統(tǒng)具有更大的職責(zé)和權(quán)限。3.The operating system is also responsible for security, ensuring that unauthorized users do not access the system.操作系統(tǒng)也負(fù)責(zé)安全，確保未經(jīng)授權(quán)的用戶不得訪問系統(tǒng)。4.Your choice of a

16、n operating system, therefore, determines to a great extent the applications you can run.因此，操作系統(tǒng)的選擇在很大程度上決定你所能運行的應(yīng)用程序。5.Operating systems provide a software platform on top of which other programs, called application programs, can run.操作系統(tǒng)提供軟件平臺。隨后，被稱為應(yīng)用程序的其它程序方能運行。2.2T T F F T1. E 2. I 3. F 4.A 5.

17、G 6. C 7. J 8. D 9. B 10. H 1. graphic 2. interface 3. visual 4. instant search function 5. locate6. created 7. contains 8. enables 9. search folders 10. icons1. Windows Vista Ultimate is the most expensive edition, but it combines the mobility and business functions of Vista Business with the enter

18、tainment features of Vista Home Premium.Windows Vista旗艦版是最昂貴的版本, 但它將Vista商業(yè)版的靈活性和商業(yè)功能與Vista家庭高級版的娛樂功能揉合起來。2. If your PC has Intel motherboard with high definition Audio support then you can take advantages of some cool features.如果您的個人電腦配有高清晰度音頻支持的英特爾主板，那么你就可以享用這些很酷的功能。3. Vista has security and mobil

19、ity features that you need for work, and all of the entertainment features that you want for fun.Vista擁有你工作所需要的安全性和靈活性，以及你因休閑所需的娛樂功能。4. With so many editions available, it is worthwhile to carefully explore the functions provided by different editions if you intend to upgrade to Windows Vista.既然有如此多

20、的版本供選擇，如果你有意升級Windows Vista，值得細(xì)心研究不同版本所提供的功能。5. Open control panel and in the search box type “optimize visual display” and click the shortcut to see the dialog box.打開控制面板，在搜索框內(nèi)鍵入“優(yōu)化視覺顯示”，然后單擊快捷方式，查看對話框。2.3T F F F T1. C 2. G 3. H 4. J 5. F 6. B 7. I 8. D 9. A 10. E1. distribution 2. runs on 3. exten

21、sive 4. programming tools 5. open source 6. inspection 7. flexible 8. platform 9. system administrator 10. available1. Open source software is often in constant development by volunteer programmers, and new versions of programs are released more often than their commercial, closed source counterpart

22、s.開放源碼軟件常常在義務(wù)程序員們的努力下不斷發(fā)展，其新版程序的發(fā)布比那些與其相對應(yīng)的用于商業(yè)的封閉原始碼軟件更為頻繁。2. Before installing any distribution of Linux on a laptop computer, you should refer to the Linux On Laptops webpage.在筆記本電腦上安裝Linux任何流通版之前，你都應(yīng)當(dāng)參考Linux On Laptops（筆記本電腦安裝Linux指南）網(wǎng)頁。3. Predominantly known for its use in servers, Linux is sup

23、ported by corporations such as Dell, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Oracle Corporation and so on.Linux的名聲主要源于其在服務(wù)器上的使用。Linux得到了如戴爾、惠普、國際商用機(jī)器公司、甲骨文公司等企業(yè)的支持。4. Linux can be installed on a home PC as well as a network server for a fraction of the cost of other companies software packages.Linux除了裝在網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器上外，也可以安裝在

24、家用個人電腦。只需花費相當(dāng)于購買其它公司軟件包錢的一小部分。5. Linux is a modular Unix-like operating system. It derives much of its basic design from principles established in Unix during the 1970s and 1980s.Linux是模塊化的類似Unix的操作系統(tǒng)。它的許多基本設(shè)計源于20世紀(jì)七、八十年代建立于Unix的原理。2.4T F F F T1. H 2. F 3. J 4. I 5. G 6. E 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. B1. sen

25、sation 2. mouse 3. user inputs 4. floppy 5. standards 6. Not only7. lacked 8. over 9. available 10. sentenced1. The basic operating-system commands were in ROM so you could swap your program diskette with one containing data. 操作系統(tǒng)的基本命令在只讀存儲器里，因此你能用數(shù)據(jù)盤交換程序盤。2. Then DOS contained few services. For exa

