(完整版)廣州版英語八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit4講義

1、Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips一、短語歸納：ic strip 連環(huán)漫畫2.pop out 張大，睜大3.decide on 決定4.video camera 攝像機(jī)5.play against 同 比賽6.weather forecast 天氣預(yù)報(bào)7.thank goodness 謝天謝地8.make it 獲得成功9.think of 考慮，想起，記得What do you think of .？10.have a good idea有個(gè)好主意11.think about 思考，考慮12.add.to.把 添加到 13.sound effects 音響效果1

2、4.at the underground station 在地鐵站15.look like 看上去像16.put.together 把 放在一起17.the same as與 相同18.be different from 與 不同19.a pair of 一雙20.at the top of 在 頂部21.look out=take care=be careful 當(dāng)心22.pick up 撿起23.in trouble 在困境中二、重點(diǎn)詞匯：1.appear+(to be )+adj.She appears (to be) happy at the news她.聽到這個(gè)消息時(shí)顯得很開心。ap

3、pear +to do sthYou appear to travel quite a lot. 你好像走過很多地方。2. a bit of = a little3.be ready to do sth.be/get ready for sth.4.the same as和 一樣be different from和 不同5.look,sound,taste,smell,feel 連系動(dòng)詞后接形容詞作表語。6. in trouble 在困境中1)sb. have trouble with sb./sth某.人 /某物有毛病I have trouble with my car.2) have tr

4、ouble/difficulty in doing sth. 做某事麻煩7.succeed in doing 做成某事8.laugh at sb.嘲笑某人9.tell sb. sth. 告訴某人某事tell sb. (not) to do sth.告訴某人做某事10.be used to do 被用來做used to do 過去常常做be used to doing 習(xí)慣于做三、知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解與拓展：1. character： n. 人物、角色Yue Fei is a great historical character.2. think of 考慮、思考Im thinking of going

5、to Paris for vacation.拓展： think of ：想起、記起I cantthink of his name.think of ：對(duì) 有某種看法，常用于“ What do you think of ”句型中 What do you think of the book？3. add to & add toaddadd toto把 加到 上添加，增添（歡樂、困難等抽象名詞）Please add some salt to the water.Do you have anything to add to the list?4. record v. 錄音Ive recorde

6、d the whole concert.拓展： record n. 記錄 set the record創(chuàng)造記錄 break the record打破記錄 hold the record 保持記錄5. decide on 決定、選定What made you decide on Plan A?6. basic adj. 基礎(chǔ)的，基本的拓展： base basis (n.)基礎(chǔ) basic (adj.)基本的 basically (adv,)基本上7. Here it is.以 here 和 there 開頭的句子，若后面的主語為人稱代詞，主謂不倒裝；若后面的主語為名詞，主謂倒裝。Here you

7、 are.給你。Here comes the bus.公共汽車來了。8.forget v. 忘記forget to doforget doing忘記要做某事（動(dòng)作沒發(fā)生）忘記做過某事（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）Iforget to turnoffthelight.I forget opening the door.9. look like 看上去像Tom looks like his father.拓展：提問長(zhǎng)相： What do/ dose sb. look like? 提問性格： What is sb. like?10. appear v. 顯得，看來，似乎A woman suddenly appear

8、ed in the doorway.拓展： appear （to be） + adj./ n.She appears (to be) happy at the news.appear to do sth.You appear to travel quite a lot.11. a little & a bit1) 兩者都可以作副詞用，用來修飾形容詞（原級(jí)或比較級(jí)） ，或動(dòng)詞。Im a little/ bit hungry.2) 用作形容詞做定語時(shí)， a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，而 a bit 后面加 of 再加不可數(shù)名詞。Theres a little water.= There

9、s a bit of water.12. be ready to do sth. 已完成某事，準(zhǔn)備好做某事The contract will be ready to sign in two weeks.拓展： be/ get ready for sth. 為 做好準(zhǔn)備Are you ready for your teast?13. as well as 并且，還。用來連接并列成分。連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與前一主語保持一致。She is clever as well as beautiful.14. how to do 疑問詞 + to doI dontknow how to do it.拓展

10、： what to do 做什么where to go 去哪里why to do 為什么做15. Dont+動(dòng)詞原形 .否定祈使句，意為“不要 ，禁止 ”Dontplay jokes on me, will you?中考 鏈接-I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you?-I haventdecided where _.A. goB. wentC. goingD. to go16. the same as和 一樣The twins look the same as each other.拓展： be different

