2012年高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)必練教程 動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)（5）

1、2012年高三高考復(fù)習(xí)必練教程：動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)（5）1struggle vt. & vi.斗爭(zhēng)；拼搏；努力4expand vt. & vi.使變大；伸展；闡述expansion n擴(kuò)大；增加5circulate vt. & vi.循環(huán)；流傳circulation n循環(huán)流通8equip vt. & vi.配備；裝備equipment n設(shè)備(不可數(shù))9export vt. & vi.輸出；出口import vt. & vi.輸入；入口；進(jìn)口12confuse vt.使迷惑；使為難confusing adj.令人迷惑的confused adj.感到

2、迷惑的confusion n迷惑13regret vt.遺憾；惋惜 n遺憾；懊悔regretful adj.后悔的16reduce vt.減少；縮減；簡(jiǎn)化reduction n縮??；減少1struggle vt. 搏斗；斗爭(zhēng)；努力；掙扎n斗爭(zhēng)；掙扎struggle with/against 與搏斗/斗爭(zhēng)struggle for sth./to do sth. 努力/爭(zhēng)取struggle through 奮力通過struggle to ones feet 掙扎著站起來(lái)struggle on/along (雖艱難仍)繼續(xù)做某事with a struggle 費(fèi)勁地 即學(xué)即練1(1)They had

3、 to _ _ their lives _ weather and wild animals.為了生存他們必須與天氣和野獸抗?fàn)帯?2)They had to _ _ all kinds of difficulties.他們得和各樣的困難作斗爭(zhēng)。(3)She _ _ _ _ _ her attacker.她掙扎著想擺脫那個(gè)襲擊她的人。Struggle for against/struggle with / against/struggled to get away from (4)_ _ _ _， the old woman gained control of her business.經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)期

4、努力，這位老婦人在業(yè)務(wù)上已能應(yīng)付自如。 After a long struggle2expand vt.&vi. 使變大；伸展；闡述expansion n. 擴(kuò)張；膨脹；擴(kuò)大；發(fā)展expansive adj. 擴(kuò)張性的；開展性的；廣闊的expand into/to 使擴(kuò)大，變大expand on/upon 闡述，詳談 即學(xué)即練2(1)Metals _ when they are heated.金屬受熱會(huì)膨脹。(2)We've _ _ _ by opening two more stores. 我們?cè)鲩_了兩個(gè)商店以擴(kuò)展業(yè)務(wù)。(3)I repeated the question a

5、nd waited for her to _.我把問題重復(fù)了一遍，等著她進(jìn)行充分闡述。Expand/expanded the business/expand3. therefore adv.(as a result of that)因此；所以 即學(xué)即練3He was very tired and _ he fell sound asleep.He was very tired. _ he fell sound asleep.He was very tired, _ he fell sound asleep.他累得很，因此睡得很熟。Therefore/Therefore/so提示：therefo

6、re 是副詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句，兩個(gè)句子之間要用連詞或者分號(hào)；而 so是連詞，可接從句。4equip vt.&vi. 配備；裝備equipment n. U裝備；設(shè)備equip sb./sth. with sth. 用某物裝備某人/物equip sb./sth. for (doing) sth. 為(做)某事而準(zhǔn)備sb. be equipped to do sth. 某人有準(zhǔn)備做某事equip sb. to do sth. 使某人能夠做某事be equipped with sth. 裝備有某物a piece of equipment 一件設(shè)備 即學(xué)即練4(1)Our classroom _

7、 _ _ a TV set and a tape recorder.我們的教室里配有一臺(tái)電視和一臺(tái)錄音機(jī)。(2)A good education should _ _ _ _.良好的教育能使你受用終生。(3)Our school has been given _ _ _.我們學(xué)校有了一些贈(zèng)送的新設(shè)備。is equipped with/equip you for life/some new equipment5regret v&n. 遺憾；后悔；惋惜refuse with much regret (many regrets) 婉言拒絕to one's regret 令人遺憾的是f

