《英語翻譯基礎(chǔ)》樣題參考答案

1、英語翻譯基礎(chǔ)樣題參考答案I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each. (30)1. 亞太經(jīng)貿(mào)合作組織2. 東南亞國家聯(lián)盟3. 首席財務(wù)官4. 消費價格指數(shù)5. 郵政特快專遞 6. 聯(lián)邦調(diào)

2、查局7. 全球定位系統(tǒng) 8. 首次公開募股9. 北大西洋公約組織10. 國際貨幣基金組織11. 最惠國 12. 知識產(chǎn)權(quán)13. 注冊會計師 14. 歐洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟15. 國際原子能機構(gòu)16. mortgage loan17. health-care food 18. the bonded zone 19. bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency 20. (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival 21. tertiary industry; service sector22. a state

3、with an adequate legal system 23. international common practice 24. cash on delivery 25. enterprises running in the red/under deficit 26. downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency 27. conglomeration and merger of enterprises 28. retain the job but suspend the salary 29. special dr

4、awing rights (SDR; SDRs)30. market access II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English (120).英譯漢： 一位內(nèi)科醫(yī)生每次給新病人看病時腦子里

5、就會響起一個刺耳的聲音：我要是診斷錯了該怎么辦？我是個蹩腳的醫(yī)生。當初我是怎么混進醫(yī)學院 的？一位高管失業(yè)了，雖然此前有過25年的輝煌職業(yè)生涯，他還是不斷地告訴自己：我是個失敗者。我沒法贍養(yǎng)家人，以后也都不能夠了。如果這些真實的事例對 你來說非常地熟悉，那么你的頭腦里可能也有那么一個嚴厲的聲音在回蕩。心理學家稱，很多病人都備受苛刻的自我懷疑的折磨包括一些非常成功的人士，他們 認為這正是自己成功的秘訣。 自我懷疑的確能在清晨把你從床上喚起，敦促你快馬加鞭地干活，盡快去完成手頭那本書、那支曲子或是那項發(fā)明。不過對于成功的渴求也許會 為嚴苛的評判及無休止的恐懼所阻撓。無休止的自我批評通常會帶來焦慮，

6、甚至會導(dǎo)致抑郁癥。自我批評也會導(dǎo)致進食失調(diào)、身體機能紊亂，即總是想象自己的身體 有缺陷。很多人在幼年時期便有了自我懷疑的傾向，之后這個聲音便常伴他們左右，成了他們性格的一個部分。心理學家稱，兒童，尤其是那些先天易患抑郁癥的兒 童，可能會內(nèi)化并夸大父母、同輩或社會對自己的期望。有一個說法認為，自我批評其實就是沖自身發(fā)泄怒氣，這類人內(nèi)心充滿了敵對情緒，但是太過憂慮、太沒有 安全感，不敢把這種情緒發(fā)泄出來。還有一些說法則認為，那些責備自己的人是在表達自己的負罪感或羞辱感，或者是下意識里保護自己免遭他人的責備：你不能再 來責備我了，我自己已經(jīng)責備過自己了，用的詞比你還要嚴厲呢。 各種認知行為療法有助于

7、改變給人帶來痛苦的思維模式。經(jīng)常有一些醫(yī)生、律師類的病人，他們相信如果他們對自己沒有那么苛刻，就不會有現(xiàn) 在的成功。心理學家的部分工作內(nèi)容就是打破那種成見，并告訴他們很多時候他們是因為突破自責獲得了成功，而并不是因為自責而成功的。漢譯英： Agriculture is the centerpiece of the Doha Round negotiations. Although both developed and developing countries are faced with pressures, the nature of their difficulties is very d

8、ifferent. Of the 2.6 billion farming population in the world, 2.5 billion reside in the developing countries, and the majority of them are living below poverty lines. Even if some developing countries were willing to embark on the road of trade liberalization, they would have to take into account th

9、e basic livelihood of millions or even billions of their farmers. To expose those poor farmers to further external shocks could trigger disastrous consequences. Should such scenario occur, the lifestyle of the rich countries would be endangered, too. It is therefore sensible to offer duty-free, quot

10、a-free treatment to products from the least developed countries immediately. Developing countries should also be entitled to the concepts of “Special Products” and “Special Safeguard Mechanism”. In the process of promoting world trade liberalization, it is crucial to bear in mind the interests of the majority and to enable them to adapt to the pace of progress. Hence the necessity of providing special and differential treatment to all developing countries. It is advisable to reach consensus during the Hong Kong conference on issues like cotton and others, so that there c