托福句子結(jié)構(gòu)語法結(jié)構(gòu)

1、1 Those second-hand pianos are selling like hot cakes, if you want one, you'd better buy one now before they're all gone.sell like hot cakes=sell very well or very quickly2 Whenever I have to make a speech I get butterflies in my stomach.get butterflies in one's stomach=get nervous3 He w

2、ould do anything for his daughter. She was the apple of his eye.be the apple of one's eye=be very precious to sb.4 Lend me $30,please,Tom, I'm broke at the moment.be broke=doesn't have any money5 The accident was caused by a taxi driver jumping the green light. jump the green light=doesn

3、't wait for the traffic lights to change to green6 You didn't think I was serious, did you, Joe! It was a joke! I was pulling your leg, that's all.pull one's leg=tease someone,逗某人玩7 Because the owner wanted a quick sale, the painting went for a song-only$1000.If something "goes

4、for a song" ,it is sold very cheaply8 He caught the last train by the skin of his teeth.By the skin of one's teeth =the person only just caught the last train; heal most missed it.9 There was a shortage of food; so you had to pay through the nose for what you could find.To "pay through

5、 the nose" for something is to pay far more for something than it is really worth10 If he finds out what you did with the company's money, he'll hit the roof.Hit the roof=get very angry11 The sky got very dark and soon the rain began to bucket down.Bucket down = rain very heavily12 They

6、 all chip in for the benefit of Simpson's widow and little child.chip in=contribute money捐獻(xiàn)13 He usuallybuys hisclothesoffthe peg. It'scheaper than goingto a dressmaker.Off the peg clothes =成衣14 Now stop beating about the bush and tell me what happened!beat about the bush=avoid saying direct

7、ly what you mean15 I really must go and lie down for a while ;I've got a splitting headache.splitting headache=painful headache1. Arid regionsin the southwesternUnitedStateshave become increasinglyinvitingplaygrounds for the growing number of recreation seekers who own vehicles such asmotorcycle

8、sor powered trailbikes and indulgein hill-climbingcontestsor incavingnew trails in the desert.美國西部的不毛之地正成為玩耍的地方，對越來越多擁有摩托車或越野單車類車輛的，喜歡放縱于爬坡比賽或開辟新的沙漠通道的尋歡作樂者具有不斷增長的吸引力。2. Stone does delay, and so tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the man who made them have disappeared without tra

9、ce.石頭不會腐爛， 所以以前的 ( 石器 ) 工具能保存下來， 雖然它們的制造者已經(jīng)消失的無影無蹤。3. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection weget from insect-eating animals.昆蟲就將會使我們無法在這個世界上居住 ; 如果我們沒有受到以昆蟲為食的動物的保護(hù)，昆蟲就會吞嚼掉我們所有的莊

10、稼并殺死我們飼養(yǎng)的禽獸。4. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement.確實，他們在探險中遇到了極具威脅性的困難和危險，者想一想都會渾

11、身顫栗。不過他們并不是刻意去追求刺激的。而他們的裝備會讓一個現(xiàn)代登山5. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.老人和年輕人之間只有一個區(qū)別： 年輕人的前面有輝煌的未來， 老年人燦爛的未來卻已在它們身后。這也許就是困難之所在。6. I findyoun

12、g peopleexciting.They have an airof freedom,and they have nota dreary commitment to mean ambitions orlovecomfort.They are not anxious socialclimbers, and they have no devotion to material things.我們?yōu)槟陱?qiáng)人振奮。 他們帶有 fire 的氣息，他們不會為狹隘的野心和貪婪享受而孜孜以求。他們不是焦慮的向上爬的人，他們不會對物質(zhì)性的東西難舍難分。7. I am always amazed when I he

13、ar people saying that sport creates goodwill bet ween the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield.每次我聽說體育運動能夠在國家間建立起友好感情，說世界各地的普通人只要能在足球場或板球場上相遇就會沒有興趣在戰(zhàn)場上相遇的話，我都倍感詫異。8. It is im

14、possible to say simply for the fun and exercise: of prestige arises, as soon as you feel that you and some larger if you lose, the most savage combative instincts are around.as soon as the question unit will be disgraced沒有可能僅僅為了娛樂或鍛煉而運動： 一旦有了問題， 一旦你覺得你輸了你和你所屬團(tuán)體會有失體面時，你最野蠻的好斗本能就會被激發(fā)出來。9. Ithas been f

