江蘇省宜興市匯文中學(xué)八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)Unit1PastandPresent導(dǎo)學(xué)案3(無答案)(新版)牛津版

1、Unit 1 【課前自主學(xué)習(xí)】 重點(diǎn)詞組和句型翻譯 1. 我看過這本書許多次了。 _ 2. 我們好幾年沒看到彼此了。 _ 3. 我父母還沒有回來。 _ 4. 你最近看過電影嗎？ _ 5. 在過去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里 _ 6. 更多了解 _ 【課堂知識(shí)點(diǎn)撥】 語法講解 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(the present pefect tense ) 一.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的定義 1. We use the prese nt perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the prese nt.( 從過去開始一直持

2、續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作 ). 1) I have lived here since I was born. 2) He has lived here since he came to Nanjing. 2. We use the prese nt perfect tense to talk about an action that happe ned in the past and has a conn ection with the prese nt.( 發(fā)生在過去并和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系的動(dòng)作 ) 1) Eddie has just eaten Hobo s food. (Eddie ate the foo

3、d, and now Hobo has nothing to eat.) 2) I have lost my mobile phone. (I lost my mobile pho ne, and now I have no mobile pho ne to use.) 3. We also use the prese nt perfect tense to talk about how many times an action has happened till now. (到現(xiàn)在為 止動(dòng)作發(fā)生了多少次 ) I have already read this book ma ny times.

4、 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu) 1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句 主語+ _ + e.g. I have fini shed my homework. He has writte n six poems. They have see n that film. 2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句 主語+ _ + e.g. I have not see n the movie yet. He hasn t come here yet. h asn t = _ 3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句 _ + 主語+ Yes, 主語 + have / has. No, haven t = _ 主語 + have / has not. _

5、+ . ? 4. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的特殊疑問句e.g. 1) I have fini shed the work.( _ you _ the work? 2) She has arrived here.( _ she _ here? 改成一般疑問并回答） Yes, I _ . / No, I _ . 改成一般疑問并回答） Yes, she _ . / No, she _ 3 特殊疑問詞 + have / has + 主語+ V. pp + . ? e.g. I have lived here since I came here. _ (戈 U 線提問) _ you _ here? 三.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去

6、分詞的構(gòu)成 1.大多數(shù)的動(dòng)詞的過去分詞是規(guī)則的，只需在動(dòng)詞后加 -ed ； work T l isten jump T visit T 2.在以-e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后只加-d ; close T like T agree T moveT 3. 在以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)將 y 改為 i 再加 ed; study T carry T try T worry T 4. 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加 -ed ; stop T _ drop T _ 四不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成 1. 有些動(dòng)詞的原形和過去分詞相同； put T put hurt T hurt become T

7、become run T run 2. 改變單詞中間元音字母； sit Tsat win Twon hold T held 3. 把單詞結(jié)尾的字母 d 改為 t ; lend Tlent spend T spent send T sent 4. 以 eep 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把 eep 改為 ept ; keep T kept sleep T slept 5. 過去分詞以 aught 或 ought 結(jié)尾； teach T taught catch T caught buy T bought 6. 以 ay 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把 ay 變成 aid; say T_ pay T _ 7. 在原形詞尾力口 n

8、 或 en; give T _ eat T _ 還有些動(dòng)詞的過去分詞是不規(guī)則的，需要特殊記憶。（課本第 122 五.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的標(biāo)志詞 1. already 與 yet 2. ever 與 never ever 曾經(jīng) 主要用于疑問句 (放句中) never 從不 主要用于否定句 (放句中) 1) - _ you ever _(eat) Beiji ng Duck?-No, _ 2) He _ n ever _ (read) the story. 3) She s never seen the film, _ ? 3. just 與 recen tly just 岡財(cái) already 已經(jīng)”

9、（用于肯定句中，常放于行 yet yet 用于否定句中 用于疑問句中 是 already 的否定詞 “已經(jīng)， 還， 仍然” 為動(dòng)詞之前，其他動(dòng)詞之后 ） （放于句末） 1 ) I _ already _ the film.( 我已看過這部電影了 ） 否：I _ the film _ . 疑： _ you _ the film _ ? 2) I _ (not have) lunch yet. “還“已No , not _ 用于肯定句中 （放句中） 4 recently 不久前，最近 用于各種句式中 (放句中) 1) I _ just _ (see) him. 2) She _ (not see

10、) them recen tly. 3) _ you _ (use) it recen tly? 4) She _ (be) busy recen tly. 4. since 和 for + 一段時(shí)間常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 短語=for + 一段時(shí)間 句子(用一般過去時(shí)) 1) 常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) for+一段時(shí)間 動(dòng)詞必須可以延續(xù) 3) I 用 How long 提問 1) I _ (begi n) to work here in 2000 =I _ here since 2000. 2) They _ (not meet ) each other for years. 3) She _ (feel)

11、lon ely since she _ (move) here. since 短語和 for + 一段時(shí)間都用 how long 提問 4) I have lived here since I was born.( _ 戈 U 線提問) _ you _ here? 5. 次數(shù)(twice/ three times/ .)和 before(以前)單獨(dú)放句末常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 1) He _ (see) the film twice. _ he see n the film? 2) _ you _ (be) to Beiji ng Before? 6. over the (past/last) yea

12、rs 在(過去的)這幾年間 e.g. Great changes _ (take) place over the past ten years. 7. so far , up to now, un til/till now e. g. We _ (lear n) many En glish songs so . far. 【課后鞏固】 -、改寫句子 1.1 ve already had dinner.( 否 )I _ dinner _ . 2. He has already finished his homework.(否)He _ his homework 3. Mum s never co

13、oked the dinner. (反義疑問句)Mum s never cooked the dinner, ? 4. I have already done my homework.(疑) _ you _ your homework _ ? 5. She s ever read the book .(反義疑問句) She s ever read the book , _ _ ? 6. I worked here last year.( 用 since 改寫句子) I _ here _ last year 二.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確時(shí)態(tài)完成句子 1. Jack s mother isn t at h

14、ome. She _ (go) to the supermarket. 2. _ he ever _ (ride) a bike? 3. Li Ming _ (hurt) his arm last week. He _ already _ (stay) in bed 5 for five days. 4. Yesterday she _ (buy) one book. She _ (not read) it since the n. 5. I _ already _ (lose) my pen. I _(buy) it two days ago. 6. I _ (have) dinn er.

15、I am full. 7. We _ (read) this story twice. 8. They _ (see) the movie before. 9. She _ ust _ (buy) some nice toys. 10. He _ (not finish) the homework yet. He will try to finish it quickly. 11. _ Tom _ (write) letters to you recen tly? 12. We _ (move) to the new flat since last mon th. 13. The film _

16、 (be) on for about 20 minutes. Wemissed the beginning. 三.漢譯英 1. 你已經(jīng)制作好生日賀卡了嗎？ _ maki ng the birthday card _ ? 2. 我已經(jīng)吃過早飯了，現(xiàn)在一點(diǎn)也不餓。 I _ breakfast, and now I am not hungry at all. 3. 你這周日準(zhǔn)備做什么？一 還沒決定。 What are you going to do this Sun day? I _ . 4. 你讀過哈利波特這本書么？ 一是的，我已經(jīng)讀過好多遍了。 the book Harry Porter ? Yes, I _ it several