全國疾控衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急培訓(xùn)之7-Emergency Planning衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急預(yù)案

1、HEALTH EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANNING衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急預(yù)案Dr Mukundan PillayTeam Leader Building Healthy Communities and PopulationsWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONCHINA Describe the steps of emergency response planning process in terms of inputs, outputs and outcomes 以輸入、輸出和結(jié)果的形式描述編制應(yīng)急預(yù)案的過程 Create flowcharts for emergency

2、response planning 建立編制應(yīng)急預(yù)案流程圖 To identify the various plans that must be developed and the harmonization between them 明確需要制定的各種預(yù)案和它們之間的協(xié)調(diào)What is an emergency response plan? 應(yīng)急預(yù)案是什么？Why to develop emergency response and recovery plans?為什么要制定應(yīng)急和恢復(fù)預(yù)案？How are emergency response planning processes differ

3、ent from routine planning processes for the health sector?衛(wèi)生部門應(yīng)急預(yù)案編制過程與常規(guī)預(yù)案編制過程有什么不同？An integrated set of long-term, multi-sectoral development activities一套長期的、多部門參與的完整制定活動一套長期的、多部門參與的完整制定活動Goal: to achieve an increasing level of “readiness” within communities to cope with any situation which demand

4、s an emergency response, using their own resources. This requires the development and maintenance of :目標(biāo)：實(shí)現(xiàn)社區(qū)內(nèi)需要應(yīng)急響應(yīng)以處理各種情況目標(biāo)：實(shí)現(xiàn)社區(qū)內(nèi)需要應(yīng)急響應(yīng)以處理各種情況“準(zhǔn)備準(zhǔn)備”水平水平的提高，并且用它自己的資源。這需要發(fā)展和維持：的提高，并且用它自己的資源。這需要發(fā)展和維持：Political authority, policy for EMPlans and Procedures for EM and Recovery training and educationIns

5、titutional and human resources for EMPublic awareness & educationSystem for the collection, analysis and distribution of information related to emergencies Emergency Preparedness Program - Reminder應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備項(xiàng)目應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備項(xiàng)目-提醒提醒EM的政治支持和政策的政治支持和政策EM的應(yīng)急預(yù)案和程序和恢復(fù)的訓(xùn)練和教育的應(yīng)急預(yù)案和程序和恢復(fù)的訓(xùn)練和教育EM的應(yīng)急機(jī)構(gòu)和人力資源的應(yīng)急機(jī)構(gòu)和人力資源公共意識和教

6、育公共意識和教育應(yīng)急相關(guān)信息的搜集、分析和發(fā)布系統(tǒng)應(yīng)急相關(guān)信息的搜集、分析和發(fā)布系統(tǒng)PublicSafetyRisk ManagementEmergency ManagementHazard ReductionVulnerability ReductionEmergency PreparednessDamage Assessment & Needs AnalysisEpidemiology and ReportingMass Casualty ManagementHospital PlanningCurative CareShelter and SecurityWater and Sa

7、nitationControl of Communicable DiseaseFood and NutritionReproductive HealthPsychosocial NeedsMedical Supplies and LogisicsMedia and Public InformationRecovery and Rehabilitationsafer communities+Response plans公共安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理減少災(zāi)害降低易損性應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)急管理 損傷評估&需求分析流行病學(xué)調(diào)查和報(bào)告大規(guī)模人員傷亡管理醫(yī)院預(yù)案醫(yī)療護(hù)理住房和安全飲水和衛(wèi)生傳染病控制食物與營養(yǎng)生

8、殖健康心理社會需求醫(yī)療設(shè)備供應(yīng)和后勤保障媒體和公共信息恢復(fù)和康復(fù)安全社區(qū)+應(yīng)急預(yù)案q ERP focuses on: ERP重點(diǎn)關(guān)注重點(diǎn)關(guān)注:Coordination and management systems of resources from several sectors協(xié)調(diào)和不同部門的資源管理系統(tǒng)emergency management and incident management systems應(yīng)急管理和事故管理系統(tǒng)Management of information 信息管理q arrangements for intra-sectoral and inter-sectoral

