8AUnit8過去進行時去精講精煉

1、初二英語一對一輔導(dǎo)講義一. 過去進行時過去進行時是表示過去某一時刻或某一時間內(nèi)正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。可以從兩個方面來理解：1. 過去某一時刻正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。Eg .1) They were playing football at ten o' clock yesterday morning2) . My mother was cooking when I got home .3) .1 was washing my clothes at this time yesterday .2. 過去某階段持續(xù)進行的動作What were you doing duri ng the holi

2、day?另外，在復(fù)合句中，若主要動作和背景動作是同時發(fā)生的，那么主從句都可用 過去進行時e. g .Jenny was read ing while Danny was writ ing其結(jié)構(gòu)是助動詞be的過去形式 was/were + v ing .其句式變化仍然要在be上做文章。E. g . We were working in class .We weren ' t working in class Were you working in class?過去進行時常與過去某一特定時間的狀語連用，如 last ni ght， at that time， at noon yesterd

3、ay， last Sun day this time yesterday 等。也有時沒有時間狀語，要通過上下文的暗示來確定用過去進行時Eg. The stude nts all worked hardEvery one knew what he was work ingfor.做題時常見錯誤如下：一、易把be +現(xiàn)在分詞記成be +過去分詞例：He was talked (talk) to his mum at that time .答案: was talking解析：過去進行時與現(xiàn)在進行時結(jié)構(gòu)上的區(qū)別體現(xiàn)在be動詞上。二、丟掉be動詞或忘記把動詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞例：1 I watching(wa

4、tch ) TV when he came in .2 They were play(play) games at 5 : 00 p . m . yesterday .答案:1 was watching2 were playing解析：現(xiàn)在進行時中“ be現(xiàn)在分詞，缺一不可”的規(guī)律也可應(yīng)用于過 去進行時。三、對動詞或動詞詞組提問時丟掉 doing例：We were flying kites at 5: 00 p . m . yesterday . (對劃線部分提問)What were you at 5: 00 p . m . yesterday?答案: What were you doing

5、at 5: 00 p . m . yesterday?解析：現(xiàn)在進行時中“ What doing句式同樣適用于過去進行時。四、易與現(xiàn)在進行時弄混 例：My mother is cooking (cook ) when I got home答案: was cooking解析：這兩種時態(tài)的共同點是都表示動作正在進行 ，但現(xiàn)在進行時前 提是現(xiàn)在，而過去進行時前提是過去，由when I got home 可看出前提 是過去。五、易與一般過去時弄混例：昨晚我在讀一本故事書。I read （ read） a story book yesterday eve ning答案: was reading解析：這兩

6、種時態(tài)的共同點是都用于表示過去發(fā)生的動作。但過去進行時強調(diào)動作正在進行，而一般過去時則表示過去某一時間所發(fā)生的動 作或存在的狀態(tài)，它表示的動作往往已經(jīng)完成。在”說明正在進行，而“I read a story book yesterday eve ning.”的意思是昨晚我讀了一本故事書，言下之意已經(jīng)讀完了。故用過去進行時。另外，在賓語從句中當主句為過去時，從句若是現(xiàn)在進行時，需變成 過去進行時。e. g. He said that he was drawing a cat at noon yesterday二. when while as 的用法一）、根據(jù)從句動作的持續(xù)性來區(qū)分1、主短從長”型

7、：即主句是一個短暫性動作，而從句是一個持續(xù)性動作，此 時三者都可用。女口：Jim hurt his arm while when ， as he was playing tennis. 吉姆打網(wǎng)球時 把手臂扭傷了 。2、“主長從長 ”型：即主句和從句為兩個同時進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)， 且強調(diào)主句動作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)到從句所指的整個時間 ，此時通常要用 while 。I always listen to the radio while I我總是driVin開車一邊聽收音機 。He didn ' t ask me in; he kept me standing at the door while

8、 he read themessage. 他沒有讓我進去 ，他只顧看那張條子 ， 讓我站在門口等著 。但是，若主句和從句所表示的兩個同時進行的動作含有一邊一邊”之意時，則習慣上要用as。女口：He swung his arms as he walked. 他走路時擺動著手臂 。3、“主長從短 ”型：即主句是一個持續(xù)性動作 ，而從句是一個短暫性動作 ，此時可以用 as 或 when ，但不能用 while 。如：It was raining hard when as we arrived. 我們到達時正下著大雨 。二、根據(jù)主句與從句動作是否同時發(fā)生來區(qū)分1、若主句與從句表示的是兩個同時發(fā)生的短暫

9、性動作，含有類似漢語 一就”的意思，英語一般要用 as （也可用 when） 。如：The ice cracked as when I stepped onto it. 我一踩冰就裂了 。要就”正要卻”的意思，英語一般要用as（也可用when）,且此時通常連用 副詞 just 。如：I caught him just when as he was leaving the building. 他正要離開大樓的時 候，我把他截住了 。三、根據(jù)是否具有伴隨變化來區(qū)分 若要表示主句動作伴隨從句動作同時發(fā)展變化 ，有類似漢語 “隨著”的意思，英 語習慣上要用as,而不用when或while。女口：The