15、oundthatcertainbats emitsqueaks and by receivingthe echoes,they can locateand steerclearof obstacles-orlocateflyinginsectson whichthey feed. This echo-location in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar.人們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)， 某些蝙蝠發(fā)出尖叫聲并靠接受回響來鎖定和避免障礙物或者找到它們賴以為生的昆蟲。蝙蝠這種回響定位法常拿來和原理與之很相近似的

16、雷達(dá)相比。10. As the time and cost of making a clip drop to a few days and a few hundred dollars, engineers may soon be free to let their imaginations soar without being penalized by expensive failure.隨著芯片制造時間和費用降低到了幾天和幾百美元，工程師們可能很快可以任他們的想象馳騁而不會被昂貴的失敗所懲罰l 句子開頭1. 用分詞開頭a)Overcomeby the grief,Winston tookre

17、fugeat the home offriendsin Scotland.b) Delighted with anything that distracted Winston from the darkthoughts that overwhelmed him, Clementine rushed off to buy whatever paints and materials she could find.2. 用不定式短語開頭a)To help students understand death as the natural end ofa life cycle,theschool int

18、roduces a noncredit course death.b) To meet our energy needs, compete with foreign industry, and maintain our standard of living, we need staggered amounts of new capital.3. 用介詞開頭用 apart from, besides, despite, before, in , for, by, without, with, thanks to等介詞短語開頭，是使句子生動變化的一種手段。a)Despite their menac

19、ing appearance, most reptiles aren t really viciousif you leave them alone.b) With the advent of the internet, our world has shrunk more in a single generation than in the preceding 5000 years.c)Withinthe confinesof the womens liberationistideology,therefore,theabolition of this overriding inequalit

20、y of women becomes the primary goal.d)From the moment we stepped into the People s Republic of China, care andkindness surrounded us on every side.e)Underthe placidsurfaceof lifetherealways was dissatisfiedrestlessnessever since the end of the Allied occupation regime.4. 用抽象名詞開頭a)Theharshnessand hos

21、tilityof our environment,and the hidden,indefinablethreat that is always afloat in the air, oblige us to close ourselves in.b) That tolerance for change also represents deeply rooted ideas of freedom.c) Hope persisted in Marshall because the only alternative was a military solution.d)Publicawareness

22、 ofthe environmenthas createda surge of interestin homegardening and urban horticulture and has led to the increased use of landscaping to modify the functional and aesthetic aspects of the surroundings.5. 用副詞或形容詞開頭a) Back in the 1960s, scholars advised the Americanpublic that automation was making

23、work unnecessary, so the big problem of the future would be how to cope with an overabundance of the free time.b) Basically, such attitude amount to recognitionthat leisure is an important area of life and a belief that leisure can and should be put to good use.c) Shrewd and powerful, he had enormou

24、s influence upon the kings of Trance.d)Confidentofa quickvictory,Hitlerexpectedthecampaign to last no longer than three months.6.用 it is + V-ed短語開頭a)Ithas often been remarked thatthe saddest thingabout youth is that it is wasted on the young.b)Itiswidelyaccepted thatsome childrenwere justnot equippe

25、d by nature to pursue this kind of education.c) It was generally assumed, however, that nativespeaker competence in the Standard English was acquired through formal learning.7.用 there is結(jié)構(gòu)開頭a)Inaddition to this, there is the growing mobilityof people since World War II.b)Thereistheappreciationofthes

26、alienthistorical truth that the aging of advanced societies has been a sudden change.c) There is often resistance to the idea that it isbecause the birthrate fell earlier in Western and Northwestern Europe than elsewhere, that we have grown so old.l 句子結(jié)構(gòu)在雅思大作文部分要取得 7 分以上的高分， 必須要句型多樣， 而大多生考生都不知道如何變換舉

27、行，以下就介紹幾種常用的方法。1. 定語從句用定語從句改寫下列句子（不改變意義）1.TheChinese character hao combines thesymbol for “ woman” with thesymbolfor“ boy” . The Chinese character means“ good” .2.Thetests do not measure genuineintellectualability.Colleges use theteststo careen applicants for admission.3.Thefollowing are typical oft

28、he natureof their crime. The pattern of thencan be traced to any section to the country.2. 分詞短語運用分詞短語不僅改變了原有的句型， 而且能使句子間的語義關(guān)系更加清楚。 請比較下面的句子：1.AnIQ score is stamped on a permanent schoolrecord.Itmay influenceteacherexpectations. It may also determine a child s future.2. Unchecked population growth is

29、 not merely an annoying problem. It is not merely exaggerated by pessimists who always worry about the future. It is, on the contrary, the most serious problem humanity faces today.3. A university professor in Arizona was assigned to tutor underachieving college athletes. He recalled a runner who ex