9、coordination of activities and mobilization of resources (surge capacity)q 部門內(nèi)和部門間活動協(xié)調(diào)和資源動員的安排（應(yīng)變能力）q What are the characteristics of routine planning in your field of activity?q 你所參與的領(lǐng)域常規(guī)預(yù)案的特點(diǎn)是什么？THE RATIONALE FORDEVELOPINGRESPONSE PLANS制定應(yīng)急預(yù)案的依據(jù)qWhat may be the different activities, situations and

10、 risks.that the Health Sector must think of when developing response plan and contingency plans ?q衛(wèi)生部門在制定應(yīng)急預(yù)案和應(yīng)變計(jì)劃時(shí)必須考慮可能不同的活動、情況和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是什么？qWith what the response plan of the Health Sector must deal with ?q衛(wèi)生部門必須用什么樣的應(yīng)急預(yù)案進(jìn)行處理？qCasualty management (first aid, triage, transport, pre-hospital care, in-pat

11、ient care, out-patient care)qCommunicable disease control (surveillance, tracking, treatment, prophylaxis, isolation and quarantine)qContinuity of delivery of critical services for all emergency patientsqManagement of the dead and missingqManagement of information (public information; support activi

12、ties; health info system)qMental healthqEnvironmental healthqReproductive healthqPublic health programs (continuity of essential programs)q人員傷亡管理（急救、傷員鑒別分類、轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、院前急救、住院治療、門診治療）q 傳染病控制（監(jiān)測、跟蹤、治療、預(yù)防、隔離和檢疫）q 對所有應(yīng)急病人關(guān)鍵性服務(wù)的延續(xù)性q 死亡和失蹤人員的管理q 信息的管理（公共信息、支持活動、健康信息系統(tǒng)）q 心理健康q 環(huán)境衛(wèi)生 q 生殖健康q 公共衛(wèi)生計(jì)劃（ 重要計(jì)劃的延續(xù)性）Plannin

13、g based on risk analysis is planning for any emergency, by predicting: what might happen when it might happen where it might occur how big it might be what effect it might have how long it might last (emergency period + recovery period) What are the strategies to respond and recover 基于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析的預(yù)案是適用于任何緊

14、急情況，通過預(yù)測： 可能發(fā)生什么 可能什么時(shí)候發(fā)生- 可能在哪里發(fā)生- 它的影響可能有多大- 它可能有什么影響？- 它可能會持續(xù)多久（應(yīng)急期+恢復(fù)期）- 應(yīng)對和恢復(fù)的策略是什么Disaster Management is:80% generic15% specific5% uniqueto all disastersto the hazardto the event1. OrganizationEOCearthquaketimecoordinationlarge numbers of trapped and injuredplacecommunicationslarge numbers of

15、homeless and displacedweathertransportlarge numbers of dead and missinglogistics and suppliesgeographyinformation and mediadead, injured and missing staffclimatereporting and surveillancedamaged critical infrastructure / resources (hospitals, vehicles)loss of water, gas, electricity, phone, transpor

16、t, fuel networkssecurity2. Responseloss of road, sea, air, rail infrastructure / accesssearch and rescuepoliticsevacuationlong period of SAR, victim extractioneconomymass casualty managementhigh demand for FA, stretchers, triage, medical transportgovernancemanagement of dead and missinghigh demand f

17、or beds, surgery, blood products, referralsecuritywound infections, amputations, tetanus, dust inhalationemergency management capacitytemporary shelter, clothing and utensilshigh demand for orthotics, prosthetics, disability, dentallogistics capacityemergency water, sanitation and energydemand for s

18、pecialized spinal and head injury caredisposal of inappropriate donationsemergency food supplieshigh demand for temporary shelter, food, utensils, stoves,emergency public and environmental health water, energy, clothing, tents, blanketsleadershipemergency engineering and public workshigh demand for

