中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)中考動詞及句式總復(fù)習(xí)

1、【同步教育信息】本周教學(xué)內(nèi)容：寒假專題一一動詞及句式 動詞種類：謂語動詞：系動詞（be, look, feel, get, become），助動詞（be, do, have, will）情態(tài)動詞（can, may, must, would, should），行為動詞非謂語動詞：分詞，不定式，動名詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行（現(xiàn)在分詞） 過去進(jìn)行（現(xiàn)在分詞） 現(xiàn)在完成（過去分詞）（描述性時態(tài)）語態(tài)：J主動-被動（一般現(xiàn)在，一般將來，一般過去）語氣：丁陳述I虛擬主謂一致：語法一致（單復(fù)數(shù)）意義一致His family is a large one. His family are all teachers.就近一致（

2、neithernor, eitheror, not onlybut also, or, there be）One or two stude nts are coming this evening.句法：基本句型主謂主系表J主謂賓I主謂雙賓主謂復(fù)賓There be句子種類陳述J疑問一般，特殊，選擇，反意祈使.感嘆句子結(jié)構(gòu)-簡單 并歹U and, but, or, so復(fù)合狀語從句（when,if）,賓語從句，定語從句（that, who, where）謂語動詞:1.行為動詞（1）vt.必須跟賓語，語法意義才完整 有主被動語態(tài)，但在下列特殊句型中vt.后不能跟賓語haveto do有.要干give

3、to do給.干中考動詞及句式總復(fù)習(xí)時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在（第三人稱單數(shù)）Y 般過去（過去式）一般將來-（陳述性時態(tài)）完成進(jìn)行過去完成Its + adj. + to do（2）vi.不能直接跟賓語，只有主動語態(tài)，若要及物必須跟上相應(yīng)prep.（3）vt. & vi.open, close, burn, sing, study, sell, read, write, clean, keep, act, wash, feel2.系動詞系adj. adv. n. prep.從句，不定式，分詞（1）常見系動詞：be, become, seem, look, feel, smell, sound, ta

4、ste, turn, keep, get, look like,（2）固定搭配：keep silent, keep quiet, go bad, fall in/asleep, get+adj.，turnadj.（3）系動詞通常沒被動，少數(shù)有進(jìn)行時be feeling, be getting3.延續(xù)性v.與終止性v.（1）終止性v.表延續(xù)的轉(zhuǎn)換換時態(tài)：v. + ago換詞 ：arrive / get to / reach-be here / thereend-be overget back / return- be backborrow-keepbuy-havego- be therecome

5、-be here（2）終止性動詞的進(jìn)行時表將要或反復(fù)不斷的動作He is jumping over there.他在那邊反復(fù)跳。（3）延續(xù)性動詞與具體時刻的狀語連用時用進(jìn)行時We were waiting for you at 3 yesterday afternoon.（4）while引出的時間狀語從句中的v.必須用延續(xù)性動詞，多為進(jìn)行時。（5）終止性動詞否定until直到才延續(xù)性動詞肯定until一直干到為止英語基本句式：英語句子有五個基本句式。 這五個基本句式可以演變出多種復(fù)雜的英語句子。 絕大多數(shù) 英語句子都是由這五個基本句式生成的。SV主謂結(jié)構(gòu)SVF主系表結(jié)構(gòu)SVO主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)SVO1

6、O2主謂雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)SVOC主謂賓補結(jié)構(gòu)說明：S=主語；F=謂語；P=表語；0=賓語；01=間接賓語；02=直接賓語；C= 賓語補足語五個基本句式詳細(xì)解釋如下：1. S+V句式：在此句式中，V是不及物動詞，又叫自動詞（vi.）。例如：He runs quickly.他跑得快。They listened carefully.他們聽得很仔細(xì)。He suffered from cold and hunger.他挨凍受餓。My ink has run out.我的鋼筆水用完了。2. SVF句式:在此句式中，V是系動詞(link v. )，常見的系動詞有：look，seem，appear，sound，fee