30、ercised daily.4.Ina lectureon economics,curiousstudentswould ask how the Chinese economycould be both socialist and market-driven. In this way they interest themselves not only in what, but also in whys.3. 雙重否定句英語中常常用兩個否定詞來表達(dá)一個肯定的意思。i. You can t lend your marked book to your friends else can read th

31、em without being distracted by your notes.because nobodyii.Youwillnever catchme witha freefifteenminutesinwhich I m not reading something.iii. Probably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning.iv. Regardless of where the bo

32、oks came from, I cannot remember a time when I was not in love with them.4. 比較級句比較英漢句子，英語通過比較級來表達(dá)意思的句子遠(yuǎn)比漢語多得多。i. Few problems in America cause so much concern and widespread public interest as does the problem of youthful misbehavior and delinquency.ii. Nowhere, however, is communications more impor

33、tant, or less studied than in the interaction between physicians and their patients about life and death decision.iii.Butwe would no more turnthem away than hospitalwould turnaway a patient.iv. A successful man may be called a genius, but success is more a result of common sense than of genius.v. A

34、skyscraper is less the product of architectural virtuosity than of economic necessity.vi. Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insight of great man of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved technologies.5. 同位語句用同位語改寫下面句子。（意思不變）1. One of the most controversial is

35、the growing practice of integratingpublicschoolissuesisphysicallyand mentally“ mainstreaming. ” It handicapped childreninto regular classes.2. I don t expect you simply to agree and do nothing more. I expect you add something that may be a reason for agreeing, another example, or a remark to carryth

36、e idea further.3.Doingpart-timejobscan helpus tohave a betterunderstandingofsociety.This is another way to get knowledge.4. Even a brief visit to Greece, which id a modern gateway to the glory of the past, gives you a profound sense of the roots of our civilization.5.Sinceshe is an excellent,all-aro

37、undstudentwitha congenialpersonality,she is a promising candidate for WOW. WOW is an international scholarship program for outstanding women around the world.6. 后置修飾句形容詞短語可以起到定語從句的作用，但表達(dá)更為簡潔。vii. There will be no turning back or hesitation on the road to an America rich in dignity and abundant with

38、opportunity for all our citizens.viii.Nationalissuesgrow more complex daily.So, too,does our dependence on highereducation for both the skills and the knowledge necessary to our individual success in this new climate.ix.Ittakesyears of constantacademic toilto reach a levelof sophisticationessential

39、to function effectively in today s very complex world.x. A national economy free of the burden of debt, populated by educated citizens ready to work and to care for their neighbors must be our goal.7. 插入語在正常的句子中插入寫成份，也會給句子帶來一些變化。xi.He(orshe) looksat peoplein a similarway, forthe man an attractivegir

40、l and for the woman an attractive man are the prizes they are after.xii.At the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of this century, a man hadto be aggressiveand ambitious todayhe has to be socialand tolerant inorderto be attractive“ package ” .xiii.Ofcoursetheimportanceofthisdistinctionispopular

41、ly,ifsomewhatobscurely, recognized.xiv.Ifone citizenisunwillingtoparticipate,allof us are goingto suffer.Forthe idea, though it is shared by all of us, is realized in each one of us.8. 被動句相比較， 英語使用被動句的頻率遠(yuǎn)高于漢語，因此作為一種變化的手段，被動句是一個不可以忽視的句型。xv.However,verylittlecontrolcan be exercisedover the media used

42、to generateinformation that comes to you from the outside.xvi. Our presence here is recognition that this eternal problem has now taken an unprecedented scale and it can only be dealt with by concreted worldwide action.xvii. However, there are signs that much more serious efforts may be mustered in

43、the reasonably near future.9. 倒裝句倒裝句一般用于上下句的連貫和句內(nèi)某些內(nèi)容的強(qiáng)調(diào)，但它同時又不失為句型變化的手段。xviii. Not since the car radio has a technology so altered the nature of the driving experience as the cellular telephone.xix.Rarelycan rivalsinflictsuch severedamage. To launcha new consumer productin America can cost $75m-100

44、m; even then, most fail.xx.Fromthatsciencewillcome therealizationthatdespitetechnology,man doesnot exercise dominion over nature.xxi.More perilousstillareattemptstomilkadditionalsalesfrompremium brandsby taking them downmarket.10. 破折號句一般來說， 破折號句可以用在句子的任何地方，就如在演說中突然停頓一會兒，往往可以起到強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用。請比較以下兩句：I bought the flower f