10、 room grew colder as the fire burnt down. 隨著爐火逐漸減弱 ，房間越來 越冷。注：若不是引導(dǎo)從句，而是引出一個短語，則用with，不用as。女口：With winter coming on, it' s time to buy warm c隨著e冬.天至U來 ，該買暖和衣裳了 。四、根據(jù)從句動作的規(guī)律性來區(qū)分若暗示一種規(guī)律性，表示 每當?shù)臅r候”，英語一般要用when。女口：It ' scold when it snows. 下雪時天冷 。五、根據(jù)主從句動作的先后順序來區(qū)分若主句與從句所表示的動作不是同時發(fā)生，而是有先后順序時般要用whe

11、n。 如: When he arrives he' II tell us all about the matC他到了 ,他會好好給我們講講那場比賽的情況 。六、根據(jù)是否具有 “趁機 ”意味來區(qū)分1、 若從句所表示的 當?shù)臅r候”具有 趁機”的意味，則通常用while o女口：Strike while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵 。七、根據(jù)是否用作并列連詞來區(qū)分when 可用作并列連詞 ， 表示“這時（突然） ”；while 也可以用作并列連詞 ，表示 而”卻”表示對比）；但as則沒有類似用法。女口：I was just about to go to bed when I

12、heard a knock on the door.我正要睡覺，聽見有人敲門 。One person may like to spend his vacation at the seashore, while another may prefer the mountains.八、根據(jù)所引出的省略句來區(qū)分1 、 as 和 when 之后均可直接跟一個名詞 ，構(gòu)成省略句 ；但是 while 一般不這樣用 。如： As When a boy, he lived in Japan. 他小時候在日本 。2、 when和while之后可接現(xiàn)在分詞、介詞短語、形容詞等構(gòu)成省略句，但as 一般不這樣用 。 如

13、：Whe n While read in g, he fell asleep. 他看書時睡著了 。自主訓(xùn)練：（一）、單選1. Whatfrom three to four yesterday after noon?A have you done B had you done C did you do D were you doing2. T call you yesterday eve ning , but there was no an swer .s home Oh. , I ' m sorry Idinner at my friend'A home B had C was

14、 hav ing D have had3. My motherwhile my fatherTV .A cooked ； was watchingB was cooking ； was watchingC was cooked ； watched D cooked ； watched4 .When I got home , my sonthe music .A am liste ning toB liste ned toC was liste ning to D was liste ning5 .We heard a cry whe n weTV last ni ght.A were watc

15、h ing B would watchC watch D watched6. She asked him whether heback for lunchA come B was coming C came D had come7. Could you tell me whe n?A she is coming B she was coming C will be come D is he coming8 .The teacherwhe n I came into the classroomA is draw ingB draws C has draw nD was draw ing9 The

16、 pizzaby my mother . Would you like to have some?A makes B was mak ingC made D was made10 Nobody no ticed what sheat the mome ntA will do B was doing C has done D had done11 Was it raining hard whe n youthis morning?A left B leaves C was leav ing D would leave參考答案：1 D 2 C 3 B 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 D 9 D

17、 10 B 11 A(二)、填空1 they ( feed ) the animals at 5 : 00 yesterdayafter noon?2 Mrs . Green( not wash ) clothes at this timeyesterday .3 Grandpa(mend ) his clock when I reached home .4 As I (walk) in the park, I saw some children playinggames .參考答案:1 were feeding 2 wasn ' t washing3 was mending 4 wa

18、s walk ing用所給動詞正確行使填空I. 1(have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2. Mary(go) over her less ons from six to seve n last ni ght. Joh n and peter(do) the same thing.3. Whatyou(do) at that time? We(watch) TV.4. Was your father at home yesterday eve ning? Yes ,he was. He(liste n)to the rad

19、io.5. They(not make) a model ship whe n I saw him.6. they(have) a meeti ng at 4 yesterday after noon?No, they. They(clea n) the classroom.7. it(rai n) whe n you left school? Yes, it. (No, it)8. Whatyour father(do) whe n he was your age?9. One day, Edis on(wait) for a train to arrive, and sudde nly a

20、 little boyran to the track( 軌道)to play.10. He asked me if I(go) fishi ng that after noon.II. The three of them were in a hurry because their pla ne(leave) in fivemi nutes.12. I n a letter, joh n told us that he(come) to china n ext mon th.13. Whe n the bell ran g, je nny(wait) in her seat.14. She(m

21、ake) her dress the whole after noon.15. While my father (look) through the eve ning paper, he sudde nlya cry.16. When I (come) in the room, he (see) me, for he (read)someth ing17. Whe n we(arrive) at the village, it(get) dark and it(rain)hard.18. I(know) you(wait) for me here.19. One day a little mo

