(完整)初中英語名詞講解及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1、1名詞（課時(shí):2 ）一介紹名詞含義: 名詞是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的詞。二名詞的分類：專有名詞( 人名，地名，機(jī)構(gòu) )William ，Linda, Canada ，China ， the United Nations, WTO普通名詞可數(shù)名詞 :包括 單數(shù) ( 只有一個(gè) ) 和 復(fù)數(shù) ( 兩個(gè)以上 ).不可數(shù)名詞 : 只有單數(shù) .物質(zhì)名詞milk ， water ， tea ， bread ， beef, meat, rice， fish， coffee， sugar ，salt抽象名詞information， friendship， knowledge ， work ， advice

2、， science,news,weather三重點(diǎn) :單數(shù)名詞變 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 的規(guī)則：1.一般情況下，加“s” . eg: books ， stamps ， pens ， tables2.以“ s, x, ch, sh”結(jié)尾的，加“ es”eg: buses ， boxes ， foxes ， watches ， matches ， beaches ， coaches, brushes3. 以 “ o ” , 結(jié)尾的，加 “es ” or “ s ”eg: Negroes ?ni:gr? 、 heroes 、 volcanoesv ?l ?ke?n? 、 tomatoes 、 potatoes、

3、radios、 pianos 、 zoos 、 photos 、 bamboos 、 video需加 es的記憶技巧：黑人 （ Negro）英雄（ hero ）在火山上 （ volcano ）愛吃西紅柿 （ tomato ）和土豆（ potato ）4. 以“輔音字母 + y ” 結(jié)尾的，把“ y”變?yōu)椤?i ”，再加“ es ” .eg: city- cities， country-countries， family-families, story-stories5.以“ f ” 或 “ fe ” 結(jié)尾的，把“ f ” 或 “ fe ”變?yōu)椤?ves ”。eg:thief thieveswi

4、fe wiveslife-liveshalf halvesleaf-leaves ， knife - knives， wolf wolves, shelfshelves, loaf loaves記憶技巧： 賊人（ thief ）的妻子（ wife ）在她一生 （ life ）中用半（ half ）片樹葉 （leaf ）當(dāng)?shù)蹲樱?knife ）殺死了七匹狼（ wolf ）然后去偷架子（ shelf ）上的面包（ loaf ）。6）不規(guī)則變化：man- men，foot- feetwoman - women， tooth- teeth,policeman- policemen,goose- gee

5、se,mousechild- children， ox- oxen- mice， fish- fish， sheep- sheepdeer - deer，means means，Chinese - Chinese，Japanese - Japanese注意：當(dāng) man / woman作定語、修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。例如： a man teacher - men teachers;a woman teacher - women teachersman / woman與所修飾的名詞要同時(shí)四重點(diǎn)：名詞的所有格（ -（1）單數(shù)名詞詞尾加the boy s bag的）'s； 以；Marys結(jié)尾

6、的單數(shù)名詞， s cap ；Mr James則只加 office .（2）復(fù)數(shù)名詞如果不以s結(jié)尾，則加's； 復(fù)數(shù)名詞如果以the Childrens Palacemen s roomthe teachers reading-room10 minutes walks結(jié)尾，則只加 .（3）如果表示幾個(gè)人共有一樣?xùn)|西，只需在最后一個(gè)人的名字后面加如果表示各自所有，就必須在各個(gè)名字后面加's .This is Tom and Marks room.These are Tom s and Mark s rooms.'s .（ 4） the + 名詞 · of 

7、3;名詞 the windows of the house the name of the citythe picture of the Tom's結(jié)構(gòu)也可以轉(zhuǎn)換成of結(jié)構(gòu)the girls name - the name of the girlTom s friend - the friend of Tom（ 5） a +名詞· of一” )a picture of To·名詞 m s's / a +名詞;a friend of mine· of·名詞性物主代詞(表示“其中之名詞專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1 - Are there anyin the z

8、oo ?- Yes, there are some.A. pandaB. lionC. tigerD. deer2 There is only onedoctor and severalnurses in thishospital.A. man / womanB. man / womenC. men / womanD. men /women3- What can I do for you ?- I d like two.A. bottle of orange juiceB. bottle of orange juicesC. bottles of orange juiceD. bottles

9、of orange juices4This isbedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.A. Anna and JaneB. Anna s and Jane sC. Anna s and JaneD. Anna and Janes5 We ll have aholiday. What about going to the Great Wall ?A. four daysB. four-dayC. four-daysD. fourday s6 Paul hasfriends except me, and sometimes he feels lon

10、ely.A. manyB. someC. fewD. more7 How manycan you see in the picture ?A. waterB. childC. deerD.factorys8 This is an old photo of mine. At that time I had.A. short hairsB. short hairC. many short hairD. much short hairs9 - Where are the?- They are playingfootball on the playground.A. boys students / t

11、heB. boy students / theC. boy student / XD. boy students / X10 I have to speak to my grandpa loudly because theres something wrong withhis.A. eyesB. legsC. mouthD. ears11 Jenny gave uson how to learn English well.A. some advicesB. many advicesC. some adviceD. anadvice12 We have bought twofor the com

12、ing party.A. box of strawberryB. boxes of strawberriesC. box of strawberriesD. boxes of strawberry13 Mr Smith is a friend of.A. John s uncleB. John uncle sC. John s uncle sD. John uncle14 - Would you liketea ?- No, thanks. I have drunk two.A. any / bottle of juiceB. some / bottles of juiceC. many /

13、bottles of juicesD. few / bottles of juice15 These are thetoys.A. childB. childrenC. children schildren16 There are hardly anyin the river now because of the pollution.A. duckB.fishC.gooseD.17 She told methe day before yesterday.A. a good newsB. such a good newsC. so good a newsD. a piece of good ne

14、ws18 I won t go there with you, for I have a lot ofto do.A. worksB. jobC. workD.working19 Thereall kinds ofin this shop.A. are / watchesB. be / watchesC. is / watchesD. be /watch20 There areon the desk.A. a paperB. some papersC. a piece of paperD. some pieces of paper21 I d like, please.A. two bottl

15、e of beerB. two bottle of beersC. two bottles of beerD. two bottles of beers22 These arebackpacks.A. Lily and LucyB. Lily and LucysC. Lily s and LucyD. Lily s and Lucy23 We ll havethis summer.A. a two months vacationB. two months vacationC. a two-months vacationD. a two-month vacation24 I go to theo

16、nce a month.A. barberB. barbersC. barber sbarbers D. sD.water25 I want to knowopinion.A. everyone s elseC. everyone else s26 Iwalkedintothedesk.A. teacher s / teacher sC. teacher s / teachersB. everyone elseD. everyone elsesoffice,B. teachersD. teachersandputtheletter / teachers / teacheronmys27 The

17、re s noformore carsin theparkinglot.Itistoo crowded.A. roomB. roomsC. houseD.houses28 My shoes were worn out, so I decided to buy a new.A. showB. shoesC. pairD. one29 Could you speak in a loud? I can t hear you clearly.A. voiceB. noiseC. soundD.throat30 Only onehas been chosen. I don t know whether it is a man or awoman.A.