高考沖刺單句改錯(cuò)及真題解析

1、高考沖刺：單句改錯(cuò) 題型介紹短文改錯(cuò)除了考查篇章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，更多地從句子層面考查考生對英語知識的掌握程度?？忌灰私舛涛闹芯渥渝e(cuò)誤的常見設(shè)錯(cuò)方式，就很容易找到錯(cuò)誤并更正。另外這些設(shè)錯(cuò)的地方也是考生在書面表達(dá)中句子出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤的地方，提高句子的改錯(cuò)能力的同時(shí)也能提高寫作能力。解題技巧常見錯(cuò)誤考點(diǎn)1. 名詞考點(diǎn)主要涉及名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問題，即在該用復(fù)數(shù)的地方誤用其單數(shù)，或在該用單數(shù)的地方誤用其復(fù)數(shù)，關(guān)鍵是記住常用的不可數(shù)名詞和集體名詞以及復(fù)數(shù)形式表達(dá)不同意義的名詞。You can find all kinds of information in just a fewminute on the Inter

2、net.minute f minutes ,因?yàn)閍 few 后面的名詞一定是復(fù)數(shù)Nowadays millions of people of allage take pleasure in a hobby ageages因談到不止一個(gè)人的年齡， age用復(fù)數(shù)；of all ages指各個(gè)年齡階段的人。2. 對冠詞的考查主要涉及冠詞的誤加和漏用，有時(shí)也考查不定冠詞與定冠詞以及零冠詞的用法區(qū)別（包括a 與 an 的區(qū)別） 。其中涉及最多的是，當(dāng)一個(gè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)，漏用不定冠詞；另外冠詞在一些習(xí)語中的用法也是一個(gè)重要考點(diǎn)。discover an interest which can even

3、 lastlifetime.lifetime 前加a,指人的一生是 a lifetime.Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put outfire .fire 前加 the ，因這是特指的一場火災(zāi)。Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.去掉a， catch sight of 是習(xí)語，意為“看見、瞥見”。3. 對介詞的考查主要涉及如下方面：在及物動(dòng)詞后接賓語時(shí)誤加介詞，在不及物動(dòng)詞后接賓語時(shí)漏加介詞、副詞短語前誤加介詞、介詞與其他詞的常用搭配、習(xí)語中的介詞用法等。W

4、hen they came down, the police were angry to them.to f with ,表示對某人生氣，習(xí)慣上用be angry with sb. 。It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station.for f of,句型 It ' s kind of sb. to do sth. 。4. 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)主要涉及一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過去的區(qū)別，經(jīng)常涉及be 和 have 兩個(gè)常用動(dòng)詞。有時(shí)也涉及其他時(shí)態(tài)。Also, scientists and doctors had learned ho

5、w to deal with many diseases. hadfhave,此處句中陳述現(xiàn)在的事，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。At once I apologize and controlled myself at my best till the dinner started.apologize f apologized 句中時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)。5. 對從句引導(dǎo)詞的考查主要涉及根據(jù)句意正確選用引導(dǎo)詞、引導(dǎo)詞的誤加與漏用、將不是從句的部分誤認(rèn)為是從句而誤加引導(dǎo)詞等。I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.where”which ,此處要填關(guān)系代詞作主

6、語。I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf.as改為that , so- that為固定句式，其中的that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。6. 并列連詞的考查主要涉及and， but ， or， so 等詞語。嚴(yán)格說來，這類錯(cuò)誤主要屬于行文邏輯的錯(cuò)誤。Clever as she is, but she works very hard.去掉but,因前面已有引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞as （=though雖然），千萬不要受漢語句式“雖然但是”的影響而重復(fù)用連詞。I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up

7、.but “and, teach/ play 與watch是并列關(guān)系，而不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。7. 對非謂語動(dòng)詞的考查主要涉及如下方面：不定式符號to 的有無，介詞后該使用動(dòng)詞的什么形式（用動(dòng)名詞）， 并列結(jié)構(gòu)中幾個(gè)非謂語動(dòng)詞是否一致，動(dòng)詞用作主語時(shí)用何種形式（可用動(dòng)名詞或不定式，但不能用動(dòng)詞原形），用 -ing 還是 -ed 分詞作狀語、定語和表語。I was often a little tired after a day s work and watch TV demands very little effort.watchf watching ,動(dòng)詞原形不能用作主語。As we climbed

8、 the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.visiting -visited ,因?yàn)樗c其前的fed和其后的told 并列。8. 一致問題涉及多個(gè)方面，如主謂一致、人稱一致、并列結(jié)構(gòu)的前后一致等。If I listen to my own records, thereare no need to spend money.are f is ,在there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的be用is還是用are,由緊跟在be后的那個(gè)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)來決定，此處no need 是單數(shù)，所以用is 。you willprobably w