26、mple, an editor had to know how to control your printer.那時磁盤操作系統(tǒng)提供的服務(wù)少之又少。比如，編輯時，你得知道如何控制你的打印機(jī)。3. Users had to configure peripherals (e.g., modems, ports, and printers) by editing control files, such as autoexec.bat and config.sys. 用戶得通過編輯控制文件，如自動批處理文件和硬件配置文件，來配置外圍設(shè)備（如調(diào)制解調(diào)器、端口、打印機(jī)）。4. The then simpl

27、e software of the day easily fit on a 360-K diskette.當(dāng)時的簡單軟件很適合使用在360K的磁盤上。5. MS-DOS Version 1.0 was essentially CP/M adapted to run on a 16-bit processor.MS-DOS1.0實質(zhì)上是改編后的微機(jī)控制程序，以便使其運行在16位處理器上。Chapter 33.11. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. F1. E 2. D 3. I 4. G 5. H 6. J 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. F1. software 2. appli

28、cation 3. useful 4.entertainment 5. maintain6. host 7. level 8. small 9. network1. Word processors, spreadsheets, and media players are typical examples of software applications文字處理軟件、電子制表軟件和媒體播放器是典型的應(yīng)用軟件。2.User-written software tailors system to meet the specific needs of the users.用戶可編寫軟件調(diào)整系統(tǒng)使其適合用

29、戶的特殊需求。3. Enterprise infrastructure software provides common capabilities needed to support enterprise software system.企業(yè)基礎(chǔ)軟件提供支持企業(yè)軟件系統(tǒng)需要的一般性能。4.Educational software is related to media and entertainment software.教育軟件與媒體和娛樂軟件相關(guān)聯(lián)。5.Product engineering software is used in developing hardware and softw

30、are products.產(chǎn)品工程軟件用于開發(fā)硬件和軟件產(chǎn)品。3.21. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. FG E A H B J I D C Freleased application distributed lagged displayunusual processor typeface WYSIWYG1.Microsoft Word was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix systems. Microsoft Word 于1983年第一次發(fā)布，取名為Xenix系統(tǒng)的“多功能文字處理器”

31、。2.It was version 2.0 of Word, however, that firmly established Microsoft Word as the market leader. 然而Word 2.0版的推出才使得微軟 Word牢固地確立其在市場的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位。3.Word 5.1 for the Macintosh, released in 1992, was a very popular word processor due to its elegance, relative ease of use, and feature set. 1992年為麥金托什計算機(jī)發(fā)布的Wo

32、rd 5.1版本，因其外觀雅致、相對易于使用和有特色的背景而成為流行一時的文字處理器。4.The first, code-named Pyramid, had been an attempt to completely rewrite the existing Word product. 第一個版本代號為金字塔，它嘗試對已有的Word產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行重寫。5. More recent versions of Word have more capabilities than just word processing. 較新的Word版本不僅僅只具有文字進(jìn)行處理的能力。3.3F T F T T1. E 2

33、. D 3. A 4. G 5. H 6. I 7. B 8. F 9. J 10. C1. results 2. numbers 3. display 4. Excel 5. original6. problem 7. specific 8. values 9. public1. Microsoft originally offered a very popular spreadsheet program called Multiplan in 1982.微軟最初曾于1982年在市場上銷售一個叫做“Multiplan”的非常流行的電子制表軟件程序。2. Microsoft Excel 200

34、7 is also called the version of Excel 12 for the Windows platform.微軟Excel 2007也叫做Excel 12版，用于Window平臺。3. Excel provides many user interface tweaks over the earliest electronic spreadsheets, but the essence remains the same as in the original spreadsheet.Excel對最初的電子表格軟件提供了許多用戶界面上的調(diào)整；然而其本質(zhì)依舊與原來的電子表格軟件

35、相同。4. Excel was the first spreadsheet that allowed the user to define the appearance of spreadsheets, such as fonts, character attributes and cell appearance.Excel是第一個允許用戶定義電子表格外觀的電子表格軟件，如：字型，字符屬性和單元外觀等。5. The automation functionality provided by VBA has caused Excel to become a target for macro vir

36、uses.VBA提供的自動化功能使得Excel成為宏病毒攻擊的目標(biāo)。3.4T F F T T 1. C 2. F 3. H 4. E 5. A 6. I 7. J 8. B 9. G 10. D1. chairman 2. architect 3. revolution 4. criticize 5. anticompetitive 6. donating 7. transitioning 8. Foundation 9. Microsoft1. Bill Gates, the worldwide leader in Software, provides the services and so