19、psychosocial support of victims and staffsolidaritymanagement of donated supplies / foreign teamsmorale3. Recoveryfew outbreaks of communicable diseasescorruptionvariable demand for medicines and equipmentcrimecurative and public health care (acute / chronic injury care - high, infectious disease -

20、low,lootingeducation potentially unstable chronic disease - medium)agriculturecompensation claimstrade and commercecontamination of water, air and soilinsurance claimstoxic chemical, sewerage and gas leaks / spills4. Rehabilitation and Reconstructionurban fires, explosionsownership disputespeoplecon

21、taminated, infested and unsafe foodsproperty disputespropertyincreased vector breedingserviceslivelihoodsloss of livelihoods, markets, distribution networksenvironmentTHIS IS WHAT WE PLAN FOR .Emergency Response Plan and Recovery Plan應(yīng)急預(yù)案和恢復(fù)計(jì)劃q an agreed set of arrangements for responding to, and re

22、covering from emergenciesq 針對從緊急情況響應(yīng)和恢復(fù)的一個(gè)一致的安排體系，q plans involve the description ofq 預(yù)案包括對以下內(nèi)容的描述 Responsibilities 職責(zé) management structures 管理結(jié)構(gòu) resource and information management 資源和信息管理 Logistics management 后勤保障管理 Training and exercises 培訓(xùn)和演練q plans focus on protecting life, property and the env

23、ironmentq 預(yù)案側(cè)重于生命、財(cái)產(chǎn)和環(huán)境的保護(hù)q Outcomes 結(jié)局A response plan will define and discuss : a line of authority and clear responsibilities of all the stakeholders involved the management systems: ICP; EOC; EEC the communications system alert and warning mechanisms public information arrangements resource manag

24、ement (human, financial and material) Monitoring, reporting and accounting arrangements應(yīng)急預(yù)案會規(guī)定和闡述： 一系列的權(quán)威和所有利益相關(guān)者明確的職責(zé) 管理制度： ICP; EOC; EEC 通訊系統(tǒng) 警報(bào)和預(yù)警機(jī)制 公共信息的安排 資源管理（人力、財(cái)力和物力） 監(jiān)測、報(bào)告和財(cái)務(wù)安排q Clear responsibilities (who, what, when, how, with whom, where)q 明確的職責(zé)（誰，什么，何時(shí)，如何，和誰在一起，在哪里）q All key stakeholder

25、s need to be involved in the planning process, including:q 所有關(guān)鍵的利益相關(guān)者必須參與預(yù)案的過程，包括： agencies with disaster responsibilities 災(zāi)難職責(zé)部門 community members / groups 社區(qū)成員/團(tuán)體 Institutions and legal authorities 相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)和執(zhí)法部門q Relevant to emergency events: 與緊急事件相關(guān)的: large scale; complex; relatively rare; hard to pr

26、edict 大規(guī)模的；復(fù)雜的；較為罕見的；很難預(yù)測的q Consequences of poor decisions can be acuteq 拙劣的決定的后果可能是嚴(yán)重的q Scrutiny of mistakes is often in detail and in publicq 對所犯錯(cuò)誤的調(diào)查通常是詳盡和公開的Community Risk Management Plan社區(qū)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理預(yù)案Provincial EmergencyDisaster Plans省級災(zāi)難預(yù)案National Emergency Disaster Plan國家災(zāi)難應(yīng)急預(yù)案HazardSpecificPlans特定

27、危害預(yù)案Agencies SpecificPlans (hospitals)機(jī)構(gòu)具體預(yù)案（醫(yī)院）SectoralPlans部門預(yù)案Intersectoral in nature實(shí)際上是跨部門的Context of emergency plans for a community一個(gè)社區(qū)的應(yīng)急預(yù)案內(nèi)容The following sectors are involved in the emergency planning process:以下部分包含于應(yīng)急預(yù)案的制定過程中：以下部分包含于應(yīng)急預(yù)案的制定過程中：How these sectors can contribute to the develo

