初中英語任務型閱讀解題技巧

1、初中英語任務型閱讀解題技巧任務型閱讀理解解題技巧考試要求：許多省市中考英語試卷出現(xiàn)了一種綜合閱讀理解題型一一任務型閱讀。任務型閱讀是一種主觀性試題，也有人稱為“讀后做”，要求考生閱讀短文后在理解 的基礎(chǔ)上，通過一定的判斷、推理、歸納總結(jié)，去完成各種任務或者解決某種問 題，這種題型介于閱讀和寫作之間，充分考查學生運用英語完成任務的能力。 考 生需要理解短文并且具備從短文材料中收集有關(guān)的各種信息，然后加工整理輸出 信息的能力。1.任務型閱讀的題型：任務型閱讀主要考查學生收集信息、 整理信息的能力，是對語言綜合應用能 力的考查，考查的題型多樣、命題靈活，可以是翻譯句子，也可以是改寫句子、 還原句子。

2、還可以是填寫表格或回答問題。 命題人對試題的難度也易于掌握， 可 以是單詞拼寫這樣較簡單的題，也可以是同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換等中檔題，還可以有歸納主 題大意、改寫句子等高檔題。近年來各省中考試題中任務型閱讀主要題型如下：1）閱讀選擇配對根據(jù)閱讀材料中所提供的語言信息找出與題意要求相匹配的選項。這種選擇題和四選一的題目不同，選項可能是句子或圖片，形式可能是段落大意的歸納與段落 的連線，但是可能不是一對一連線，一般都給出多余選項?！咀⒁狻恳J真閱讀題干要求，如果是上下旬搭配，要看清楚題目的前半個句子的內(nèi) 容要點，注意句子與短文的聯(lián)系，切不可只看句子的部分內(nèi)容而造成理解上的偏 差，造成配對失誤。要根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容

3、和作者的意圖去搭配、 注意配對后的句子 內(nèi)容完整、與短文的內(nèi)容保持一致。短文的段落主題和段落配對，要抓住短文段 落的要點，要全面理解段落內(nèi)容之間的關(guān)系，不能以偏概全。請看下面例題:takYou mayfeel comfortable with somepeople. You spend an hour with them and feel as if you have known them half a life. These people have something in common. And once we know what it is, we can try to do it ou

4、rselves.How is it done?1 If you follow the skills, you' ll make friends with people quickly.First of all, good talkers are questions.2 One well-knowbusinesswoman says, “At business lunches, I always ask people what they did that morning. It ' s a commonquestion, but it will get things going.

5、 ” From there you can move on to some other questions. And how he answers will let you know how far you can go.3 This point seemsclear, but it isn ' t. Your question shouldhave a point and help to tell what sort of person you are talking to. And to find out, you really have to listen carefully a

6、nd attentively.Real listening at least means some things.4 If someonesticks to one topic, it meanshe' s really interested in it. Real listening also means not just listening to words, but to tones（聲調(diào)）of voice. Ifthe voice sounds boring, then, it ' s time for you to change the subject.Finally

7、, good talkers know well when to say good-bye. Remember to give him a handshake and say, “ I ' ve really enjoyed meeting you. '5 Let people know what you feel, and they maywalk away feelingas if they ' ve known you half their life.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項，使短文 意思通順，內(nèi)容完整，并將其標號填寫在下面題號

8、后的橫線上。A. Almost anyone will answer a question.B. Here are several skills that good talkers have.C. If you want to see that person again, don' t keep it a secret.D. First, it means not to change the subject of the conversation.E. Second, once good talkers have asked questions, they listen to thea

9、nswers.1. 2. 3. 4.5.【答案與解析】1.Bo根據(jù)下文所提供的可以遵循的幾條技巧可知，此處應表示“好的談話者擁 有的技巧”，故選B。2 .A。根據(jù)第三段中的 “ First of all, good talkers ask questions.” 可知,此處表示“幾乎每個人都將回答問題"，故選Ao3 .E。根據(jù)上文“ First of all ”可知，此處列舉了第二規(guī)則，故選E。4 .D。根據(jù)下文中的 “Real listening also meansnot just listening to words,“ 可知，此處表示“首先，它意味著”，故選Do5 .C。根據(jù)

10、下文“Let people know what you feel ”可知，此處表示“不要保守 秘密”，故選C2）閱讀短文填空：根據(jù)短文提供的語言信息，以填寫詞語的方式完成文后各題，其形式主要有 完成句子、補全信息、所給短文的縮寫或制定各種規(guī)則等任務形式。所填的詞或 詞組往往具有很高的概括性和準確性，因此，考生必須認真閱讀材料，盡可能地從 短文中找到所要填寫的詞語或者用其同義詞、近義詞或短語填空、有時甚至反義 詞或短語可能用于與短文中對應句子意思相反的語句中?！咀⒁狻块喿x填空一般是原短文的改寫，所以必須注意原短文的內(nèi)容、情景和一些關(guān) 鍵詞，對照原短文的句子和一些詞匯、短語，然后用同義詞匯、短語來