8、eel regretful for.對(duì)感到后悔express regret for/at/over sth. 對(duì)表示遺憾regretn./pron./doing/having done 后悔做某事regretthatclause 后悔，遺憾regret to say/tell/inform. 很抱歉地說(shuō)/告訴/通知It's much to be regretted that. 令人遺憾的是 即學(xué)即練5(1)He regretted _ _ careless.He regretted _ _ _ _ careless.他對(duì)于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。(2)I regret _ _ you

9、that we are unable to offer you employment. 我遺憾地通知你，我們不能雇用你。(3)_ _ _ _， I must leave now.令我很遺憾的是，我現(xiàn)在必須離開了。 (4)We heard _ _ that you were not successful in your plan. 聽到你的計(jì)劃不能順利進(jìn)行，我們覺得很可惜。Having been/that he had been/to inform/Much to my regret/withregret7reduce vt. 減少；縮減；簡(jiǎn)化reduce one's expenditu

10、re 減少某人的開支be reduced to despair 陷入絕望reduce to. 降至reduce by. 減少了 即學(xué)即練7(1)He persuaded them to _ the price _ $1 000.他設(shè)法使他們的價(jià)格降到1 000美元。(2)Production costs have _ _ _ one third.生產(chǎn)成本下降了1/3。(3)The fire _ the forest _ a few trees.大火把森林燒得僅剩下幾棵樹了。Reduce to/been reduced by/reduced to8comment vt.評(píng)論 n評(píng)論，意見，議論a

11、sk for comment 征求意見make comments on sth.評(píng)論某事No comment. 無(wú)可奉告。Without comment. 不必多說(shuō)。comment(v.)on/ upon sth.評(píng)論，對(duì)發(fā)表意見comment(v.)thatclause評(píng)論 即學(xué)即練8(1)Have you any _ _ the proposals？你對(duì)這些建議有什么意見嗎？(2)It created _ _ in the press.這引起報(bào)界廣泛的評(píng)論。(3)He made some useful _ _ my work.他對(duì)我的作品作了一些實(shí)用的評(píng)論。 (4)He _ that it

12、 was an excellent film.他評(píng)論這部電影很精彩。Comments on/wide comment/comments/on commented10rid sb./oneself/sth. of sth. 使擺脫be/get rid of 去掉，擺脫；拋棄remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事be free of. 擺脫 即學(xué)即練10(1)One day we will manage to _ _ _ _ this terrible disease.總有一天我們有辦法使這種可怕的疾病在世界上絕跡。(2)You mus

13、t _ _ _ these oldfashioned ideas.你必須摒棄這些陳舊觀念。(3)Well have to _ _ _ him.我們必須擺脫他。(4)How can we _ _ _ all the flies in the kitchen?我們?cè)鯓硬拍馨褟N房?jī)?nèi)的蒼蠅統(tǒng)統(tǒng)消滅掉？Rid the world of/rid yourself of/get rid of/get rid of12lead to 通向，導(dǎo)致，致使leadn.to sth. 引導(dǎo)到lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 即學(xué)即練12(1)The bank has offered a rewar

14、d for any information _ the arrest of the men.銀行懸賞任何能將這些人繩之以法的情報(bào)。(2)What _ acting as a career？是什么讓你開始從事演藝事業(yè)的？leading to/led you to take up提示：(1)lead to中的 to為介詞，后面跟代詞、名詞或動(dòng)名詞。類似的詞組還有：devote to 致力于/pay attention to 對(duì)加以注意/object to 反對(duì)/stick to 堅(jiān)持/look forward to 期望，等等。(2)lead to 不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。(3)lead to 是前因后果，

