【良心出品】unit7動詞與時態(tài)一

1、Name動詞與時態(tài)（一）ScoreI believe I can do it best!我相信我可以做到最好！一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在的一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作、存在的狀態(tài)。例：He often helps me with my English.I like swimmi ng very much.She is in the teachersoffice now.His brother reads En glish every morni ng.（一）一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成謂語動詞的人稱變化：當(dāng)主語是第一人稱、第二人稱或第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)形式時，謂語動詞要用動詞原形。當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式時，謂語動

2、詞用第三單數(shù)形式，即動詞詞尾要加-s 或-es。例:We have four classes in the morning every day.They make p rogress every day.She likes si nging very much.動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式變化可分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種情況。1.規(guī)則變化一般直接在動詞詞尾加-S。例:ask asks/work works/get gets/stay stays以字母s,x,ch,sh或o結(jié)尾的動詞，在詞尾直接加-es。例:watchwatches/wish wishes/fix fixes/do does/go

3、goes/pass p asses以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的動詞，要先變y變i再加-eso例:try tries/study studies/cry cries/fly fliesBond English07s.h.092不規(guī)則變化例：b ishavehas二)一般現(xiàn)在時的句式轉(zhuǎn)換1.當(dāng)句子中有be動詞(am, is, are)或情態(tài)助動詞時，則把be動詞或情態(tài)動詞提到主語的前面變成疑問句，在be動詞或情態(tài)動詞后加not變成否定句。例： She is a student Is she a student ? She isn t a student .I can swim. Can you swim

4、 ?I can t swim .2. 當(dāng)句子中既沒有be動詞，也沒有情態(tài)動詞時，則在主語前加助動詞do/does變成問句，在主語后謂語動詞前加助動詞 do/does not 變成否定句，助動詞后的謂語動詞要變成動 詞原形。例： We get up at 7:00 every morning .Do you get up at 7:00 every morning ?We dont get up at 7:00 every morning ?She has a little brother .Does she have a little brother ? She doesnt have a l

5、ittle brother .三)一般現(xiàn)在時的用法sometimes, often,1表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性或永久性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，通常與副詞 usually, always, every day (year, month), once, twice, three times a day (week, month, year) 表示頻度的時間狀語連用。例： They usually go to school by bike.I take the medici ne three times a day .I get to school at 7:05 every morning .She tel

6、e phones her parents once a week .Mary father is a p olicema n .There are 50 stude nts in my class.She is our maths teacher .My granny likes Beiji ng Opera very much .She can swim very well.2.表示客觀真理、科學(xué)原理、自然現(xiàn)象、現(xiàn)階段存在的客觀事實或格言、諺語等。例：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day .The earth mov

7、es around the sun .The man who has n ever bee n to the Great Wall is not a real man .Tomorrow is Tuesday .3. 用于由 if, unless, as when, as soon as, until, till, after, before, while/whenever, whatever, even if, each time, the moment, every time, no mater how (what, whe J,so long as, oncondition that等詞

8、引導(dǎo)的時間、條件、地點、讓步、方式以及比較等狀語從句中表示將來要發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，其從句多是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，即“主將從現(xiàn)”。例: We will go to the zoo if it is fine tomorrow.She will tell me the n ews as soon as she sees her frie nds .They will go to work at this school whe n they leave college .I come to see you whether he comes or not .We won see each other un

9、til the win ter vocati on comes.4. 表示安排或計劃好的將來的動作，這里的動詞只能是表示移動的動詞，如 go/come/leave/start/arrive/begir等。例: The first class beg ins at 7:30 this eve ning.Persistence is success.堅持就是勝利3The bus starts at 5:30 in the morningThey leave here for Tianjin next Monday.5表示狀態(tài)或感覺的動詞， 如 see, understand, feel, thin

10、k, want, hear, find, have, be, love, like, ho pe, wish等，若它們表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的行為時，多用一般現(xiàn)在時而不用進行時態(tài)。例：I am a teacher now.Now I understand why you didnt come here yesterday.Do you want to buy the cat now ?What do you think of our new teacher ?I love my friends very much.I wish you a good luck .I hope youll be back

11、soon.般過去時一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，這種動作或狀態(tài)可以是經(jīng)常性的、習(xí)慣 性的、也可以是一次性的或偶然性的。例： He often got up late last year,She was a teacher when she was young,We met at the street yesterday.Did you write to your parents last month?一）一般過去時的構(gòu)成在一般過去時態(tài)的句了中，謂語動詞、連系動詞或助動詞要用過去式形式。動詞過去式 的變化有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。1規(guī)則變化 一般在動詞詞尾直接加 -ed 。例: a

12、sk asked/work worked/stay stay edp lay p lay ed/ an swer an swered/wa nt wan ted 在以e結(jié)尾的動詞后直接加-d.例：likef lik ed/live fliv ed/love floveduseused/change f changed/joke f jok ed 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞要變y以i再加-ed 例: studyf studi ed/cry f cri ed/try f tri edcarryf carri ed/dry f dri ed但是以元音字母加y結(jié)尾動詞直接加-ed. 以一個元音字母加一個

13、輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，要先雙寫最后一個輔音字母再加-ed.例: stopf Stopp ed/shop f shopped/drop f droppedplanfplann ed/travel f travell ed（特殊的 r 音節(jié)：preferf preferr ed）2.不規(guī)則變化許多動詞的過去式及過去分詞變化是不規(guī)則變化，而且大部分是常用動詞。不規(guī)則動詞的過去式構(gòu)成也有一點規(guī)律，如 ow變成ew和own, i變成a和u, eep變成ept, ell變成old等等，這要靠仔細(xì)觀察、反復(fù)誦讀和認(rèn)真記憶。例: am/isf wasf beenaref weref bee ngive

14、f gavef give ncomef came come（二）一般過去時的句式轉(zhuǎn)換。1.當(dāng)句子中有be動詞（was, were或情態(tài)助詞的過去式時，則把 be動詞或情態(tài)動詞 提到主語的前面變成疑問句，在 be動詞或情態(tài)動詞后加not變成否定句。例: She was here yesterday.fWas she here yesterday?f She wasn t here yesterday.He could do it. f Could he do it? f He couldn t do it.2.當(dāng)句子中既沒有be動詞，也沒有情態(tài)動詞時，則在主語前加助動詞did變成問句,在主語后謂

15、語動詞前加助動詞 did not變成否定句，助動詞后的謂語動詞要變成動詞原形。Persistence is success.堅持就是勝利5例： We got up at 7:00 yesterday morning.TDid you get up at 7:00 yesterday morning?TWe didn t get up at 7:00 yesterday morning.She had a small box last year.T Did she have a small box last year?T She didn t have a small box laesat ry

16、.三)一般過去時的用法1表示在過去某時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與yesterday, ago, last year(week, month,),i n 1985, just now, on February 28, before, the last day( mon th, week, year ) 等表示過去時間的狀語或時間狀語從句連用。例： We met each other in the street yesterday.Bob was born on May 2,1987.They worked hard all day at home last Sunday.Just now he called you and left a message.I didnthave breakfast this morning.We walked to get her hand in hand.When I was in the college I did morning exercises every day.Tom always got up very early and read book or did homework.They held a sport meeting last Saturday.2.表示過去經(jīng)常性或習(xí)