初中英語易混淆動詞

1、易混淆動詞辨析1. accept receive 接受(1) accept 接受指當(dāng)事人的態(tài)度，同意或不同意采納(2) receive接到指客觀事實(shí)，不含是否愿意接受的意思Shean invitation but couldn t accept it.He asked Lucy to marry him and shehis proposal( 求婚).2. reach arrive get to 至U達(dá)When did hehome yesterday?Weat the stati on five minu tes late.How do you usually get to school

2、every day?3. borrow lend keep 均可表示 借，但用法不同。(1) borrow 借，是終止性動詞，表示主語借入某物女口 borrow sth from sb 表示從某人處借了某物(2) lend借給是終止性動詞，表示主語借出某物 女口 lend sb. sth或lend sth to sb均 表示把某物借給了某人(3) keep 保存，借是持續(xù)動詞，表示 借入之后長時(shí)間地保存某物如keep sth for + 時(shí)間 表示 已經(jīng)借了多長時(shí)間How long can Ithe book?Ia novel from the school library.Could you

3、me a bike? My bike is broke n.4isten to 與hear均可表示聽，但用法不同(1) listen是不及物動詞，與to構(gòu)成固定搭配，listen to 聽 強(qiáng)調(diào)聽的動作(2) hear聽到，強(qiáng)調(diào)聽到的結(jié)果! What s that noise?I?spent?the?night?records.Suddenly?l?a?stra nge? no ise.Can you speak a little louder- I can tvery well.Did youwhat I said?5. say, speak, talk禾口 tell 均可表示 說，但用法不

4、同(1) say 說，作為及物動詞使用，其后常跟直接引語和間接引語He said he would come toni ght.“ Good ni ght, she said.2speak講話，一般作為不及物動詞使用，有時(shí)作為及物動詞speak+各種語言May I speak to Joh n, please?Do you speak En glish?3 talk談話，是不及物動詞，talk about表示 談?wù)撽P(guān)于 talk to/w表示 和 講話Mr. Thompson is talking with my father in the office now, please wait he

5、re for a moment.What are you talk ing about?4 tell 告訴，講述，是及物動詞，可帶雙賓語和復(fù)合賓語，常用結(jié)構(gòu)，tell sb sth/that從句；tell sb to do sth.The teacher told us an in terest ing story yesterday.She told us that we would have an English exam the next week.Excuse me, could youme where the stati on is ?The teacherwe should han

6、d in our report on Friday.Could youmore slowly, please?We n eed toabout the pla ns for the weeke nds.6. bring，take，carry 均可表示 拿，取，但用法不同。1bring帶來，拿來只把某物和某人從另一個(gè)地方帶到說話的地方來，或者可以說是由遠(yuǎn)及近Bring me you dict ionary tomorrow.2 take帶走指把某物或某人從說話的地方帶到另一個(gè)地方去，也可以說是 由近及遠(yuǎn)，常和介詞to搭配Can you help me take the book to the c

7、lassroom?3carry提；扛，搬，攜帶意思較多，沒有方向性He is carrying water.My sister went to Germa ny on holiday andme back a T-shirt.your coat with you- it s cold.Could youthis bag for me? It s quite heavy.7. dress, put on, wear 禾口 in 均可表示 穿； 但用法不同1dress常見用法有：dress sb和dress sb upodress sb給某人穿衣服dress sb up 打扮某人 The boy

8、dress himself quickly.My mother is dress ing up my brother and they are going to a party.(2) put on穿上，戴上，表示動作After putting on his coat,Jim went out to play with his classmates.(3) wear 穿著，戴著表示狀態(tài)Bob is weari ng a red shirt today.(4) in表示穿著后面加衣服的顏色The man in a black shirt is my father.8ay和lie(1) lay表示

9、 放置；鋪；產(chǎn)(蛋，卵)時(shí)，過去式和過去分詞是不規(guī)那么變化： lay-laid-laid Lay the books dow n and you can go.(2) lie表示 說謊時(shí)，可做及物動詞和不及物動詞，過去式和過去分詞是規(guī)那么變化： lie-lied-liedI can t belieVe lied to me.(3) lie表示 躺，位于時(shí)為不及物動詞，過去式和過去分詞是不規(guī)那么變化：lie-lay-la inI need to lie down for a while.Thirty years ago, the house lay in the southwest corner

10、 of the city.9 .used to do sth, be /get used to doing sth 禾口 be used to do sth(1) used to do sth固定搭配，表示過去常常做某事I used to get up early in the morning.(2) be/ get used to doing sth是固定搭配，表示習(xí)慣做某事，to后的動詞用V-ing形式I get used to gett ing up early now.(3) be used to do sth是被動語態(tài)，表示被用來做什么，use在該短語中表示 使用Wood is us

11、ed to make paper.10. cost, pay, spend,禾口 take 均可表示 花費(fèi)，但用法不同(1) cost 花費(fèi)(金錢)，后面直接跟金錢，但主語是物The book cost me 120 yua n.(2) pay支付詞組pay金錢+for sth表示 為某物花了多少錢，主語是人I paid 25 dollars for the dress.(3) spend 花費(fèi)(時(shí)間和金錢)常用結(jié)構(gòu)“ spend時(shí)間或金錢+on sth或spend +時(shí)間或金錢+(in)doing sth 主語是人Mary spe nt 1,000dollars on the trip to the beach.She spent an hour dressing up her little sister.4take花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢固定結(jié)構(gòu)：It takes各種時(shí)態(tài)+sb+時(shí)間或金錢+to do sthIt took me half a day to get there.They?two?years?(in)?building?this?bridge.This book me a lot of m