28、pment of the health sector response plan?這些方面如何能夠有助于衛(wèi)生部門應(yīng)急預(yù)案的制定呢？ Communications 通訊 Police 警察 relief and rescue 救濟(jì)和救援 Health 健康 social welfare 社會福利社會福利 Transport 交通 public works 公共建設(shè)工程 also agriculture, media, education, fire, ambulance, engineering, meteorology 同時(shí)包括農(nóng)業(yè)、傳媒、教育、消防、救護(hù)車、工程、氣象Policy, guid

29、elines, standardsNationallevelCommunitiesShould be allowedDevelop and implementPreparedness activitiesVulnerability reduction plansEmergency response plansNational & provincial levels = support communities in their workMobilise extra-resourcesInternational org & assistanceProvinciallevelEmer

30、gency Preparedness ProgramMitigation plansRehabilitation and recovery plansPolicy - Guidelines Standards Community Plans and Role of the MOH政策政策 、 指南指南 、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)國家級水平國家級水平社區(qū)應(yīng)該包括社區(qū)應(yīng)該包括制定和實(shí)施制定和實(shí)施準(zhǔn)備活動準(zhǔn)備活動減少易損性的預(yù)案減少易損性的預(yù)案應(yīng)急預(yù)案應(yīng)急預(yù)案國家國家&省級水平省級水平=對社區(qū)工作的支持對社區(qū)工作的支持額外資源的調(diào)動額外資源的調(diào)動國際組織國際組織&援助援助省級水平省級水平應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備項(xiàng)

31、目應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備項(xiàng)目減災(zāi)預(yù)案減災(zāi)預(yù)案康復(fù)和恢復(fù)預(yù)案康復(fù)和恢復(fù)預(yù)案政策政策 - 指南指南 - 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) - 社區(qū)預(yù)案和衛(wèi)生部的作用社區(qū)預(yù)案和衛(wèi)生部的作用The role of national authorities is to support local planning processes by establishing the planning framework:國家當(dāng)局的作用是通過建立預(yù)案的框架以支持地方預(yù)案進(jìn)程q setting national policies for risk reduction, emergency preparedness, emergency response

32、and disaster recoveryq 制定降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備、應(yīng)急響應(yīng)和災(zāi)難恢復(fù)的國家政策 q issuing technical guidelines and administrative procedures for the process of planning and for the implementation of the policy (contents of the plans, etc.)q 為預(yù)案過程和政策實(shí)施的提供技術(shù)指導(dǎo)原則和行政程序（計(jì)劃的內(nèi)容等） q developing national plans (multi-sectoral; sectoral; c

33、ontingency) for those situations that are not under the direct responsibility of local authoritiesq 對地方當(dāng)局不負(fù)直接責(zé)任的情況制定的國家預(yù)案（多部門；部門；意外事故）q developing procedures for how national resources can be deployed in an emergencyq 制定國家資源如何能夠在緊急情況下使用的程序q allocating funds to support the development of new local ca

34、pacity and for local risk reductionq 撥款以支持新地方能力的發(fā)展和減少當(dāng)?shù)仫L(fēng)險(xiǎn)q planning for those hazards that are not the primary responsibility of local government e.g. Securityq 對于當(dāng)?shù)卣牟回?fù)首要責(zé)任的危害制定預(yù)案，如：安全q international cooperation and assistance q 國際合作與援助WHAT ARE THE PRESENT CONSTRAINTS IN YOUR COUNTRY ?q 你們國家目前的限制是

35、什么？q Reduce the vulnerabilities of its own infrastructures and systems: hospital mitigation; EMS System; etc.q 降低自身基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和系統(tǒng)脆弱性：醫(yī)院減災(zāi); EMS系統(tǒng)等等q Raise awareness first of the health staff then of the general public (in collaboration with other sectors) q 首先提高衛(wèi)生工作人員的認(rèn)識，然后(與其他部門合作）提高一般公眾的認(rèn)識q Reduce health

