翻譯 課程考核說(shuō)明

1、翻譯 課程考核說(shuō)明該課程是北京電大為本校英語(yǔ)專業(yè)本科生開(kāi)設(shè)的選修課，凡是英語(yǔ)本科專業(yè)的學(xué)生均可選修此課程。該課程在第5學(xué)期開(kāi)設(shè)。課內(nèi)學(xué)時(shí)36個(gè)，3學(xué)分。該課程的教學(xué)目的是通過(guò)了解英漢兩種語(yǔ)言的差異，通過(guò)大量的翻譯實(shí)踐及翻譯范文對(duì)照閱讀，掌握翻譯基本英漢互譯技能，并能學(xué)以致用，處理中等難度的教育、科技、經(jīng)濟(jì)等領(lǐng)域的文獻(xiàn)資料。為以后的工作打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。一、 考核對(duì)象北京廣播電視大學(xué)開(kāi)放教育英語(yǔ)專業(yè)本科教育方向和商務(wù)方向?qū)W生。二、考核方式本課程的考核分采取兩種形式：形成性考核和課程終結(jié)考試。課程總成績(jī)以百分制計(jì)。形成性考核占20%，課程終結(jié)考試占70%。1形成性考核成績(jī) 本課程共有四次作業(yè)，每次作

2、業(yè)卷面成績(jī)?yōu)?00分，四次作業(yè)成績(jī)的平均成績(jī)就是學(xué)生的形成性考核成績(jī)，該成績(jī)占課程考試總評(píng)成績(jī)的20%。 2 課程終結(jié)考試形式為筆試，閉卷。由北京電大命題。卷面分?jǐn)?shù)為100分，考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。試卷分為三大部分：第一部分為習(xí)語(yǔ)、成語(yǔ)的翻譯，占15分，這一部分是對(duì)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的考查。第二部分為句子和段落翻譯，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)翻譯技巧能力的考查，占25分。第三部分為文章翻譯，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)在一定語(yǔ)境下的長(zhǎng)句子及段落的綜合處理能力， 本部分選取2篇文章，每篇文章大約200字，占60分。三、 命題依據(jù) 本課程終結(jié)考試的命題依據(jù)為北京廣播電視大學(xué)開(kāi)放教育英語(yǔ)本科教育方向和翻譯方向的教學(xué)計(jì)劃、課程大綱和課程

3、教材英漢翻譯基礎(chǔ)。四、 評(píng)價(jià)目標(biāo) 本課程主要考查學(xué)生把英語(yǔ)文本轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語(yǔ)文本的能力。學(xué)生應(yīng)掌握英語(yǔ)文化中比較常見(jiàn)的英語(yǔ)習(xí)語(yǔ)、成語(yǔ)的翻譯，應(yīng)該掌握基本的對(duì)詞、句子結(jié)構(gòu)、句子的翻譯技巧，比如：增詞法、減詞法、省譯、轉(zhuǎn)譯法、動(dòng)詞不定式的翻譯方法、動(dòng)名詞的翻譯、長(zhǎng)句子的翻譯等，學(xué)生還應(yīng)掌握在語(yǔ)境下的長(zhǎng)句子及段落的綜合處理能力。五、 命題原則教材內(nèi)內(nèi)容不少于40%，課外材料為60%六、 試卷結(jié)構(gòu)試卷共三項(xiàng)，主要試題形式如下：第一項(xiàng) 習(xí)語(yǔ)、成語(yǔ)翻譯 （英翻漢）15分第二項(xiàng) 句子和段落翻譯 （英翻漢）25分第三項(xiàng) 文章翻譯 2篇 （全部英翻漢）60分七、 考試要求本課程終結(jié)考試為閉卷考試, 考生可以攜帶一本

4、紙質(zhì)的英翻漢詞典。八、復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)信息及樣題關(guān)于具體復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)同學(xué)們期末時(shí)關(guān)注該課程的期末復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)欄目。Sample Test: Part I Put the following English idioms into Chinese. (3 points each, 15 points total )1. to add fuel to the fire 2. to be on thin ice 3. walls have ears4. strike while the iron is hot 5. a drop in the ocean Part II Put the following se

5、ntences and paragraphs into Chinese. (5points each, 25 points total) 1. As students of his, we have all benefited a lot from his great knowledge, experience, wisdom and humor.2. The Chinese are justifiably proud of their economics achievements in recent years.3. The 1967 UN document calls for the se

6、ttlement of the Middle East conflict on the basis of Israelis withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement of Israelis right to exist.4. Stubbornness has always characterized her way of negotiating.5. The president pledged to reform the present political system that sometimes looks

7、as if it were geared more to maintaining the current situation than pushing the country forward.Part III Translate the following two passages into Chinese versions. (60 points) Passage 1 (30 points) PetroleumPetroleum is the largest source of liquid fuel, and, in spite of attempts to develop synthet

8、ic fuels, and the continued use of solid fuels, world consumption of petroleum products is about four times greater now than in 1940. Crude petroleum oil from different oilfields is never exactly identical in composition. Although all petroleum is composed essentially of a number of hydrocarbons, th

9、ey are present in varying proportions in each deposit, and the properties of each deposit have to be evaluated. Samples are subjected to a series of tests in the laboratory, the object of which is largely to determine the correct processing methods to be adopted in each case. Petroleum is not normal

10、ly used today in the crude state. The mixture of oils of which it is composed must be separated out into a number of products such as petrol, aviation spirit, kerosene, diesel oils and lubricants, all of which have special purposes. The main method of separation used in refineries is fractional dist

11、illation, although further processing is normally required to produce marketable petroleum products. The different hydrocarbons present in petroleum have different boiling temperature, and the fractions can therefore be isolated according to their boiling temperature.Passage 2 (30 points) Aseptic pr

12、ocessing 無(wú)菌處理Foods sold commercially must be kept free of dangerous and pathogenic microorganisms throughout their shelf life.Packaging is important for keeping food sterile. Many methods have been used over the years to keep products fresh and appetizing. One of them, aseptic food processing/packag

13、ing, has the potential to be a low-cost alternative to more traditional methods. It can produce a high-quality product using ultra-high temperature processing.Aseptic processing involves filling sterile packages with sterile products and closing or sealing them in a sterile environment. The steriliz

14、ation process exposes food to temperatures greater than 130C （266F）over a short time period based on the type of product. Aseptically packaged food has a long shelf life and requires no refrigeration. Its quality is preserved as it undergoes the high-temperature, short-time process thereby minimizin

15、g nutrient degradation. Another advantage of aseptic processing is that it uses less energy.Successful aseptic systems need:l Equipment or a system to sterilize the product and keep it sterile throughout the process;l Equipment to sterilize and maintain sterilization throughout the packing period.l Constant availability of sterile packages.The steps for aseptic processing/packaging is summarized as:l Sterilizing products before being filled in packages;l Sterilizing the food pac