8AUnit8過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)去精講精煉

1、初二英語(yǔ)一對(duì)一輔導(dǎo)講義一. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)是表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作?？梢詮膬蓚€(gè)方面來(lái)理解：1. 過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Eg .1) They were playing football at ten o' clock yesterday morning2) . My mother was cooking when I got home .3) .1 was washing my clothes at this time yesterday .2. 過(guò)去某階段持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作What were you doing duri ng the holi

2、day?另外，在復(fù)合句中，若主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句都可用 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)e. g .Jenny was read ing while Danny was writ ing其結(jié)構(gòu)是助動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去形式 was/were + v ing .其句式變化仍然要在be上做文章。E. g . We were working in class .We weren ' t working in class Were you working in class?過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常與過(guò)去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如 last ni ght， at that time， at noon yesterd

3、ay， last Sun day this time yesterday 等。也有時(shí)沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，要通過(guò)上下文的暗示來(lái)確定用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)Eg. The stude nts all worked hardEvery one knew what he was work ingfor.做題時(shí)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤如下：一、易把be +現(xiàn)在分詞記成be +過(guò)去分詞例：He was talked (talk) to his mum at that time .答案: was talking解析：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)上的區(qū)別體現(xiàn)在be動(dòng)詞上。二、丟掉be動(dòng)詞或忘記把動(dòng)詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞例：1 I watching(wa

4、tch ) TV when he came in .2 They were play(play) games at 5 : 00 p . m . yesterday .答案:1 was watching2 were playing解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中“ be現(xiàn)在分詞，缺一不可”的規(guī)律也可應(yīng)用于過(guò) 去進(jìn)行時(shí)。三、對(duì)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組提問(wèn)時(shí)丟掉 doing例：We were flying kites at 5: 00 p . m . yesterday . (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))What were you at 5: 00 p . m . yesterday?答案: What were you doing

5、at 5: 00 p . m . yesterday?解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中“ What doing句式同樣適用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。四、易與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)弄混 例：My mother is cooking (cook ) when I got home答案: was cooking解析：這兩種時(shí)態(tài)的共同點(diǎn)是都表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行 ，但現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)前 提是現(xiàn)在，而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)前提是過(guò)去，由when I got home 可看出前提 是過(guò)去。五、易與一般過(guò)去時(shí)弄混例：昨晚我在讀一本故事書(shū)。I read （ read） a story book yesterday eve ning答案: was reading解析：這兩

6、種時(shí)態(tài)的共同點(diǎn)是都用于表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。但過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng) 作或存在的狀態(tài)，它表示的動(dòng)作往往已經(jīng)完成。在”說(shuō)明正在進(jìn)行，而“I read a story book yesterday eve ning.”的意思是昨晚我讀了一本故事書(shū)，言下之意已經(jīng)讀完了。故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。另外，在賓語(yǔ)從句中當(dāng)主句為過(guò)去時(shí)，從句若是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，需變成 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。e. g. He said that he was drawing a cat at noon yesterday二. when while as 的用法一）、根據(jù)從句動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性來(lái)區(qū)分1、主短從長(zhǎng)”型

7、：即主句是一個(gè)短暫性動(dòng)作，而從句是一個(gè)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，此 時(shí)三者都可用。女口：Jim hurt his arm while when ， as he was playing tennis. 吉姆打網(wǎng)球時(shí) 把手臂扭傷了 。2、“主長(zhǎng)從長(zhǎng) ”型：即主句和從句為兩個(gè)同時(shí)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)， 且強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)到從句所指的整個(gè)時(shí)間 ，此時(shí)通常要用 while 。I always listen to the radio while I我總是driVin開(kāi)車(chē)一邊聽(tīng)收音機(jī) 。He didn ' t ask me in; he kept me standing at the door while

8、 he read themessage. 他沒(méi)有讓我進(jìn)去 ，他只顧看那張條子 ， 讓我站在門(mén)口等著 。但是，若主句和從句所表示的兩個(gè)同時(shí)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作含有一邊一邊”之意時(shí)，則習(xí)慣上要用as。女口：He swung his arms as he walked. 他走路時(shí)擺動(dòng)著手臂 。3、“主長(zhǎng)從短 ”型：即主句是一個(gè)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作 ，而從句是一個(gè)短暫性動(dòng)作 ，此時(shí)可以用 as 或 when ，但不能用 while 。如：It was raining hard when as we arrived. 我們到達(dá)時(shí)正下著大雨 。二、根據(jù)主句與從句動(dòng)作是否同時(shí)發(fā)生來(lái)區(qū)分1、若主句與從句表示的是兩個(gè)同時(shí)發(fā)生的短暫

9、性動(dòng)作，含有類(lèi)似漢語(yǔ) 一就”的意思，英語(yǔ)一般要用 as （也可用 when） 。如：The ice cracked as when I stepped onto it. 我一踩冰就裂了 。要就”正要卻”的意思，英語(yǔ)一般要用as（也可用when）,且此時(shí)通常連用 副詞 just 。如：I caught him just when as he was leaving the building. 他正要離開(kāi)大樓的時(shí) 候，我把他截住了 。三、根據(jù)是否具有伴隨變化來(lái)區(qū)分 若要表示主句動(dòng)作伴隨從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)展變化 ，有類(lèi)似漢語(yǔ) “隨著”的意思，英 語(yǔ)習(xí)慣上要用as,而不用when或while。女口：The