11、from與 不同考點(diǎn)結(jié)合 London was different _ most European capitals.London was not _ _ _ most European capitals同.(義句轉(zhuǎn)換 )17. look 連系動(dòng)詞，意為“看起來，看上去” ，厚街形容詞作表語。Alice looks happy today.拓展：連系動(dòng)詞還有： be(是 ), look( 看起來 ), feel(摸上去 ), seem(似乎是 ), appear(似乎、顯得 ), prove(證明是 ), smell(聞起來 ), taste(嘗起來 ), sound(聽起來 ), turn,

12、 get, become(三個(gè)變得 )等18. Let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事在 let 引導(dǎo)的祈使句中， sb 可以是名詞，也可以說代詞的賓格。Let him go.let 是使役動(dòng)詞，常用的使役動(dòng)詞還有：make，have，leave 等?？键c(diǎn)結(jié)合 : They made me repeat the story.改(成被動(dòng)態(tài) )_.19. a pair of+ 不可數(shù)名詞 / 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)a pair of shoes20. look out= pay attention to 當(dāng)心、注意 Look out！ There is a car coming！拓展： look o

13、ut of 向外看 She stopped writing and looked out of the window.21. pick up 撿起，拾起She pick up a flower on the road.拓展： pick up sth. 撿起某物，當(dāng) sth.是人稱代詞的賓格時(shí)，放在pick 之后，如： pick it up 。當(dāng) sth.是名詞時(shí)，可以放在 pick up 中間或 up 之后，如： pick the pen up= pick up the pen。22. in trouble 在困境中Hes in trouble, lets help him.拓展：與troub

14、le 相關(guān)的短語：get into trouble 惹上麻煩have trouble（in）doing sth.做某事有困難23. success n. 成功I wish you success with your studies.拓展： succeed v. 成功。 succeed in doing sth.successful adj. 成功的。His business is successful.24. 1) tell sb sth. 告訴某人某事He told me the reason. 改(成被動(dòng)句 )_. ( I作主語 )_. ( the reason作主語 )2) tell s

15、b. to do sth. 告訴某人做某事The teacher told him to clean the classroom.改(成被動(dòng)句 )_.tell sb. not to do sth. 告訴某人不做某事He told us not to buy clothes in this store.25. laugh at 嘲笑Dontlaugh at him, please.練習(xí)：1.What do you _ your hometown? It is very beautiful. I love it very much.A. look atB. talk aboutC. think o

16、fD. think over2.When I was in the supermarket, I forgot _ money with me.A.to takeB.to takingC. takingD. bringing3.Could you give me some advice? Idontknow _. Why dontyou wear this red shirt?A.when to wearB.what to wearC.how to wear D.where to wear4.Most of my classmatesdontlike to talk to teir paren

17、ts, but I am _ them.A.different fromB.surprised atC. the same asD. proud of5. Wheresyour ticket? Show _ , please.A.me itB.it meC.me to itD.it to me6.-Tom, _ read books while you are walking in the streetIt. svery dangerous. -OK, thank you.A. dontB. doesntC. wontD. cant7.He _ a piece of waste paper,

18、and put it into the rubbish bag.A. picked up B. threw away C. looked for D. handed in8. I tsure our football team will _ this match.We rethe best.A. win B. failC. lose D. beat情態(tài)動(dòng)詞9. Our teacher often tells us _ in the riverIt. sdangerous.A. dontswimB. not swimC. not to swimD. not swimming10. Thanks

19、to the Internet, different kinds of information _ in a short time.A.can be learnedB.has been learnedC.can learnD.has learned四、語法被動(dòng)語態(tài)（2）一 . 概念：表示動(dòng)作與主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系的句子是被動(dòng)語態(tài)。二 . 主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)之間如何轉(zhuǎn)換Wevisitedthat factorylast summer主動(dòng)語態(tài)主語謂語賓語狀語That factorywas visitedby uslast summer被動(dòng)語態(tài)主語謂語賓語狀語三 . 各種不同時(shí)態(tài)的主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的

20、對(duì)比時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（1） Do they speak French ?am / is / are + P.P.（2） They dont use the room .一般過去時(shí)（ 1） The hunter killed a tiger .was / were + p.p.（ 2） He wrote many stories last year .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)These workers are building a new bridge.am / is / are +being +p.p.（2） He is mending his car .過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)He was selli

21、ng books .was / were + being + p.p.(2)They were discussing the plan at that time .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(1)She has learned many English words.have / has + been + p. p.(2)He has finished the work.過去完成時(shí)(1)They has solved the problem .had + been + p.p.(2)We had told him the news by then .一般將來時(shí)（ 1） I shall make a plan .

22、shall / will be + p.p.(2)They are going to fix the radio in an hour.過去將來時(shí)（ 1） He told me they would paint the room .would be + p.p.（ 2） They were going to put on a play thewas/ were going to be +next week .p.p.被動(dòng)語態(tài)Is French spoken by them?The room isn t used by them.A tiger was killed by the hunter.

