ad法精講+精練：專題八+定語從句?？键c(diǎn)

1、專題八定語從句?？键c(diǎn)定語從句是英語語法學(xué)習(xí)中的一大難關(guān)，也是高考中的?？键c(diǎn)。主要考查引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇；非限制性定語從句(特別是當(dāng)先行詞是整個句子時)，由“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句等。做有關(guān)定語從句題目時，一定要將先行詞還原到從句里，看其在從句部分充當(dāng)什么成分。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的基本用法 關(guān)系代詞指人指物主語賓語定語表語主語賓語定語表語that，whothat，who，whom(可省)whosethatthat，whichthat，which(可省)whosethat關(guān)系副詞時間地點(diǎn)原因when介詞whichwhere介詞whichwhyfor which注學(xué)習(xí)定語從

2、句時，必須加強(qiáng)對從句句子結(jié)構(gòu)的分析，切記關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語和表語，而關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中作狀語。用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空：I still remember the day _ we studied together.I still remember the day _ we spent together.This is the factory _ he used to work.This is the factory _ we visited yesterday.This is the factory _ makes this kind of car.This is

3、the reason _ he explained.This is the reason _ he failed in the exam.I dont know the way _ he used last time.I dont know the way _ he solved the problem last time.【答案】when；that/which/不填where；that/which/不填；that/whichthat/which/不填；whythat/which/不填；that/in which/不填介詞關(guān)系代詞 介詞后只能用which指物，whom 指人，不可用that。介

4、詞的選用可根據(jù)從句中相關(guān)詞組確定，也可結(jié)合句意根據(jù)先行詞確定。該介詞也可放在從句之尾。用適當(dāng)?shù)摹敖樵~關(guān)系代詞”填空：He is the person _ we should learn.The bag _ he put his books is lost.The man _ she is talking is a doctor.The train _ he was travelling was late.【答案】from whomin/into whichto/about whomon which關(guān)系代詞 as的用法 用于限制性定語從句中：當(dāng)先行詞被so，as，such，the same所修飾

5、時，關(guān)系代詞用as指人或物，而不用which。用于非限制性定語從句中： 非限制性定語從句，特別是先行詞是整個主句時，由which和as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，是高考命題的熱點(diǎn)。注 as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句與which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可以放在主句前、插在主句中間或放在主句末尾，而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句后面；as引導(dǎo)的從句有“正如”之意，而which則沒此意。用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空：This is such a heavy bag _ I cant carry.This is such a heavy bag _ I cant carry

6、 it .This is the same place _ I visited three years ago.This is the same place _ I worked three years ago.He failed in the exam，_ made his father very angry.He failed in the exam，_ I had expected.A lot of language learning, _ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents sh

7、ould talk much to their children during that period. 【答案】as；thatas；wherewhich；asas并列句和非限制性定語從句的判斷 并列句是由兩個簡單句組成的，句子中間必須要有并列連詞；而定語從句是由主句和從句構(gòu)成的。完成下列句子：He has two brothers，and both of _ are workers.He has two brothers，both of _ are workers.China has hundreds of islands，the largest of _ is Taiwan.China h

8、as hundreds of islands，and the largest of _ is Taiwan.He may not come，in _ case we will not wait for him.He may not come and in _ case we will not wait for him.【答案】them；whomwhich；themwhich；that先行詞模糊化 表地點(diǎn)的先行詞模糊化在句中作狀語時用關(guān)系副詞where，相當(dāng)于in which；在句中作主語和賓語仍用關(guān)系代詞。常見的詞有：point，situation，position，profession，jo

9、b，case，system，scene，activity，society，culture，strategy，model，accident，economy，crime等；常見的表時間的詞有：period，occasion，stage，interval，stay等。用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空：This is one point _ we must insist on.I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time

10、to spend a day with my kids.【答案】that/which/不填；wherewhen定語從句中的數(shù)要保持一致 關(guān)系代詞指代的是先行詞，因此定語從句中的謂語在數(shù)上應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。完成下列句子：Those who _(break) the law should be punished.Anyone who _(break)the law should be punished.Whoever _(break) the law should be punished.He is one of the students who _praised at yesterdays m

11、eeting.He is the one of the students who _praised at yesterdays meeting.【答案】break；breaks；breakswere；was定語從句中含有插入語 定語從句和先行詞之間常常會有I think，you know，I believe，I thought 等插入語。做此類題目時，我們要先去除插入語，再選擇正確的關(guān)系詞。完成下列句子：This is the school _ you know I once studied.I picked up a man _ I thought was honest.I picked u

12、p a man _ I thought to be honest.He made a discovery，_(我認(rèn)為) is very important.【答案】wherewho；that/who/whom/不填which I think只能用that 或which的情況 只用that 的場合：當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時。當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞anything，nothing，everything，all，some，little，few，much，none 或被不定代詞修飾時。當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞所修飾時。當(dāng)先行詞被the only和the very所修飾時。當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作表語時。

13、當(dāng)要避免與疑問詞which重復(fù)時。只用which 的場合：“介詞which”，指物。非限制性定語從句中。防止重復(fù)。指人的性質(zhì)身份時，而不是指人時。用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空：He told us all _ had happened.This is the most interesting film_ I have ever seen.This is the first place _ we visited yesterday.This is the first place _ we worked.This is the only plant _ grows in the area.The