15、而 lie in (result from) 是前果后因。13keep.free from/of 使免受(影響、傷害等)使不含(有害物)free from 沒有，免于，無(wú)之憂free of 無(wú)的；免于的，離開了的free sb./sth. from. 使某人/某物自由；解放；釋放for freefree of charge 免費(fèi)地，無(wú)償?shù)豣e free to do sth. 自由地做某事be free with sb. 對(duì)某人放肆free as the air 自由自在set sb. free 釋放某人 即學(xué)即練13(1)_ the table _ dirt by putting a cove

16、r over it.用個(gè)東西把桌子罩住，免得灰塵落在上面。(2)The lake _ pollution.這湖沒有污染。(3)The secretary _ all blame for the errors.這些失誤完全不能怪秘書。(4)Try to _ all prejudices.盡量消除一切偏見。Keep free from/is free of/was free from/free yourself from1.expand/extend/spread/stretch(1)expand“展開，擴(kuò)大”，不僅指尺寸的增加，還可指范圍和體積的擴(kuò)大。(2)extend “伸出，延伸”，指空間范

17、圍的擴(kuò)大，以及長(zhǎng)度、寬度的朝外延伸，也可指時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)。(3)spread“伸開，傳播”，一般指向四面八方擴(kuò)大傳播的范圍，如傳播(疾病)，散布(信息)等。 (4)stretch“伸展，拉長(zhǎng)”，一般指由曲變直、由短變長(zhǎng)的伸展，不是加長(zhǎng)。 應(yīng)用1(1)The cat _ out in front of the fire.貓?jiān)诨馉t前伸開四肢。(2)The hot weather _ to October.炎熱的天氣一直持續(xù)到十月份。(3)As children grow older they _ their interests and become more confident.隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，孩子們

18、的興趣會(huì)變廣泛，人也會(huì)變得更自信。Stretched/extended/expand (4)The fire soon _ to the nearby buildings.火勢(shì)不久就蔓延到鄰近的建筑。spreadB4U33perform v執(zhí)行；表演performer n表演者；演出者performance n執(zhí)行；演出4astonish vt.使驚詫astonished adj.感到驚訝的astonishing adj.令人感到驚訝的astonishment n驚訝7entertain vt. & vi.使歡樂；款待entertaining adj.愉快的，有趣的entertainm

19、ent n娛樂9overcome vt. & vi.戰(zhàn)勝；克服10convince vt.使信服convinced adj.堅(jiān)信不移的convincing adj.令人信服的11direct vt. & vi. &adj.導(dǎo)演；指示；指揮；直的；直接的；直率的direction n指導(dǎo)director n導(dǎo)演directly adv. & conj.直接地，徑直地；一就16slide vt. & vi.(使)滑動(dòng)；(使)滑行 n滑；滑動(dòng)；幻燈片18react vi.作出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)reaction n反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)2astonish vt. 使吃驚；使驚訝as

20、tonishing adj. 令人十分驚異的astonished adj. 感到十分驚訝的astonishment n. 驚訝to ones astonishment 使某人萬(wàn)分驚訝的是in astonishment 驚訝地be astonished at/by sth. 因某事而吃驚be astonished to do sth. 因干某事而吃驚 即學(xué)即練2(1)We _ the news of her sudden death.她突然去世的消息使我們震驚。(2)It _ us to hear that you did not receive our letter. 聽說(shuō)你還沒收到我們的信，

21、這使我們十分驚訝。(3)It was an _ story.這故事令人驚訝不已。were astonished at/astonished/astonishing3entertain vt.&vi. 使快樂，款待entertaining adj. 引人發(fā)笑的，有趣的，娛樂的entertainment n. 招待，款待，娛樂entertain sb. with sth. 用使某人快樂entertain sb. to sth. 用招待/款待某人give an entertainment to sb. 招待某人 即學(xué)即練3(1)He often _ the children _ funny