9、ant to join the Stamp Collectors ' Club which exist to addmore stamps to your collection.exist exists ,主語 which 是指 the Stamp Collectors ' Club ,這是單數(shù)，所以用 exists 。9. 對形容詞與副詞的考查主要涉及形容詞和副詞比較等級的誤用（尤其是在本身已是比較級的詞前誤加more） 、形容詞與副詞的混用（如修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)誤用形容詞或修飾名詞時(shí)誤用副詞）等，另外 as - as結(jié)構(gòu)、how與what的誤用等也是常考的考點(diǎn)。I never kn

10、ew a ride down a river could be somuch exciting.去掉much,因much不能用來修飾形容詞的原級，盡管它可用來修飾比較級和最高級。She called 119 immediate.immediate f immediately ,用作狀語，要用副詞。高考單句常見錯(cuò)誤：1. and, but 誤用；2. books/ a book 等名詞單復(fù)數(shù)誤用；3. 人稱代詞he, she, I 等誤用；4. 動(dòng)詞的含義用反，例如 go和come誤用；5. 第三人稱單數(shù)用錯(cuò)，例如he work ；6. 時(shí)態(tài)的誤用，例如上下文均為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，卻出現(xiàn)worked；

11、7. so.that結(jié)構(gòu)誤用；8. 定語從句中which 與 where 誤用；9. neither.nor結(jié)構(gòu)誤用；10. because, though 同時(shí)出現(xiàn)；11. fortunately, unfortunately 等詞義用反也多次出現(xiàn)；12. 性別指代錯(cuò)誤；13. 不定代詞誤用；14. a 與 the 誤用；15. 主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)誤用；16. 主謂一致錯(cuò)誤；17. what 與 that 誤用；18. as 與 like 誤用；19. when與 while 誤用；20. ago 與before 誤用；21. 比較級誤用tall 與 taller ；22. 介詞 in, at,

12、 of, to, from 誤用；23. 省略結(jié)構(gòu)的錯(cuò)誤；24. 一些常見的語法和詞匯錯(cuò)誤，如 I want go " make sb. to do/ be afraid of go/ with 與 without 區(qū)別/ because of 等。真題再現(xiàn)1. I learned early in life that I had to be more patient andlittleaggressive.2. From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of mytoy .3. I

13、was happy when the toys worked, but when thingsdid wrong, I got angry andbroke it .4. For a while parents bought me new toys.5. But before long they began to seewhich was happening.6. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said,“ That s it.No more toys to you. ”7. My punishment las

14、ted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last.to cut off the use of energy in ourto the use of oil by driving only8. Every one of us can make a great efforts country.9. To begin with, all of us can start reducing when we have a real need.anywhere.and twice a

15、week, and we can also10. That won t be easy, I know, but we have to start11. What s more, we can go to work by bike once buy smaller cars that burn less oil.12. Other way is to watch our everyday use of water andelectric at home.13. For example, how many times have you walked out of a room and leave

16、 the lights or television when no one else was there14. My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month.15. It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport.16. We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big

17、bath.17. What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room.18. I checked my email messages every day. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing.19. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish .20. It is such great hotel t

18、hat I would recommend it to any friend ofme who isgoing to Beijing.答案與解析1. littlefless句意：我不得不多一些耐心而少一些挑釁性。此處 less修飾形容詞。2. toy “toys 根據(jù)each of可知，應(yīng)該是我的玩具中的每一個(gè)，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式toys。3. did f went或者did 后加go 短語go wrong意為“出錯(cuò)”。it f them 此處指代前文 toys ,用them。4. 在 parents 前力口 my parents bought me new toys. 止匕處 my和 me對應(yīng)。英

19、語中需前后一致。5. which “what此處what作賓語從句的主語，句意：看所發(fā)生的一切。6. tear f tore通過觀察整個(gè)文章的時(shí)態(tài)以及myfifth birthday可知此處用一般過去時(shí)。to “for此處意為：不再給你買玩具了。toys for sb 意為“給某人的玩具”。7. must “could/might根據(jù)文意：擁有更多的耐心，我就能使玩具使用得更久。去掉last前的to 0 makesb./sth. do,此處make作“使”解，其后接不帶 to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。8. efforts f effort考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。短語 make a great effort to do sth 意為：盡力做某事。off fdown考查動(dòng)詞短語的含義。cut off 意為：切斷，杜絕；cut down意為：減少。根據(jù)文意應(yīng)是減少。9. 刪除 to 。此處 reduce 是及物動(dòng)詞，所以to 多余。10. anywhere “anyhow根據(jù)語意：我知道那不容易，但不管怎樣我