14、 earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually.The glasses without _ he couldnt see clearly were lost.I said nothing，_ made him angry.【答案】thatthat/不填that/不填；wherethat；wherewhichwhich關(guān)系代詞whose的用法 在高考中，關(guān)系代詞whose的考點(diǎn)頻繁出現(xiàn)。在定語從句中，作定語的關(guān)系代詞用whose，在表示某物時，相當(dāng)于then.of which 或of whichthe

15、n.。用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空：Do you know the man in _ car she came here?The man pulled out a gold watch，_ hands were made of small diamonds.The man pulled out a gold watch，the hands of _ were made of small diamonds.The man pulled out a gold watch，of _ the hands were made of small diamonds.【答案】whosewhose；which；which

16、找準(zhǔn)先行詞 一般說來，定語從句是跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后，但有時也會出現(xiàn)先行詞和定語從句被一個詞或一個短語所分隔，或者謂語太短等情況，這時我們要根據(jù)定語從句的句意判斷哪一個詞是先行詞。用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空：Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year.Shell never forget her stay there _ she found her son who had gone missing two years

17、 before.The days are gone _ we used the foreign oil.【答案】whom/whowhenwhen“the onethat/which/where”和that，which，where的區(qū)別 完成下列句子：Is this the museum _ you visited last year?Is this museum _ you visited last year?Is this museum _ you worked last year?Is this the museum _ you worked last year?【答案】that/whic

18、h/不填；the one that/which或the onethe one where/where；where/in whichfrom where和since when結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別 完成下列句子：They stood at the window，from _ they could see what was happening in the street.The book was written in 1946，since _ the education system has witnessed great changes.【答案】wherewhen1. (2014江蘇卷)The book h

19、as helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work _ a good impression is a must. A. which B. when C. as D. where2. (2014江西卷)Among the many dangers _ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.A. which B. what C. where D. when3. (2014陜西卷)Please send us all the informat

20、ion _ you have about the candidate for the position.A. that B. whichC. as D. what4. (2014重慶卷)Well reach the sales targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year.A. which B. whereC. when D. what5. (2014安徽卷)The exact year _ Angola and her family spent together in China was 2008. A. when B. w

21、here C. why D. which6. (2013江蘇卷)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，_ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A. where B. whichC. what D. when7. (2013浙江卷)The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glass

22、 houses being built.A. what B. whereC. when D. why8. (2013安徽卷)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012，_ made one of the Chinese peoples longheld dreams come true.A. it B. thatC. what D. which9. (2013陜西卷)_ is often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived

23、.A. It B. ThatC. What D. As10. (2012江蘇卷)After the flooding，people were suffering in that area，_ urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive.A. which B. whoC. where D. what【答案】1. D2. A3. A4. A5. D6. B7. B8. D9. D10. B1. Do you know the man _？A. whom I spoke B. to who I spokeC. I spoke

24、 to D. that I spoke2. I am very grateful to my high school teachers，without _ help I wouldnt be so excellent.A. whom B. themC. which D. whose3. Where did you meet him while in Beijing?It was in the hotel _ I stayed.A. that B. whichC. when D. where4. The settlement is home to nearly 1，000 people，many

25、 of _ leaving their village homes for a better life in the city.A. whom B. whichC. them D. those5. The time is not far away _ modern communications will become widespread in Chinas vast countryside.A. as B. whenC. until D. before6. He talked a lot about things and persons _ they remembered in the sc

26、hool.A. which B. thatC. whom D. what7. Her sister has become a lawyer，_ she wanted to be.A. who B. that C. what D. which8. Im told that is a free website _ learners can not just learn various languages but also chat online.A. where B. which C. that D. what9. The way _ he looks at problems is wrong.A

27、. which B. whoseC. what D. /10. By serving others，a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself，_ can be very eyeopening and rewarding.A. who B. that C. which D. what11. My neighbours used to give me a hand in time of trouble，_ was very kind of them.A. who B. whichC. that D. it12. Hes go

28、t himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A. where B. whichC. while D. why13. Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons cant be the only preparation for all of the situations _ appear in the working world.A. where B. whenC. that D. what14.

29、 The manager had to go to Beijing on business on June 23，_ happened to be his only sons birthday.A. when B. thatC. which D. what15. The picture often reminds me of the happy hours time and again _ I was playing happily with my friends during the holidays.A. how B. thatC. when D. where16. Nowadays te

30、enagers like to go to fast food restaurants，_ serve junk food.A. which B. whoC. what D. where17. Is this research centre _ you visited the modern equipment last year?A. which B. thatC. the one where D. the one that18. She is such a good teacher _ we all love and respect.A. that B. as C. so D. who19.

31、 The volunteers paid a visit to all the senior citizens in the community，most of _ are aged from 70 to over 90 years old.A. whom B. thoseC. them D. which20. Last week，we watched Beijing Opera，_ style was unfamiliar to most of us.A. what B. whichC. where D. whose21The school shop, _ customers are mai

32、nly students, is closed for the holidays. A. which B. whoseC. when D. where22. My pen friend sent me an email yesterday _ he described how he spent his summer holiday. A. when B. whereC. what D. which23. Last term our English teacher set so difficult an examination problem _ none of us worked out.A. as B. thatC. which D.