工期噪聲分析

1、(一) 施工期噪聲源分析施工期噪聲污染源主要來(lái)自建筑施工機(jī)械噪聲。建筑施工可分為：土石方階段，基礎(chǔ)工程階段，主體工程結(jié)構(gòu)階段和裝修階段。各階段施工機(jī)械噪聲特性分別如下表：表11土石方階段主要施工機(jī)械噪聲特性分 類施工機(jī)械名稱聲 級(jí)聲功率級(jí)/ dB指向特性距 離/mdB(A)翻斗車195翻斗車190翻斗車東風(fēng)19533383.688.880.7103.6106.398.3無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)推土機(jī)75馬力推土機(jī)國(guó)產(chǎn)D80D推土機(jī)俄108推土機(jī)100推土機(jī)D80-12推土機(jī)3553485.592.089.088.094.0105.5115.7112.5108.0115.0無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)挖掘機(jī)建設(shè)101挖掘機(jī)VB12

2、32挖掘機(jī)波蘭海鷗挖掘機(jī)KATO挖掘機(jī)WY挖掘機(jī)波蘭83挖掘機(jī)德VB挖掘機(jī)5551555584.084.086.079.075.585.083.6107.0107.5109.5114.099.0108.5107.0無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)裝載機(jī)ZL-90裝載機(jī)ZL-20裝載機(jī)ZL-20AA裝載機(jī)551585.783.784.0105.7105.7114.0無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)表12基礎(chǔ)階段主要施工機(jī)械噪聲特性分 類施工機(jī)械名稱聲 級(jí)聲功率級(jí)/ dB（A）指向特性距離/mdB(A)打樁機(jī)1.8噸導(dǎo)軌式打樁機(jī)B23型打樁機(jī)60P45C3噸打樁機(jī)KB4.5噸打樁機(jī)85P80C4.5噸打樁機(jī)2.5噸打樁機(jī)上海1.8噸導(dǎo)軌式打

3、樁機(jī)151515151515885.0104.0104.8104.099.696.092.5116.5136.0136.3136.0131.0127.5118.0有有較明顯較明顯較明顯較明顯較明顯打井機(jī)鉆機(jī)YKC22打井機(jī)大口徑工程鉆機(jī)31584.362.2101.896.8無(wú)無(wú)起重機(jī)NK-20B液壓起重機(jī)2DK起重機(jī)汽車起重機(jī)8151576.071.573.0102.0103.0103.0無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)平地機(jī)PY160A平地機(jī)PY160A平地機(jī)15385.787.5105.7-無(wú)無(wú)空壓機(jī)ZW-9/7型空壓機(jī)移動(dòng)式空壓機(jī)（1）15392.092.0127.0109.5無(wú)無(wú)移動(dòng)式空壓機(jī)（2）292.0無(wú)

4、風(fēng)鎬風(fēng)鎬（1）風(fēng)鎬（2）115102.579.0110.5113.0無(wú)無(wú)發(fā)電機(jī)20馬力柴油發(fā)電機(jī)199.0無(wú)表13結(jié)構(gòu)階段施工機(jī)械噪聲特性分 類施工機(jī)械名稱聲級(jí)聲功率級(jí)/ dB（A）指向特性距離/mdB(A)汽車起重機(jī)16噸汽車起重機(jī)1571.5103無(wú)塔式起重機(jī)塔式起重機(jī)塔式起重機(jī)（38噸）15275.073.0無(wú)無(wú)水泥泵車混凝土攪拌泵車混凝土攪拌車8483.090.6109110.06無(wú)無(wú)攪拌機(jī)400升攪拌機(jī)TW375漿式攪拌機(jī)渦流式攪拌機(jī)斗式攪拌機(jī)蛤蟆式攪拌機(jī)3223278.371.872.078.186.096.085.886.095.6無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)振搗棒50mm振搗棒混凝土振搗器215

5、87.078.0101.0112.0無(wú)無(wú)電鋸電鋸WJ-104型圓鋸機(jī)115103.084.0111.0119.0無(wú)無(wú)發(fā)電機(jī)柴油發(fā)電機(jī)295.0無(wú)表14裝修階段主要施工機(jī)械噪聲特性分 類施工機(jī)械名稱聲 級(jí)聲功率級(jí)/ dB（A）指向特性距離/mdB(A)砂輪鋸砂輪鋸386.5104.0有切割機(jī)切割機(jī)188.096.0有磨石機(jī)磨石機(jī)182.590.5有卷?yè)P(yáng)機(jī)電動(dòng)卷?yè)P(yáng)機(jī)184.085.090.0無(wú)起重機(jī)德國(guó)ZDK2.8t 1571.5103無(wú)電鋸木工電鋸1103.0110.0有電刨木工壓刨木工平刨2290.085.0電梯外用電梯283.0（資料引自：馬大猷噪聲與振動(dòng)控制工程手冊(cè)機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社。2002