22、expressions. 他經(jīng)常用滑稽的表情逗孩子們玩兒。(2)I usually _ my friends _ dinner on Sundays.我常在星期天請(qǐng)朋友們吃飯。(3)Its not a very serious film, but a good _.這不是一部嚴(yán)肅的電影，而是一部很好的娛樂片。Entertains with/entertain to/entertainment4overcome v. 戰(zhàn)勝；克服；征服be overcome by sth.使某人垮掉，使某人昏迷be overcome with emotion/excitement/horror/grief因情感/

23、興奮/恐怖/悲傷而不能自持 即學(xué)即練4(1)In the final game Sweden easily _ France.在決賽中，瑞典隊(duì)輕松戰(zhàn)勝了法國(guó)隊(duì)。(2)Her parents _ grief at the funeral.在葬禮上她的父母悲痛欲絕。(3)The dead woman had _ smoke.這個(gè)女人是被煙嗆死的。Overcame/were overcome with/been overcome by5convince vt.使確信，使信服，使認(rèn)識(shí)convincing adj.令人信服的；有說(shuō)服力的convinced adj.確信的；深信的；堅(jiān)信的convince

24、sb. of sth. 說(shuō)服某人相信某事convince sb. that. 使某人信服(相信)be convinced of. 確信be/feel firmly convinced that. 確信；篤信；堅(jiān)信 即學(xué)即練5(1)We finally _ them _ our adventure.We finally _ them _ our adventure.我們最終令他們信服了我們的冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷。(2)Her smile _ him _ she was happy.她的微笑使他確信她快樂。(3)They _ the result of the experiment finally.他們最終相

25、信了實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果。(4)I _ his guilt._he is guilty.我確信他有罪。Convinced of/convinced to believe/convinced that/were convinced of/am convinced ofthat (5)There is now _ evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.現(xiàn)有令人信服的證據(jù)說(shuō)吸煙能導(dǎo)致肺癌。convincing6direct vt.&vi. 導(dǎo)演；指揮；指示adj. 徑直的；直接的；直率的adv. 直接地direct sth. to/towards sth./s

26、b.direct sth. at/against sth./sb.把對(duì)準(zhǔn)(某方向或某人)direct sb. to sp. 給某人指路，為某人領(lǐng)路direct sb. to do sth. 指示/命令某人做某事that 從句(用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)the direct road/train 直通道路/直達(dá)列車be in direct contact with sb. 與某人有直接的聯(lián)系go direct to sp. 直接去某地 即學(xué)即練6(1)She prefers to _ rather than _.她寧愿當(dāng)演員，不愿當(dāng)導(dǎo)演。(2)The police officers had _ search

27、the building. 警察奉命搜查這棟大樓。(3)The judge _ that the mother be given custody of the child. 法官判決這孩子由母親照管。Act direct/been directed to/directed8whisper v&n.低語(yǔ)，耳語(yǔ)，私語(yǔ)；私下說(shuō)，低聲地說(shuō)in a whisper (in whispers) 低聲地whisper about sth. 密談某事It is whispered that. 有人私下說(shuō)whisper to sb. 對(duì)某人竊竊私語(yǔ)即學(xué)即練8(1)They debated it _.他們

28、低聲辯論。(2)The two girls were _ in the library.這兩個(gè)女孩在圖書館里低聲說(shuō)話。(3)After a few minutes, he _ the answer _ the creatures ear.過了幾分鐘，他小聲在這個(gè)動(dòng)物的耳旁說(shuō)出答案。(4)_ that he was heavily in debt.據(jù)說(shuō)他負(fù)債累累。in whispers/whispering/whispered in/It was whispered提示：whisper 后接雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接賓語(yǔ)無(wú)論在前還是在后，其前都要帶介詞 to, 即whisper sth. to sb. whisper to sb. sth.。類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有：announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布explain sth. to sb. 向某人解釋introduce sth. to sb. 向某人介紹suggest sth. to sb. 向某人提議report sth. to sb. 向某人報(bào)告9react vi.&vt. 反應(yīng)，反抗；起化學(xué)反應(yīng)，起作用react to sth. 對(duì)作出反應(yīng)react on (upo