23、Many stories was written by him last year.A new bridge is being built by these workers.His car is being mended by him .Books were being built by him .The plan was being discussed by them at that time .Many English words have been learned by her .The work has been finished by him .The problem had bee

24、n solved by them .The news had been told to him by us .A plan will be made by me .The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour.He told me the room would be painted by them.A play was going to be put by them the next week.can / may / must / should+ be + p.p.四 . 如何正確使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)（ 1） We should hand in o

25、ur homework .Our homework should be handed in by us.（ 2 ） You must answer the question inThe question must be answered in English by you .English .1. 有些動(dòng)詞帶有兩個(gè)賓語，即直接賓語和間接賓語，變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，可把其中一個(gè)賓語變成主語，另一個(gè)留在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)謂語后面。需要注意的是：若把直接賓語變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語，需要在間接賓語之間加上介詞“to”。eg. He often tells us interesting stories .（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）We a

26、re often told interesting stories by him.（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）Interesting stories are often told to us by him.常帶雙賓語的詞有：tell , show , lend , pass, send 等。2. 在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，某些動(dòng)詞之后帶有復(fù)合賓語，即賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語，略，但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，這個(gè)to 還要還原。eg. I often hear her sing this popular song .（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）這個(gè)復(fù)合賓語由動(dòng)詞不定式來充當(dāng)，to 被省賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語復(fù)合賓語She is often heard to sing

27、 this popular song . （被動(dòng)語態(tài)） 有這種用法的常用動(dòng)詞有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice 等。3. 有些 “ be +過去分詞” 的結(jié)構(gòu)并不是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，它們可能是 “系表結(jié)構(gòu) （即系動(dòng)詞之后由過去分詞來充當(dāng)表語）?！盩he door is closed.門是關(guān)著的。 ( 系表結(jié)構(gòu) )比較： 1.這個(gè)門是由馮平來關(guān)的。被動(dòng)語態(tài))The door is closed by Fengping .(The glassis broken .這個(gè)玻璃杯是壞的 。系表結(jié)構(gòu))(2.這個(gè)玻璃杯是瑪麗弄壞的。 被動(dòng)語態(tài))The

28、glass was broken by Mary .(4. 只有及物動(dòng)詞和可接賓語的 (動(dòng)詞 +介詞 )詞組才可以有被動(dòng)語態(tài), 如 look after 。Great changeshave taken place in China .(正確 )eg：Great changeshave been taken place in China . ( 錯(cuò)誤 )The dolphin disappeare in the deepsea.(正確 )The dolphin was disappeare in the deepsea.( 錯(cuò)誤 )五、不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情況1) 主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。某些感官系

29、動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞接形容詞可以表示被動(dòng)意義，如：look ， smell，taste， feel， sound 等。eg： Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.語法練習(xí)：1.The mobile phone has influenced people s life a lot since it _.A. inventsB. inventedC. is inventedD. was invented2.This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _well.A. sellsB. sellC. is sold

30、D. are sold3.The sports meeting _next month.A. will holdB. is going to holdC. will be held4.Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself.Sorry. The book you ask for_ out.A. is sellingB. is soldC. was sellingD. will be sold5.Annie _ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.A. invitesB

31、. is invitedC. was invitedD. has invited6.Many houses _ in the earthquake of April 20, 2013 in Ya an.A. is destroyedB. are destroyedC was destroyedD. were destroyed7. Han Han s books are popular. They _ by many teenagers.A. is readB. was readC. are readD. were read8. Teenagers _allowed to drive.9. A

32、t present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other.A. offerB. are offeredC. have offeredD. are offering10. I want to borrow the book, but I don t know how long it mayFor two. weeks.A. keepB. be borrowedC. borrowD. be kept11. Many trees

33、_ on the streets every years. So the air is very fresh now.A. plantB. are plantedC. plantedD. were planted12. Didn't you see the sign "No Parking!" on the right?Sorry, I didn't. But now I know parking_ here.A. wasn't allowedB. isn't allowedC. won't allowD. doesn't a

34、llow13. From May 6, pedestrians(行人 ) _10 yuan if they run red lights, according to Beijing traffic authorities.A. will fineB. were finedC. are fineD. will be fined14.What languages _ in that country'?German and EnglishA. are speakingB. are spokenC. speakD. is spoken15. A year has four seasons an

35、d it _ twelve different star signs.A. divided intoB. is dividing intoC.divided intoD is divided into16. The child without parents _ good care of by his teachers in this special school.A. is takenB. are takenC. takeD. takes17. Clark, your room is really in a mess. It needs Sorry, mum. I'll do it