6、。9）（二）施工期噪聲影響預(yù)測(cè)無(wú)指向性點(diǎn)聲源幾何發(fā)散衰減的基本公式為：L（r）=L(r0)-20lg(r/r0)（1）式中：L（r）、L(r0)分別為r、r0處的聲壓級(jí)如果已知r0處的A聲級(jí)，則：LA(r)=LA(r0)-20lg(r/r0)(2)式（1）和式（2）等效如果已知點(diǎn)聲源的A聲功率級(jí)LWA，且聲源處于半自由空間，則LA(r)=LWA-20lgr-8.(3)式（3）與式（1）等效建筑施工機(jī)械作業(yè)時(shí)，可視為處于半自由空間的點(diǎn)聲源，幫故適用式（3）根據(jù)土石方、基礎(chǔ)工程、主體工程結(jié)構(gòu)和裝修各建筑施工階段主要施工機(jī)械的噪聲特性，依（3）式可對(duì)各施工階段的施工機(jī)械噪聲影響范圍預(yù)測(cè)如下表：對(duì)未提

7、供聲功率級(jí)LWA數(shù)據(jù)的施工機(jī)械，依據(jù)（2）式計(jì)算LA（r）之預(yù)測(cè)值表21土石方階段主要施工機(jī)械噪聲隨距離的幾何發(fā)散衰減dB(A)分類施工機(jī)械名稱聲壓級(jí)LA( r0)聲功率級(jí)LWAdB(A)距 離r（米）距離r0（米）dB(A)102030405060708090100120140160180200翻斗車195翻斗車383.6103.675.669.666.163.661.660.158.757.656.555.654.052.751.550.549.6190翻斗車388.8106.378.372.368.866.364.362.861.460.359.258.356.755.454.253.2

8、52.3東風(fēng)195380.798.370.364.360.8558.356.354.853.452.351.250.348.747.446.245.244.3推土機(jī)75馬力推土機(jī)385.5105.577.571.568.065.563.562.060.659.558.457.555.954.653.452.451.5國(guó)產(chǎn)D80推土機(jī)592.0115.787.781.778.275.773.772.270.869.768.667.766.164.863.662.661.7俄108推土機(jī)589.0112.584.578.575.072.570.569.067.666.565.464.562.961

9、.660.459.458.5100推土機(jī)388.0108.080.074.070.568.066.064.563.162.060.960.058.457.155.954.954.0D80-12推土機(jī)494.0115.087.081.077.575.073.071.570.169.067.967.065.464.162.961.961.0挖掘機(jī)建設(shè)101挖掘機(jī)584.0107.079.073.069.567.065.063.562.161.059.959.057.456.154.953.953.0VB1232挖掘機(jī)584.0107.579.073.570.067.565.564.062.661.

10、560.459.557.956.655.454.453.5波蘭海鷗挖掘機(jī)586.0109.581.575.572.069.567.566.064.663.562.461.559.958.657.456.455.5KATO挖掘機(jī)1579.0114.086.080.076.574.072.070.569.168.066.966.064.463.161.960.960.0Wy挖掘機(jī)575.599.071.065.061.559.057.055.554.153.051.951.049.448.146.945.945.0波蘭83挖掘機(jī)585.0108.580.574.571.068.566.565.06

11、3.662.561.460.558.957.656.455.454.5德VB挖掘機(jī)583.0107.079.073.069.567.065.063.562.161.059.959.057.456.154.953.953.0裝載機(jī)ZL-90裝載機(jī)585.0105.777.771.768.265.763.762.260.859.758.657.756.154.853.652.651.7ZL-20裝載機(jī)583.7105.777.771.768.265.763.762.260.859.758.657.756.154.853.652.651.7ZL-20AA裝載機(jī)1584.0114.086.080.07

12、6.574.072.070.569.168.066.966.064.463.161.960.960.0表22基礎(chǔ)階段主要施工機(jī)械噪聲隨距離的幾何發(fā)散衰減dB(A)分類施工機(jī)械名稱聲壓級(jí)LA(ro)聲功率級(jí)LWAdB(A)距離r（米）距離ro（米）dB(A)102030405060708090100120140160180200打樁機(jī)1.8噸導(dǎo)軌式打樁機(jī)1585.0116.588.582.579.076.574.573.071.670.569.468.566.965.664.463.462.5B23型打樁機(jī)15104.0136.0108.0102.098.596.094.092.591.190.

13、088.988.086.485.183.982.982.060P45C3噸打樁機(jī)15104.0136.0108.0102.098.596.094.092.591.190.088.988.086.485.183.982.982.0KB4.5噸打樁機(jī)15104.0136.0108.0102.098.596.094.092.591.190.088.988.086.485.183.982.982.085P80C4.5噸打樁機(jī)1599.6131.0103.097.093.591.089.087.586.185.083.983.081.480.178.977.977.02.5噸打樁機(jī)1596.0127.5

14、99.593.590.087.585.584.082.681.580.479.577.976.675.474.473.5上海1.8噸導(dǎo)軌打樁機(jī)892.5118.090.084.080.578.076.074.573.172.070.970.068.467.165.964.964.0打井機(jī)yKC22打井機(jī)384.3101.873.867.864.361.859.858.356.955.854.753.852.250.949.748.747.8鉆機(jī)大口徑工程鉆機(jī)1562.296.868.862.859.356.854.853.351.950.849.748.847.245.944.743.742.