7、l，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等。例如：He seen interested in the book.他似乎對這本書感興趣。The story sounds interesting.這個故事聽起來有趣。The desk feels hard.書桌摸起來很硬。The cake tastes nice.餅嘗起來很香。The flowers smell sweet and nice.花聞起來香甜。You have grown taller than before.你長得比以前高了。He has su

8、ddenly fallen ill.他突然病倒了。He becomes a teacher when he grew up.他長大后當(dāng)了教師。 注意：有些動詞同時也是及物動詞，可構(gòu)成SVO句式，例如：He looked me up and down.他上下打量我。They are tasting the fish.他們在品嘗魚。Please turn the sentence into English.請把這個句子譯成英語。3. S十V十0句式：在此句式中，V是及物動詞(vt.)，因此有賓語。例如：I saw a film yesterday.我昨天看了一部電影。Have you read t

9、he story?你讀過這個故事嗎?They found their home easily.他們很容易找到他們的家。They built a house last year.他們?nèi)ツ杲艘凰孔?。Theyve put up a factory in the village.他們在村里建了一座工廠。They have taken good care of the children.這些孩子他們照看得很好。4. SV0102句式：在此句式中，V是帶有雙賓語的及物動詞。常見的須帶雙賓語的 動詞有g(shù)ive，ask，bring，offer，send，pay，lend，show，tell，buy，get

10、，rob，warn等。例 如：He gave me a book/a book to me.他給我一本書。He brought me a pen/a pen to me.他帶給我一枝鋼筆。He offered me his seat/his seat to me.他把座位讓給我。 注意下邊動詞改寫后介詞的變化：Mother bought me a book/a book for me.媽媽給我買了一本書。He got me a chair/a chair for me.他給我弄了一把椅子。Please do me a favor/a favor for me.請幫我一下。5. S+V+0+C句

11、式：在此句式中，V是有賓語補足語的及物動詞。常帶賓語補足語的詞 有形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、名詞、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞。常見的可接賓語補足語的動詞很多， 哪些動詞可接哪幾種形式作賓補， 須根據(jù)動詞的慣 用法而定，不能統(tǒng)而概論。請看下面的例子。They made the girl angry.他們使這個女孩生氣了。They found her happy that day.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那天她很高興。They named the boy Charlie.他們給這個男孩起名為查理。I saw him come in and go out.我見他進(jìn)來又出去。They felt the car movi

12、ng fast.他們感到汽車行駛得很快。I heard the glass broken just now.我剛才聽到玻璃碎了。模擬試題】（答題時間：45分鐘）.選擇填空：1. She came hereA. since a month agoC. a month ago2. They got here _.A. a moment agoC. since a moment ago3. My father has lived hereA. for three yearsC. for three years ago4. Lucy and Lily _ in Beijing for nearly t

13、wo years.A. areB. wereC. will beD.have been5. My uncle _ since he left school.A. smokedB. was smokingC. has smokedD.had smoked6. They _ 100,000 trees by the end of 1994.A. plantedB. has plantedC. have plantedD.had planted7. By the time Dave got up , his mother _ breakfast.A. has cookedB. had cookedC

14、. cookedD.have cooked8. He said that he_ never _ such abeautiful picture before.A.hasseenB. had.seenC. haveseenD.wasseeing9. My sister _ for three years before she went to college.A. had workedB. workedC. has workedD.have worked10. Look! They _ their classroom.A. cleanB. are cleaningC. cleanedD.was

15、cleaning.根據(jù)對話，用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：A: Wheres Kate?B: She_ 1_ (go) to London.A: When _2_ she _3_ (leave)?B: She _4_ (leave)early this morning.A: How _5_ she _ 6_ (go) there?B: She _7_ (go) there by plane .A: When _8_she _9_ (come) back ?B: Sorry, I dont know. Perhaps she _10_ (get) back in a month.三.閱讀短文并用所給

16、動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and _ (begin) a new service. The“taxi is”a small Swiss aero phane called a“Pilatus Porter”. This wonderful plane can carry sevenpassengers. Captain Fawcetts first passenger_d_o_ct(obrew) aho _ (fly) from Birmingham toa lonely village in the We