36、at once.A. cleanB. cleanedC. to cleanD. to be cleaned18. “ Frog，” Mo Yan's latest novel, please! Sorry, it _ just now. But it will come out again soon.A. sold outB. is sold outC. has sold outD. was sold out19. Do you know Earth Day?Sure. Itin 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.A. sets upB. se

37、t upC. is set upD. was set up20A lot of trees _around here every year， and we can enjoy fresher air nowAwere plantedB are plantedCwill plantD a完型填空There was a bridge over the river._1_often took some parts away. So Mr White , a farmer offifty-two, _2_to watch it .He had neither wife nor children and

38、 lived in the house _3_the bridge . Heworked hard and always got up several times at night. So it was much _4_than before.Once the old man _5_to his sister birthday party. He asked two days leave and went there. He_6_much that day and fell to sleep as soon as the _7_was over. His sister had to carry

39、 him to a room with her husband. At midnight he _8_. He forget where he was and went out to see if the bridgewas all right. But he didn t9_ it. He was surprised and told the police station about it on the_10_.Later on he forgot what _11_ that night and he returned to his house the following afternoo

40、n.When he saw the bridge , he_12_ it all. He hurried to ring up the police station again and told them the bridge wasn t _13_.“ It s too lateMr ,Wh ite , ” said the officer .“ We _14_ the罪犯criminal)lastnight( . The judgesentenced（判決） him to ten years in prison this _15_!”() 1. A.EverybobyB. Someboby

41、C. NobodyD. Anybody() 2. A. toldB. hopedC. was toldD. was hoped() 3. A. aboveB. onC. underD .at an end of() 4.A. safeB. saferC. importantD. more important() 5. A. madeB .was madeC. askedD. was asked() 6.A. drankB. smokedC. talkedD. played() 7.A. classB. lessonC. dinnerD. meeting() 8.A. woke upB. sto

42、od upC. sat down D. lay down() 9.A touchB. findC. hearD. build() 10. A. letterB. reportC. telephoneD. exercise()11. A. happenedB. wasC. worriedD. looked() 12 A. sawB. watchedC. saidD. remembered()13. A. brokenB. lostC. mendedD. hurt()14. A. missedB. killedC. knewD. caught() 15. A. morningB. eveningC

43、. weekD. month閱讀理解AWhen people talk about air pollution, they usually think of smog, acid rain ( 酸性雨 ), and other forms of outdoor air pollution. But did you know that air pollution also exists inside homes, offices, hotels and other buildings? The air in your home can be 2 to 100 times more pollute

44、d than the air outdoors! In fact, some American doctors say that 50% of illnesses have something to do with polluted indoor air.Air pollution influences our health in many ways. Young children and the old often suffer more from air pollution. People with health problems may also suffer more when the

45、 air is polluted. Indoor air pollution can harm people's eyes, nose and throat. Air pollution, both indoor and outdoor, can also lead to lung cancer, heart disease, and even harm to the brain! In the great London fog in 1952, 4,000 people died in a few daysbecause of air pollution! It is said th

46、at half a million young kids and women die each year in India because of indoor air pollution!There're many ways to reduce indoor air pollution. Here are some of them and see if they can help you： Increase the amount of outdoor air coming indoors and open your windows for 15 to 30 minutes eachda

47、y. Turn off all the lights and fans when you don't need them. Share your room with others when the air conditioner is running. Don't smoke and try to stop your family members and relatives from smoking. People who smokeare going to have trouble breathing and even die someday. If you're s

48、mart, don't ever start. Environment-friendly products, such as water-based paints pollute less and work just as well.1.According to the passage,is more serious in the writer s opinion.A. outdoor air pollutionB. indoor air pollutionC. noise pollutionD. water pollution2.Air pollution can do harm t

49、o people's _.A. throatB. lungC. brainD. above all3.How many ways does the writer list in the passage?A. Four.B. Five.C. Six.D. Seven.4.Which is NOT the right way to reduce indoor air pollution?A. Open the windows for fifteen to thirty minutes each day to let the fresh air in.B. Turn off the ligh

50、t when you don't need them.C. Don't smoke and stop others from smoking.D. Don't use water-based paints because they can pollute air.5. We can infer from the passage that _. A. acid rain isn't a form of outdoor air pollutionB. air pollution is not good for people's health, but it

51、can't cause deathC. we should share the room when we turn on the air conditioner D. environment -friendly products pollute moreBIf you watch the sky about an hour after the sun goes down, you may see some“ movingthey aren t really stars. They re satellites. And the biggest of all is the International Space Station(ISSThe ISS is the biggest satellites because scientists want to live on it. They think that the best way to learn more about space is to live there.When the space station is finished, it will be like a cit