10、 room grew colder as the fire burnt down. 隨著爐火逐漸減弱 ，房間越來(lái) 越冷。注：若不是引導(dǎo)從句，而是引出一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，則用with，不用as。女口：With winter coming on, it' s time to buy warm c隨著e冬.天至U來(lái) ，該買(mǎi)暖和衣裳了 。四、根據(jù)從句動(dòng)作的規(guī)律性來(lái)區(qū)分若暗示一種規(guī)律性，表示 每當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，英語(yǔ)一般要用when。女口：It ' scold when it snows. 下雪時(shí)天冷 。五、根據(jù)主從句動(dòng)作的先后順序來(lái)區(qū)分若主句與從句所表示的動(dòng)作不是同時(shí)發(fā)生，而是有先后順序時(shí)般要用whe

11、n。 如: When he arrives he' II tell us all about the matC他到了 ,他會(huì)好好給我們講講那場(chǎng)比賽的情況 。六、根據(jù)是否具有 “趁機(jī) ”意味來(lái)區(qū)分1、 若從句所表示的 當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”具有 趁機(jī)”的意味，則通常用while o女口：Strike while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵 。七、根據(jù)是否用作并列連詞來(lái)區(qū)分when 可用作并列連詞 ， 表示“這時(shí)（突然） ”；while 也可以用作并列連詞 ，表示 而”卻”表示對(duì)比）；但as則沒(méi)有類(lèi)似用法。女口：I was just about to go to bed when I

12、heard a knock on the door.我正要睡覺(jué)，聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人敲門(mén) 。One person may like to spend his vacation at the seashore, while another may prefer the mountains.八、根據(jù)所引出的省略句來(lái)區(qū)分1 、 as 和 when 之后均可直接跟一個(gè)名詞 ，構(gòu)成省略句 ；但是 while 一般不這樣用 。如： As When a boy, he lived in Japan. 他小時(shí)候在日本 。2、 when和while之后可接現(xiàn)在分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞等構(gòu)成省略句，但as 一般不這樣用 。 如

13、：Whe n While read in g, he fell asleep. 他看書(shū)時(shí)睡著了 。自主訓(xùn)練：（一）、單選1. Whatfrom three to four yesterday after noon?A have you done B had you done C did you do D were you doing2. T call you yesterday eve ning , but there was no an swer .s home Oh. , I ' m sorry Idinner at my friend'A home B had C was

14、 hav ing D have had3. My motherwhile my fatherTV .A cooked ； was watchingB was cooking ； was watchingC was cooked ； watched D cooked ； watched4 .When I got home , my sonthe music .A am liste ning toB liste ned toC was liste ning to D was liste ning5 .We heard a cry whe n weTV last ni ght.A were watc

15、h ing B would watchC watch D watched6. She asked him whether heback for lunchA come B was coming C came D had come7. Could you tell me whe n?A she is coming B she was coming C will be come D is he coming8 .The teacherwhe n I came into the classroomA is draw ingB draws C has draw nD was draw ing9 The

16、 pizzaby my mother . Would you like to have some?A makes B was mak ingC made D was made10 Nobody no ticed what sheat the mome ntA will do B was doing C has done D had done11 Was it raining hard whe n youthis morning?A left B leaves C was leav ing D would leave參考答案：1 D 2 C 3 B 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 D 9 D

17、 10 B 11 A(二)、填空1 they ( feed ) the animals at 5 : 00 yesterdayafter noon?2 Mrs . Green( not wash ) clothes at this timeyesterday .3 Grandpa(mend ) his clock when I reached home .4 As I (walk) in the park, I saw some children playinggames .參考答案:1 were feeding 2 wasn ' t washing3 was mending 4 wa

18、s walk ing用所給動(dòng)詞正確行使填空I. 1(have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2. Mary(go) over her less ons from six to seve n last ni ght. Joh n and peter(do) the same thing.3. Whatyou(do) at that time? We(watch) TV.4. Was your father at home yesterday eve ning? Yes ,he was. He(liste n)to the rad

19、io.5. They(not make) a model ship whe n I saw him.6. they(have) a meeti ng at 4 yesterday after noon?No, they. They(clea n) the classroom.7. it(rai n) whe n you left school? Yes, it. (No, it)8. Whatyour father(do) whe n he was your age?9. One day, Edis on(wait) for a train to arrive, and sudde nly a

20、 little boyran to the track( 軌道)to play.10. He asked me if I(go) fishi ng that after noon.II. The three of them were in a hurry because their pla ne(leave) in fivemi nutes.12. I n a letter, joh n told us that he(come) to china n ext mon th.13. Whe n the bell ran g, je nny(wait) in her seat.14. She(m