37、lutions that help people and business realize their full potential.全球軟件領(lǐng)袖比爾蓋茨提供的服務(wù)和解決問題的方法使人們和企業(yè)認(rèn)識到他們的全部潛能。2. Gates continues to serve as Microsofts chairman and as an advisor on key development projects after he transitioned out of a day-to-day role in the company.在把公司的日常事務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)交出來后，蓋茨繼續(xù)擔(dān)任微軟的主席和關(guān)鍵開發(fā)項目的

38、顧問。3. In his junior year, Gates left Harvard University to devote his energies to Microsoft with his childhood friend Paul Allen in 1975. 1975年大學(xué)三年級的蓋茨離開哈佛大學(xué)，與他孩提時的朋友保羅、艾倫一起獻(xiàn)身于微軟的事業(yè)。4.Gates was born in a wealthy family in Seattle, Washington on Oct. 28, 1955.1955年10月28日，蓋茨出身在華盛頓西雅圖市的一個富人家里。5.Gates t

39、ook an interest in programming the GE system in BASIC and was excused from math classes to pursue his interest. He wrote his first computer program on this machine:蓋茨對用BASIC語言為GE系統(tǒng)做程序非常感興趣，為此興趣而放棄數(shù)學(xué)課。他在這臺計算機(jī)寫了第一個計算機(jī)程序。Chapter 44.1F F F T T 1. D 2.F 3. G 4. A 5. J 6. B 7.E 8. C 9. I 10. H1. DBMS 2. c

40、hanged 3. requirements 4. added 5. disruption 6. transaction 7. inquiries 8. design9. performed1.A DBMS is a complex set of software programs that controls the organization, storage, management, and retrieval of data in a database.數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)是一套復(fù)雜的在數(shù)據(jù)庫中控制著數(shù)據(jù)的組織，存儲，管理和檢索的軟件程序。2.DBMSs are categorized acco

41、rding to their data structures or types.數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)根據(jù)他們的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)或類型進(jìn)行分類。3.The four most common types of organizations are the hierarchical, network, relational and object models.四種最常見的組織類型是層次，網(wǎng)絡(luò)，關(guān)系和對象模型。4.Data security prevents unauthorized users from viewing or updating the database.數(shù)據(jù)安全是指防止未經(jīng)授權(quán)用戶查看或更新該數(shù)據(jù)庫

42、。5.Using passwords, users are allowed access to the entire database or subsets.通過使用密碼，用戶被允許接入到整個數(shù)據(jù)庫或它的子集。4.2F T T T T 1. D 2. F 3. A 4. B 5. I 6. E 7. J 8. C 9. H 10. G1. businesses2. data 3. database 4. utilizing 5. Access6. network 7. Client-Server8.used9. product1. Microsoft Office Access is a re

43、lational database management system.微軟辦公Access數(shù)據(jù)庫是一個關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)2. Access can use data stored in Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, or any ODBC-compliant data container.Access可以使用存儲在微軟SQL Server，Oracle，或任何與開放式數(shù)據(jù)庫互接相兼容的數(shù)據(jù)容器的數(shù)據(jù)。3. Skilled software developers and data architects use it to develop application

44、software.熟練的軟件開發(fā)商和數(shù)據(jù)架構(gòu)師用它來開發(fā)應(yīng)用軟件。4. Relatively unskilled programmers can use it to build simple applications.相對非熟練程序員可以使用它來建立簡單的應(yīng)用程序。5. Access supports some object-oriented techniques but falls short of being a fully object-oriented development tool.Access支持某些面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)，但作為一個完全面向?qū)ο蟮拈_發(fā)工具卻有所不足。4.3T F T T

45、F1. I 2. J 3. D 4. A 5. H 6. C 7. B 8. E 9. F 10. G1. console 2. installations 3. perform 4. schedule 5. modify 6. offers 7. database 8. request 9. procedures1. Microsoft SQL Server is a relational database management system produced by Microsoft.微軟SQL Server的是一個由所微軟產(chǎn)生的關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)。2. The main unit of

46、 data storage is a database, which is a collection of tables with typed columns.數(shù)據(jù)存儲的主要單元是一個由數(shù)據(jù)錄入欄目所構(gòu)成的若干個表格所組成的數(shù)據(jù)庫。3. Microsoft SQL Server is an environment used to create computer databases on a Microsoft Windows operating system.微軟SQL Server是一個用來在Microsoft Windows操作系統(tǒng)中建立計算機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)庫的環(huán)境。4. Microsoft SQL