15、8起重機(jī)NK-20B液壓起重機(jī)876.0102.074.068.064.562.060.058.557.156.054.954.052.451.149.948.948.02DK起重機(jī)1571.5103.075.069.065.563.061.059.558.157.055.955.053.452.150.949.949.0汽車起重機(jī)1573.0103.075.069.065.563.061.059.558.157.055.955.053.452.150.949.949.0平地機(jī)Py160A平地機(jī)1585.7105.777.771.768.265.763.762.260.859.758.657.

16、756.154.853.652.651.7Py160A平地機(jī)387.577.171.067.565.063.161.560.159.058.057.155.554.153.051.951.0空壓機(jī)ZW-9/7型空壓機(jī)1592.0127.099.093.089.587.085.083.582.181.079.979.077.476.174.973.973.0移動(dòng)式空壓機(jī)（1）392.0109.581.575.572.069.567.566.064.663.562.461.559.958.657.456.455.5移動(dòng)式空壓機(jī)（2）292.078.072.068.566.064.062.561.1

17、60.059.058.056.555.153.952.952.0風(fēng)鎬風(fēng)鎬（1）1102.5110.582.576.573.070.568.567.065.664.563.462.560.959.658.457.456.5風(fēng)鎬（2）1579.0113.085.079.075.573.071.069.568.167.065.965.063.462.160.959.959.0發(fā)電機(jī)20馬力柴油發(fā)電機(jī)199.079.073.069.567.065.063.562.160.959.959.057.456.154.953.953.0打樁機(jī)噪聲輻射有明顯的指向特性，不同距離的預(yù)測(cè)聲壓級(jí)。僅供參考。表23結(jié)構(gòu)

18、階段主要施工機(jī)械噪聲隨距離的幾何發(fā)散衰減dB(A)分類施工機(jī)械名稱聲壓級(jí)LA(ro)聲功率級(jí)LWAdB(A)距 離r（米）距離(r0)(米)dB (A)102030405060708090100120140160180200汽車起重機(jī)16噸汽車起重機(jī)1571.5103.075.069.065.563.061.059.558.157.055.955.053.452.150.949.949.0塔式起重機(jī)塔式起重機(jī)1575.078.572.569.066.564.563.061.660.559.558.556.955.654.453.452.5塔式起重機(jī)(3-8)噸273.059.053.049.5

19、47.045.043.542.141.040.039.037.436.134.933.933.0水泥泵車混凝土攪拌泵車883.0109.081.075.071.569.067.065.564.163.061.961.059.458.156.955.955.0混凝土攪拌車490.6110.682.676.673.170.668.667.165.764.663.562.661.059.758.557.556.6攪拌機(jī)400升攪拌機(jī)378.396.068.062.058.556.054.052.551.150.048.948.046.445.143.942.942.0TW375漿式攪拌機(jī)271.88

20、5.857.851.848.345.843.842.340.939.838.737.836.234.933.732.731.8渦流式攪拌機(jī)272.086.058.052.048.546.044.042.541.140.038.938.036.435.133.932.932.0斗式攪拌機(jī)378.195.667.661.658.155.653.652.150.749.648547.646.044.743.542.541.6蛤蟆式攪拌機(jī)286.072.066.062.560.058.056.555.154.053.052.050.449.147.946.946.0振搗棒50mm振搗棒287.0101

21、.073.067.063.561.059.057.556.155.053.953.051.450.148.947.947.0混凝土振搗棒1578.0112.084.078.074.572.070.068.567.166.064.964.062.461.159.958.958.0電鋸電鋸1103.0111.083.077.073.571.069.067.566.165.063.963.061.460.158.957.957.0WJ-104型圓鋸機(jī)1584.0119.091.085.081.579.077.075.574.173.071.971.069.468.166.965.965.0發(fā)電機(jī)柴油

22、發(fā)電機(jī)295.081.075.071.569.067.065.564.163.062.061.059.458.156.955.955.0表24裝修階段主要施工機(jī)械噪聲隨距離的幾何發(fā)散衰減dB(A)分類施工機(jī)械名稱聲壓級(jí)LA(ro)聲功率級(jí)LWAdB(A)距 離r（米）距離(r0)(米)dB (A)102030405060708090100120140160180200砂輪鋸砂輪鋸386.5104.076.070.066.564.062.060.559.158.056.956.054.453.151.950.950.0切割機(jī)切割機(jī)188.096.068.062.058.556.054.052.551.150.048.948.046.445.143.942.942.0磨石機(jī)磨石機(jī)182.590.562.556.553.050.548.547.045.644.543.442.540.939.638.437.436.5卷?yè)P(yáng)機(jī)電動(dòng)卷?yè)P(yáng)機(jī)184.085.090.057.062.051.056.047.052.545.050.043.048.041.046.540.145.139.044.037.942.937.042.035.440.434.139.132.937.931.936.931.036.0起重機(jī)