21、ake) her dress the whole after noon.15. While my father (look) through the eve ning paper, he sudde nlya cry.16. When I (come) in the room, he (see) me, for he (read)someth ing17. Whe n we(arrive) at the village, it(get) dark and it(rain)hard.18. I(know) you(wait) for me here.19. One day a little mo

22、n key(play) in a tall tree. A mother crocodile(鱷魚(yú))(look) for food n ear the bank.20. Whatyour father(do) yesterday eve ning? He (study) at theeve ning school.21. Later his pare nts found that he (sit) on some eggs.22. Whe n he kno cked at the door, my aunt (cook)23. The stude nts(sing) and(da nee) h

23、appily on the playgro und atthat time.24. I (write) a letter when the door bell rang.25. We had no classed at that time. We(pla nt) trees.二改錯(cuò)1.She is fat but I am thi n.2.It was rai ning while we arrived.3.She sang while he walked.三.選擇最佳答案：1.She thought I was prais ing her child ,_，in fact ，I was sc

24、olding him for his bad behaviors at school.A.what B.while C.so that D.therefore2.I do every single bit of housework my husband Bob just does thedishes now and then.A.while B.since C.when D.as3. We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.A.when B.while C.until D.befor 四填空 ：when while1.

25、 Margo was talking on the phone,her sister walked in.2. we visited the school,the children were playing games.3. Sarah was at the barber's,I was going to class.4. I saw Carlos,he was wearing a green shirt.5. Allen was cleaning his room,the phone rang.6. Rita bought her new dog,it was wearing a l

26、ittle coat.7. He was driving along suddenly a woman appeared.8. Jake was waiting at the door, an old woman called to him.9. He was reading a book suddenly the telephone rang.10. it began to rain, they were playing chess.11. She saw a taxi coming the woman was waiting under the streetlight.12. the al

27、lien was in the museum,I called the police.13. The boy was walking down the street a UFO landed.14. the alien was visiting the museum,the boy called the TV station.15.1 was cleaning my room the fire broke out.16.Linda shouted his n ame,some people looked at her.一. 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. While we(wait) for th

28、e bus, a girl(run) up to us.2. I(teleph one) a frie nd whe n Bob(come) in.3. Jim(jump) on the bus as it(move) away.4. We(test) the new mach ine whe n the electricity(go) off.5. She(not want) to stay in bed while the others(all,work) in the fields.6. While mother(put) Cathy to bed, the door bell(rin

29、g).7. As I(walk) in the park, it(beg in) to rai n.8. Eve n whe n she(be) a child she(already, think) ofbecoming a ballerina ( 芭蕾舞演員).9. It was quite late at ni ght. George(read) and Amy(ply)her n eedle whe n they(hear) a knock at the door.10. There(be) a group round the fire whe n they(reach)it. An

30、old woma n(sit) on the ground n ear the kettle; two smallchildre n(lie) n ear her; a don key(be nd) his head over atall girl.I. 1(have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2. Mary(go) over her less ons from six to seve n last ni ght. Joh n and peter(do) the same thing.3. Whatyou(do) at t

31、hat time? We(watch) TV.4. Was your father at home yesterday eve ning? Yes ,he was. He(liste n)to the radio.5. They(not make) a model ship whe n I saw him.6. they(have) a meeti ng at 4 yesterday after noon?No, they. They(clea n) the classroom.7. it(rai n) whe n you left school? Yes, it. (No, it)8. Wh

32、atyour father(do) whe n he was your age?9. One day, Edis on(wait) for a train to arrive, and sudde nly a little boyran to the track( 軌道)to play.10. He asked me if I(go) fishi ng that after noon.II. The three of them were in a hurry because their pla ne(leave) in fivemi nutes.12. I n a letter, joh n

33、told us that he(come) to china n ext mon th.13. Whe n the bell ran g, je nny(wait) in her seat.14. She(make) her dress the whole after noon.15. While my father(look) through the eve ning paper, he sudde nlya cry.二、選擇題。1. Icooked a meal when youme.a. cooked, were ringingb. was cook in g, ra ngc. was

34、cook ing, were ringingd. cooked, rang2. He said heto draw a pla ne on the blackboard at that time.a. triesb. triedc. was tryi ngd. will try3. While sheTV, shea sound outside the room.a. was watchi ng, was heari ngb. watched, was heari ngc. watched, heardd. was watch ing, heard4. Theya football game

35、from 7 to 9 last ni ght.a. were watchi ngb. watchc. watched d. are watch ing5. What bookyouwhe n Iyou at four yesterday after noon?a. did, read, was see ingb. did, read, sawc. were, read ing, sawd. were, read ing, was see ing6. It was Friday eve ning. Mr and Mrs. Gree nready to fly to En gla nd.a. a

36、re gett ingb. get c. were gett ingd. got7. Lei Fengalwaysof others whe n hein the army.a. is, thi nki ng, wasb. was, thi nkin g, isc. did, thi nk, isd.was, thi nking, was8. A girlmy pen fall off the table whe n sheme.a. saw, passed b. was see ing, passed c. was see ing, passed d. was see ing, was pass ing9. Wefor tom at ten last Sun day. He ofte n kept us.a. were wait ing, wait ingb. were wait ing, wait c. waited,