47、 Server can deal with small databases such as a personal list of contacts.微軟SQL Server可以處理小的數(shù)據(jù)庫，如個人的聯(lián)系人清單。5. Microsoft SQL Server can also handle a very large database such as a country's census.微軟SQL Server也可以處理非常大的數(shù)據(jù)庫，如一個國家的普查。4.4T T F F F 1. C 2. J 3. E 4. H 5. B 6. I 7. A 8. D 9. G 10. F1. m

48、ultinational 2. dominate 3. Windows 4. criticism 5. anticompetitive6. antitrust 7. software 8. best-selling 9. suite1. In August 1985, Microsoft and IBM partnered in the development of a different operating system called OS/2.在1985年8月，微軟和IBM在開發(fā)被稱為OS/2操作系統(tǒng)方面結(jié)為合作伙伴關(guān)系。2. In 1989, Microsoft introduced i

49、ts flagship office suite, Microsoft Office.在1989年，微軟推出了其旗艦辦公套件“Microsoft Office”。3. Microsoft released its first retail version of Microsoft Windows, originally a graphical extension for its MS-DOS operating system.微軟發(fā)布了其最初的Microsoft Windows零售版本，該版本本來是MS-DOS操作系統(tǒng)的圖形擴(kuò)展版。4. Several popular Microsoft pr

50、oducts were bought and repackaged. For example, Power Point.微軟的幾種流行產(chǎn)品是采取購買和重新包裝手法。舉例來說“Power Point”便是如此。5. The company is run by a Board of Directors consisting of ten people, made up of mostly company outsiders.該公司是由10人組成的董事會管理，董事會的成員絕大多數(shù)是公司以外的人。Chapter 55.1F T T F T1. J 2. I 3. E 4. H 5. B 6. C 7.

51、 A 8. F 9. G 10. D1. applied mathematics 2. source code 3. programming language 4. modification5. exhibits 6. expertise 7. knowledge 8. engineering discipline 9. differs10. software engineers 1. Another ongoing debate is the extent to which the programming language used in writing programs affects t

52、he form that the final program takes.另一項正在進(jìn)行的爭論關(guān)注的是：編程中所采用的編程語言在何種程度上影響程序最終所采取的形式。2. Assembly language is designed to be easily translated into machine language.匯編語言被設(shè)計得很容易轉(zhuǎn)換成機(jī)器語言。3. Machine language instructions typically use some bits to represent operations, such as addition.機(jī)器語言的指令常用二進(jìn)制比特表示操作符，如

53、加法。4. Like machine language, assembly language requires detailed knowledge of internal computer architecture.象機(jī)器語言一樣，掌握匯編語言需要詳細(xì)了解計算機(jī)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)。5. Computer programming is the craft of writing useful, maintainable, and extensible instructions.計算機(jī)編程是一門編寫有用的可維護(hù)的和可擴(kuò)展的指令的技藝。5.2T F T F T1 E; 2 I; 3 B; 4 C; 5 H;

54、6 G; 7 J; 8 F; 9 A; 10 D; 1. compared to; 2. machine languages; 3. assembly languages; 4. program in; 5. consist of; 6. Lying; 7. removed; 8. Regardless of; 9. convert; 10. interpreting 1. The question of which language is best is one that consumes a lot of time and energy among computer professiona

55、ls.關(guān)于何種編程語言最好的爭論消耗了計算機(jī)專業(yè)人士的大量時間和精力。2. Pascal is very good for writing well-structured and readable programs, but it is not as flexible as the C programming language. Pascal語言非常適合編寫結(jié)構(gòu)好、易讀的程序，但它不及C語言靈活。3. C+ embodies powerful object-oriented features, but it is complex and difficult to learn.C+語言具有強(qiáng)大的

56、面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計的特點，但其復(fù)雜，難以學(xué)習(xí)。4. Machine Language refers to the “ones and zeroes” that digital processors use as instructions.機(jī)器語言是指被數(shù)字處理器當(dāng)作指令的“1和0”。5. The choice of which language to use depends on the type of computer the program is to run on, what sort of program it is, and the expertise of the programmer. 選擇何種語言取決于：運行程序的計算機(jī)類型、程序類型、程序員的技術(shù)