36、consequences of crisis and major emergencies (core function of the health sector). A “health emergency management program/unit” should be institutionalised within the MOH; development of emergency response plansq 減少危機(jī)和重大突發(fā)事件的健康后果（衛(wèi)生部門的核心職能）。一個(gè)“健康應(yīng)急管理項(xiàng)目/單元” 應(yīng)當(dāng)是在衛(wèi)生部內(nèi)制度化，制定應(yīng)急預(yù)案q Assume its normative ro

37、le and lead function (guidance) in health (emergency preparedness and risk management)q 承擔(dān)其在衛(wèi)生方面的規(guī)范的作用和主要功能（指導(dǎo)）（應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理）q Integration strategy q 整合策略整合策略q Vulnerability reduction and hazard mitigationq 降低易損性和減輕危害降低易損性和減輕危害q Community risk management frameworkq 社區(qū)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理框架社區(qū)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理框架q Inter-sectoral coop

38、eration 部門內(nèi)部協(xié)調(diào)部門內(nèi)部協(xié)調(diào)q Planning based on existing resources (all types)q 基于現(xiàn)有資源的預(yù)案編制（所有類型）基于現(xiàn)有資源的預(yù)案編制（所有類型）q Decentralization of the response capacityq應(yīng)急能力的分散化應(yīng)急能力的分散化q Community participation (and end-users)q社區(qū)參與（和最終用戶）社區(qū)參與（和最終用戶）q Institutionalization of an emergency/disaster Unit within the MOHq 在

39、衛(wèi)生部內(nèi)緊急適合和災(zāi)害項(xiàng)目的制度化在衛(wèi)生部內(nèi)緊急適合和災(zāi)害項(xiàng)目的制度化THE EMERGENCY PLANNING PROCESS應(yīng)急預(yù)案編制過程q Determine the authority responsible for the processq 確定由官方負(fù)責(zé)預(yù)案編制過程q Establish a planning committee and objectives; management structure of the processq 建立預(yù)案編制委員會和目標(biāo)；編制過程的管理結(jié)構(gòu)q Conduct a risk assessment - hazards and community

40、 vulnerabilities (core elements) q 實(shí)施風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估-危險(xiǎn)和社區(qū)易受損性（核心要素）q Assign responsibilitiesq 分配職責(zé)q Identify and analyse capacities and resourcesq 識別和明確能力和資源q Develop the emergency management systems and arrangementsq 制定應(yīng)急管理系統(tǒng)和安排q Document the planq Test the plan; Review and update the plan on a regular basis

41、q 檢驗(yàn)預(yù)案；在一個(gè)規(guī)則的基礎(chǔ)上評審和更新預(yù)案q A set of emergency response plans who does what when using existing capacity:q 一組應(yīng)急預(yù)案-在目前的能力水平下，誰該做什么事情 search and rescue plan 搜救預(yù)案 evacuation / temporary shelter plan 疏散/臨時(shí)安置預(yù)案 mass casualty plan / hospital plans 大規(guī)模傷亡預(yù)案/醫(yī)院預(yù)案 sectoral relief plans (food, water, health, life

42、lines etc.) 部門救援預(yù)案（食物，水、健康、命脈等） security plans 安全預(yù)案 Mitigation; EWS (MCM: all hazards) 減輕損失； EWS (MCM: 所有危害) q A disaster recovery and reconstruction plan (education, agriculture, public works etc.)q 災(zāi)害恢復(fù)和重建預(yù)案（教育、農(nóng)業(yè)、公共建設(shè)工程等）The planning process is a sequence of steps whereby a planning entity (e.g.