22、n key(play) in a tall tree. A mother crocodile(鱷魚)(look) for food n ear the bank.20. Whatyour father(do) yesterday eve ning? He (study) at theeve ning school.21. Later his pare nts found that he (sit) on some eggs.22. Whe n he kno cked at the door, my aunt (cook)23. The stude nts(sing) and(da nee) h

23、appily on the playgro und atthat time.24. I (write) a letter when the door bell rang.25. We had no classed at that time. We(pla nt) trees.二改錯1.She is fat but I am thi n.2.It was rai ning while we arrived.3.She sang while he walked.三.選擇最佳答案：1.She thought I was prais ing her child ,_，in fact ，I was sc

24、olding him for his bad behaviors at school.A.what B.while C.so that D.therefore2.I do every single bit of housework my husband Bob just does thedishes now and then.A.while B.since C.when D.as3. We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.A.when B.while C.until D.befor 四填空 ：when while1.

25、 Margo was talking on the phone,her sister walked in.2. we visited the school,the children were playing games.3. Sarah was at the barber's,I was going to class.4. I saw Carlos,he was wearing a green shirt.5. Allen was cleaning his room,the phone rang.6. Rita bought her new dog,it was wearing a l

26、ittle coat.7. He was driving along suddenly a woman appeared.8. Jake was waiting at the door, an old woman called to him.9. He was reading a book suddenly the telephone rang.10. it began to rain, they were playing chess.11. She saw a taxi coming the woman was waiting under the streetlight.12. the al

27、lien was in the museum,I called the police.13. The boy was walking down the street a UFO landed.14. the alien was visiting the museum,the boy called the TV station.15.1 was cleaning my room the fire broke out.16.Linda shouted his n ame,some people looked at her.一. 用動詞的適當形式填空。1. While we(wait) for th

28、e bus, a girl(run) up to us.2. I(teleph one) a frie nd whe n Bob(come) in.3. Jim(jump) on the bus as it(move) away.4. We(test) the new mach ine whe n the electricity(go) off.5. She(not want) to stay in bed while the others(all,work) in the fields.6. While mother(put) Cathy to bed, the door bell(rin

29、g).7. As I(walk) in the park, it(beg in) to rai n.8. Eve n whe n she(be) a child she(already, think) ofbecoming a ballerina ( 芭蕾舞演員).9. It was quite late at ni ght. George(read) and Amy(ply)her n eedle whe n they(hear) a knock at the door.10. There(be) a group round the fire whe n they(reach)it. An

30、old woma n(sit) on the ground n ear the kettle; two smallchildre n(lie) n ear her; a don key(be nd) his head over atall girl.I. 1(have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2. Mary(go) over her less ons from six to seve n last ni ght. Joh n and peter(do) the same thing.3. Whatyou(do) at t

31、hat time? We(watch) TV.4. Was your father at home yesterday eve ning? Yes ,he was. He(liste n)to the radio.5. They(not make) a model ship whe n I saw him.6. they(have) a meeti ng at 4 yesterday after noon?No, they. They(clea n) the classroom.7. it(rai n) whe n you left school? Yes, it. (No, it)8. Wh

32、atyour father(do) whe n he was your age?9. One day, Edis on(wait) for a train to arrive, and sudde nly a little boyran to the track( 軌道)to play.10. He asked me if I(go) fishi ng that after noon.II. The three of them were in a hurry because their pla ne(leave) in fivemi nutes.12. I n a letter, joh n

33、told us that he(come) to china n ext mon th.13. Whe n the bell ran g, je nny(wait) in her seat.14. She(make) her dress the whole after noon.15. While my father(look) through the eve ning paper, he sudde nlya cry.二、選擇題。1. Icooked a meal when youme.a. cooked, were ringingb. was cook in g, ra ngc. was

34、cook ing, were ringingd. cooked, rang2. He said heto draw a pla ne on the blackboard at that time.a. triesb. triedc. was tryi ngd. will try3. While sheTV, shea sound outside the room.a. was watchi ng, was heari ngb. watched, was heari ngc. watched, heardd. was watch ing, heard4. Theya football game

35、from 7 to 9 last ni ght.a. were watchi ngb. watchc. watched d. are watch ing5. What bookyouwhe n Iyou at four yesterday after noon?a. did, read, was see ingb. did, read, sawc. were, read ing, sawd. were, read ing, was see ing6. It was Friday eve ning. Mr and Mrs. Gree nready to fly to En gla nd.a. a

36、re gett ingb. get c. were gett ingd. got7. Lei Fengalwaysof others whe n hein the army.a. is, thi nki ng, wasb. was, thi nkin g, isc. did, thi nk, isd.was, thi nking, was8. A girlmy pen fall off the table whe n sheme.a. saw, passed b. was see ing, passed c. was see ing, passed d. was see ing, was pass ing9. Wefor tom at ten last Sun day. He ofte n kept us.a. were wait ing, wait ingb. were wait ing, wait c. waited,