11、替換。短 文填空要遵循原短文的內(nèi)容和要點，不能脫離原作者的意思亂填空。有一些空在 遵循原短文的前提下，又需要適當發(fā)揮，答案可能不是唯一的。請看下面例題：閱讀下面短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容每空填寫一個單詞。Katie Spotz is a 22-year-old girl form America. She wants to crossthe Atlantic Ocean by boat. If she succeeds, she ' ll be the youngest and the first American to finish the 2500-mile trip.Spotz be

12、gan sailing whenshe was at university, but she has never tried to sail such a long way before. It will be a great challenge for her. Inrecent years, she has swum all the way down the 325-mile Allegheny River and traveled by bike from Seattle to Washington.Spotz knows that she may see some dangerous

13、things during the trip. It will be very dangerous if she meets very bad weather in the middle of the sea. But she believes that she can deal with all the difficulties.“I never thought I could run 26 miles, " she said. “But once I finished it, I realized that maybe I could do something even more

14、 difficult.”Spotz wants to collect moneyby going on this trip. She wants to collect money for an organization called “Blue Planet run ” . The organization offers free, safe drinking water to people who need it.It ' ll take her about three months to finish this trip. Good luck tothis brave girl a

15、nd best wishes to her!The age of Spotzyears oldThe distance of the tripmilesA dangerous thing during thethe (3)weathertrip isThe purpose of the tripto collect(4)for an organizationThe trip will takeAbout (5)_months .【答案與解析】(1) 22(2) 2500(3) bad (4) money(5) 3/three(1)根據(jù)短文第一句 " Katie Spotz is a

16、22-year-old girl form America.可知。(2) 根據(jù)短文第三句 " she' ll be the youngest and the first American to finish the 2500-mile trip. ” 可知。(4)根據(jù)第五段的第二句(3) 根據(jù)第三段第二句 " It will be very dangerous if she meets very bad weather in the middle of the sea ” 可知。She wants to collect money for an organizati

17、on(5)根據(jù)最后一段第一句called “Blue Planet run ” .可知?！癐t ' ll take her about three months to finish this trip. ”可知3)閱讀短文改寫句子這種題型要求在閱讀材料的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)命題要求，改寫文中劃線的句子，或?qū)⑽?中的某一個句子譯成英語或者漢語等。 這一形式涉及到寫，就應當特別注意書寫 規(guī)范、拼寫無誤、語法正確等。5 / 9初中英語任務型閱讀解題技巧【注意】要認真分析短文中劃線句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，注意句子的時態(tài)、語態(tài)，是簡單句 還是復合句，然后根據(jù)要求進行句型改寫。 要注意一些同義詞短語的替換， 為改

18、 寫同義句打好基礎(chǔ)。句子的意思、時態(tài)不能改變，改變的是句子的不同表達方式。 對于一些翻譯要注意英語和漢語的不同表達，切不可按照漢語的思維方式來翻譯。請看下面例題：Whenl was a child, myparents always told me that I should never talk to strangers. This was part of a whole list of things I should never do: never accept food or candy from strangers, never get in a car with strangers,

19、 and so on.But if we didn' t start a conversation with strangers, we' d nevermakenew friends. We d never get a job. Wemaymiss the joy that comes from talking with strangers. And the more people you know, the more chances you can find.The following passage offers you some advice on how to bre

20、ak the ice.Don t just stare at your shoes. Go and say“Hi ” to that new guy.It will be easier to break the ice if you know more about different cultures.British: Beautiful day, isn ' t it?The weather in Britain is changeable. So, it ' s one of the topics the British care most about. And there

21、 ' s a simple rule: Say “Yes” whether you agree with the person ' s idea on the weather or not. That' s because the British start a conversation using the weather so that they can continue their talk.French: Where did you go on holiday?6 / 9初中英語任務型閱讀解題技巧To talk with a French person, the

22、safest way is to ask about his or her last holiday. French students enjoy a 10-to-15-day holiday every two months. French employees( 雇員)get more than six weeks of holidays per year.American: So, where are you from?The US is so big and people move so often that location is always a source(來源)of talk.

23、 You can try to find a connection with the place they ' re from. For example, if someone s from Los Angeles, you could say, "Oh, I have a friend who studied there. ”(1)將文中處劃線句子翻譯成漢語。(2)將文中處劃線短語翻譯成漢語(3)將文中處劃線句子改寫成同義句。That' s because the British start a conversation using the weather thei

24、r talk.(4) What do you usually talk about to start a conversation with a French person?(5) What is the main idea of the passage?【答案與解析】(1)我們可能會錯過與陌生人交流的快樂。miss在此處的意思是“錯誤” ；that引導定語從句修飾joy ; comefrom的意思 是“來自于"；talk with sb. 表示“同某人談話”。(2)打破沉默/打破僵局/開始說話。break the ice 是習慣用法，表示“打破沉默，打破僵局”。(3) 3) to continue/ for continuinguse sth. to do sth尸use sth. for doing sth.用來做(4) I/ Wecan/ usually talk about his/ her (last) holiday./ A holiday./ Holidays.根據(jù) “ To t