43、government, community) agrees on ways to enhance and protect its own safety. It is an interactive and iterative process that should lead to:預(yù)案編制的過程是一系列的步驟，在這個(gè)步驟中預(yù)案編制實(shí)體（如政府、社區(qū)）達(dá)成能夠提高和保護(hù)他們自身安全的方法。這是一個(gè)交互的、反復(fù)的過程以達(dá)到：q better understanding of the roles and responsibilities of all members of the community

44、in prevention, mitigation, and responseq 更好地理解社區(qū)所有成員在預(yù)防，減災(zāi)和響應(yīng)過程中的作用和責(zé)任q greater awareness of risk reduction in the communityq 更加注重社區(qū)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的降低q higher levels of readiness to respond and to recoverq 更高水平的反應(yīng)和恢復(fù)準(zhǔn)備q an emergency response plan and a recovery plan (and contingency plans when relevant)q 應(yīng)急預(yù)案和恢復(fù)

45、計(jì)預(yù)案（意外事件預(yù)案）q increased public safety (including for the health sector such as safer hospitals, etc.)q 提高公眾的安全（包括衛(wèi)生部門，如更安全的醫(yī)院等）How do we know a plan is a functional plan?我們?nèi)绾未_定一個(gè)預(yù)案是否是有用的預(yù)案？q it meets the national planning criteria and policy ?q 它符合國家預(yù)案編制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和政策？q it conforms to the national planning fo

46、rmat ?q 它符合國家預(yù)案編制的格式？q it has been developed through a true emergency planning process (from vulnerability analysis up to participation of end-users) ?q 它已經(jīng)通過一個(gè)真正的應(yīng)急預(yù)案的制定過程？（從脆弱性分析到最終用戶的參與）？q it is tested, validated and regularly exercised ?q 它是經(jīng)過檢驗(yàn)，驗(yàn)證和定期演練的？q all key staff are familiar with the det

47、ails of the plan and know their responsibilities ?q 所有主要工作人員熟悉該預(yù)案的細(xì)節(jié)，知道他們的職責(zé)是什么？q WHAT DO YOU WANT TO ADD?q 你還想補(bǔ)充什么？ It is essential to:這些是非常重要的q simulate an emergency to test the planq 模擬應(yīng)急情況來測試該預(yù)案q familiarise all staff with the planq 讓所有工作人員都熟悉該計(jì)劃q brief all new staff about the planq 讓新員工簡要掌握預(yù)案q

48、familiarise local government, emergency services and the community with the planq 讓當(dāng)?shù)卣瑧?yīng)急服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)和社區(qū)熟悉預(yù)案q train those staff with special roles and responsibilities in the planq 培訓(xùn)在計(jì)劃中起特殊的作用和承擔(dān)責(zé)任的工作人員q review and update the plan after an emergency, after each simulation and whenever new resources are ac

49、quiredq 在應(yīng)急情況后、每次模擬后和每次獲得新信息時(shí)，審查和更新預(yù)案q conduct regular exercisesq 定期進(jìn)行演練q the plan (paper document) is given more importance than the planning process itselfq 與預(yù)案編制過程比較，預(yù)案（書面的文件）往往更被重視q not key community members (or staff of the institutional plan) are aware of the existence of a planq 非社區(qū)主要成員（或機(jī)構(gòu)預(yù)案

50、的工作人員）意識到計(jì)劃的存在q revision is overlookedq 忽視修訂q emergency planning is not integrated into normal activities (integration strategy) whenever possibleq 應(yīng)急預(yù)案沒有盡可能的完整納入正常活動（一體化戰(zhàn)略）q different plans are developed for different hazards by different agencies the all hazards approach should be preferred (no sy

51、nergy; no compatibility)q 不同的機(jī)構(gòu)根據(jù)不同的危害制定了不同的計(jì)劃-應(yīng)該首選全危害的做法（無協(xié)同作用，沒有兼容性）q no or weak training programsq 沒有或輕視項(xiàng)目的培訓(xùn)q what do you want to add?q 你還想補(bǔ)充什么？ Plans are out of date as soon as they are published 預(yù)案剛被印刷出來的時(shí)候就過時(shí)了PLANS NEED REGULAR REVIEW預(yù)案需要定期評審 Procedures, policies and guidelines are needed to

