人教版小升初英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)資料

1、.人教版小升初英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)資料一:學(xué)生易錯(cuò)詞匯1. a, an的選擇: 元音字母開(kāi)頭的單詞用an,輔音字母開(kāi)頭的單詞用a.2. am , is , are的選擇: 單數(shù)用is , 復(fù)數(shù)用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.3. have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物.單數(shù)用has , 復(fù)數(shù)用have. I ,you 用 have .4. there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物,某人.單數(shù)用there is , 復(fù)數(shù)用there are.5. some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問(wèn)句和否定句用any.6. 疑問(wèn)詞的選擇:what (什么) w

2、ho (誰(shuí)) where (哪里) whose (誰(shuí)的) why(為什么)when(什么時(shí)候)which(哪一個(gè))how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少錢(qián))二:形容詞比較級(jí)詳解當(dāng)我們需要對(duì)事物作出比較時(shí),需要用到比較級(jí).比較級(jí)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)通常是:什么 + 動(dòng)詞be (am , is , are ) + 形容詞比較級(jí) + than(比)+ 什么 ,如:I'm taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重.)An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大.)形容詞的比較級(jí)是在

3、形容詞的基礎(chǔ)上變化而來(lái)的,它的變化規(guī)則是: 一般的直接在詞尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e結(jié)尾的,直接加r ,如 fine - finer , 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的,先改y為i再加er,如funny - funnier 雙寫(xiě)最后的字母再加er,如big - bigger, thin - thinner ,hot - hotter注意 比較的兩者應(yīng)該是互相對(duì)應(yīng)的可比較的東西.典型錯(cuò)誤:My hair is longer than you.(我的頭發(fā)比你更長(zhǎng).)比較的兩者是我的頭發(fā),你(整個(gè)人),那么比較的對(duì)象就沒(méi)有可比性.應(yīng)該改為:My

4、 hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.比較級(jí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí): 一,從方框中選出合適的單詞完成句子 heavy tall long big(1) How is the Yellow River(2) How is Mr Green He's 175cm.(3) How are your feet I wear size 18.(4)How is the fish It's 2kg.三:動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式詳解動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有:A,規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 一般直接在動(dòng)詞的后面加ed:如 worked , learned

5、 , cleaned , visited 以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加d:如 lived , danced , used 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動(dòng)詞較少)如 study - studied carry - carried worry - worried (注意play,stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類) 雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母(此類動(dòng)詞較少)如 stoppedB,不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞(此類詞并無(wú)規(guī)則,須熟記)小學(xué)階段要記住以下動(dòng)詞的原形和過(guò)去式:sing - sang , eat - ate , see - saw , have - had , do - did , go - wen

6、t , take - took , buy - bought , get - got , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is - was ,are - were , say - said , leave - left , swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , lose - lost , find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt四:動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解 動(dòng)詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則: 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing

7、, going , working , singing , eating 以e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing 雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母的(此類動(dòng)詞極少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting五:人稱代詞與物主代詞一、人稱代詞 人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱Imeweus第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱hehimtheythemsheheritit二、物主代詞           數(shù)        人稱類別單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人

8、稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱形容詞性物主代詞myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性物主代詞mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs漢語(yǔ)我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他（她、它）們的六:句型專項(xiàng)歸類1.肯定句:是指用肯定的語(yǔ)氣來(lái)陳述的句子,如:I'm a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterda

9、y evening.2,否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I'm not a student. She is not (isn't) a doctor.He does not (doesn't) work in a hospital. There are not (aren't) four fans in our classroom.He will not (won't) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn't) watch TV yesterday evening.注意 小結(jié):否定句主要是在肯定句

10、的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞 "not".有動(dòng)詞be的句子則"not"加在be后面,可縮寫(xiě)成"isn't,aren't",但am not 一般都分開(kāi)寫(xiě).沒(méi)有動(dòng)詞be的句子則要先在主要?jiǎng)釉~的前面加上一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上"not",你也可以把它們縮寫(xiě)在 一起如"don't , doesn't , didn't ).這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)選擇,其中"does"只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況,而"di

11、d"只用于一般過(guò)去時(shí),不論主語(yǔ)是什么人 稱和數(shù),都用"did" .3,一般疑問(wèn)句:是指詢問(wèn)事實(shí)的句子,此類句子必須用"yes",或"no"來(lái)回答.如:Are you a student Yes, I am / No, I'm not.Is she a doctor Yes, she is. / No, she isn't.Does he work in a hospital Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.Are there four fans in our classr

12、oom Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.Are you going to buy a comic book tonight Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren't.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00 Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won't).Are they swimming Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.Did you watch TV yesterday eve

13、ning Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.注意 小結(jié):一般疑問(wèn)句是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上,把動(dòng)詞be調(diào)到首位,其他照寫(xiě),末尾標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)變成問(wèn)號(hào)即可.沒(méi)有動(dòng)詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞(do,does,did)再把緊跟在后面的動(dòng)詞變回原形,末尾標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)變成問(wèn)號(hào)即可.這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞也要根據(jù)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)選擇,其中"does"只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況,而"did"只用于一般過(guò)去時(shí),不論主語(yǔ)是什么 人稱和數(shù),都用"did" .一般疑問(wèn)句有個(gè)重要的原則就是問(wèn)和答要一致,即問(wèn)句里的第一個(gè)單詞(助動(dòng)詞)和簡(jiǎn)

14、略答句里的這個(gè)詞是一致的. 4,特殊疑問(wèn)句:以特殊疑問(wèn)詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開(kāi)頭引導(dǎo)的句子.此類句子應(yīng)該問(wèn)什么就答什么,不能用"yes ,no"來(lái)回答.如:What is this It's a computer.What does he do He's a doctor.Where are you going I'm going to Beijing.Who played football with you yesterday afternoon Mike.

15、Which season do you like best Summer.When do you usually get up I usually get up at 6:30.Whose skirt is this It's Amy's.Why do you like spring best Because I can plant trees.How are you I'm fine. / I'm happy.How did you go to Xinjiang I went to Xinjiang by train.其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特

16、殊疑問(wèn)詞組用來(lái)提問(wèn),如: how many(多少(數(shù)量), how much(多少(錢(qián)), how tall(多高), how long(多長(zhǎng)), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)例句:How many pencils do you have I have three pencils.How many girls can you see I can see four girls.How many desks are there in your classroom There are 51.小結(jié):how many 用來(lái)提問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量,主要有以上三種句式搭配,How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + do you have 你有多少How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + can you see 你能看見(jiàn)多少How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there 有多少七:完全,縮略形式: I'm=I am he's=he is she's=she is they're=they are you're=you are there's=there is they're=they