17、lsh mountains. Since then, Captain Fawcett _ (fly) passengers tomany unusual places. Once he _ (land) on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion,he _ (land) in a deserted car park. Captain Fawcett _ just _ (refuse) a strange requestfrom a business man. The man _ (want) to fly to Rockall

18、, but Captain Fawcett _B. for a monthD. next monthB. for a momentD. sometimesB. since three yearsD. three years ago(not take) him because the trip _ (be) too dangerous.四.閱讀理解:(A) Can You Make Short Phone Calls？Phones are very useful to us, and we cant work without them. But phones also bring trouble

19、s.For example, a friend wants to tell you his or her latest health problem on the phone. You are very busy, so youhave to cut your friend off. What will you say?When you answer a call, dontask questions like“How are things?”because these questions will makethem think that you have time to talk longe

20、r. After“hello,”get right to the heart of thematter you want to say.When you make a call, you should call at the right time. If you call right before lunch or dinner, or at the end ofthe work day, people will not talk too much.When you call someone and do not want to talk longer, you may start with,

21、“Hi, Ive only gota few minutes, but I want to talk to you about”or,“dlike to talk more, but I only have a few minutes before Ihave to go.”If you dontwant to spend time talking to someone, you must say,“Id like to talk to youlonger, but I must say Goodbye.”Dont wait for the answer.If someone does not

22、 stop talking and you have to leave, you can ask someone in your home to help you. Forexample, you signal to your father, and your father says loudly,“Mary, I think thebread is burning!”() 1. When you want to make a short phone call, you should say: _ and then go right tothe matter.A. How are things

23、?B. Whats new?C. How are you doing?D. I only have three minutes before I have to leave.() 2. When you want to stop talking, you can say: _A. I have to go now. Goodbye.B. Im glad to talk to you. What can I do for you?C. So, what else is new?D. Hi. How are things?() 3. If someone does not stop talking

24、 and you have to leave, you can _A. ask someone in your home to help you.B. shout to him loudly.C. cry loudly.D. Throw the phone to the floor.(B) How to Use an A TMPat Brown went to her bank to ask for an ATM card. It looks like a credit card. A few weekslater, the bank posted her a card and a four-

25、number personal identification number (PIN). Her PIN is 1234.As Pat was getting ready for bed one night, she remembered that she had $2 in her bag. The n ext day shehad to give $10 for a lunch for a co-worker. She did n twa nt to get up early to go to the bank. So she had to go tothe bank at ni ght.

26、 She used her ATM card to withdraw （take out） $50 from her checking account （現(xiàn)金帳戶） .These are the steps she followed to withdraw mon ey. First, she put her card in the lower slot （狹孑L） onthe right side of the machine. She made sure her card was facing the right way. Second, the computer screen said,

27、Please enter （put in） your PIN. ” Pat pressed （按）the number 1,2,3, and4. next, the screen said, Please select type of transaction （交易）you want by press other keys.”Pat pressedthe bottom key for withdraw ing mon ey.Then the screen said, From which account?”The choices it gave were Checking, Savings,

28、and MoneyMarket. Pat pressed the key for checking. Next, the screen said, Please choose amount of transaction.”Patpushed the number 5 and then 0 three times, until the screen read, 50.00”. The scree n the n read, Pleasewait”.ln less tha n a minu te, it read, Please put up the lid and take your money

29、.”Pat lifts the lid marked Withdraw. She counted her $50 to make sure the A TM hadn made a mistake. Thenshe waited for her withdraw slip to come out of the slot at the upper right corner of the machine. Pat checked theslip to make sure it was correct. Then her ATM card was returned through the card

30、slot. She put it in her bag andwalked away. If Pat had made a mistake at any point by press ing the wrong butt on, she could have pressedCancel and started over aga in.What you should doWhat computer should sayPut her card in the lower slot.En ter （put in） your PIN1.2.Press the bottom key for withdraw ing moneySelect type of