52、guide the planning process at local level 需要程序，政策和準(zhǔn)則來指導(dǎo)地方一級的預(yù)案編制過程q implemented selectively by those agencies which have been delegated that responsibility by the Government or by the communityq由代表政府或社區(qū)的機(jī)構(gòu)來選擇性的執(zhí)行q it is vital that.agenciesq這是至關(guān)重要的.機(jī)構(gòu). . . professionally managed 專業(yè)化管理 adequately reso

53、urced 資源充足 highly trained 訓(xùn)練有素 demonstrated competence 論證能力 emergency management family 家庭應(yīng)急管理Define the ERM policy of the Agency界定機(jī)構(gòu)的界定機(jī)構(gòu)的ERM政策政策Enter the planing process (ERM)進(jìn)入預(yù)案編制過程進(jìn)入預(yù)案編制過程（ERM）Allocation of required resources of all kind分配各種有需要的資分配各種有需要的資源源Implementation: activities role functi

54、ons執(zhí)行情況：活動執(zhí)行情況：活動-角色角色-功功能能Monitoring reevaluation process監(jiān)測監(jiān)測-再評價(jià)過程再評價(jià)過程ERM process for an Agency機(jī)構(gòu)的機(jī)構(gòu)的ERM過程過程As part of an overall emergency response plan for the Asian Games, you are requested to prepare the Health Sector Response Plan.作為亞運(yùn)會總體應(yīng)急預(yù)案的一部分，你被要求準(zhǔn)備衛(wèi)生部門的應(yīng)預(yù)案. .Instructions as follows:說明如下

55、：to identify a city in one country of your choice1. 根據(jù)你的選擇找出一個(gè)國家的一個(gè)城市2. to discuss potential problems, which can impact on health in this city2 . 討論可以對這個(gè)城市居民的健康產(chǎn)生影響發(fā)的潛在問題3. to identify the stakeholders who will be involved to contribute to the management of these health problems3 . 確定對這些健康問題的管理作出貢獻(xiàn)的

56、利益相關(guān)者4. to identify the key headings of the components of your Emergency Response Plan (for Health Sector in this city)4 . 確定你的應(yīng)急預(yù)案組成部分的主要標(biāo)題（城市中的衛(wèi)生部門） Why Emergency Response Plans must be regularly revised ? 為什么要定期修訂應(yīng)急預(yù)案？q update the current political, social and economic situationq 更新當(dāng)前的政治，社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢更

57、新當(dāng)前的政治，社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢q update hazard reduction, emergency preparedness and vulnerability reduction activities in all sectors and by all organisationsq 通過各種組織更新所有部門的降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備和降低易損性的活通過各種組織更新所有部門的降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備和降低易損性的活動動q update changes in resources, systems and proceduresq 更新資源，系統(tǒng)和程序的變化更新資源，系統(tǒng)和程序的變化q update earl

58、y warning information systemq 更新早期預(yù)警信息系統(tǒng)更新早期預(yù)警信息系統(tǒng)q mandate and authority to deliver relief (scope of responsibility)q 提供救濟(jì)的任務(wù)和權(quán)力（職責(zé)范圍）提供救濟(jì)的任務(wù)和權(quán)力（職責(zé)范圍）q management and command structure (coordination among stakeholders)q 管理和指揮組織（利益相關(guān)者之間的協(xié)調(diào)）管理和指揮組織（利益相關(guān)者之間的協(xié)調(diào)）q competencies of staff (knowledge and sk

59、ills and ability)q 工作人員的能力（知識、技能和能力）工作人員的能力（知識、技能和能力）q the availability and accessibility of informationq 信息的可用性和可及性信息的可用性和可及性q the existence and relevance of plansq 預(yù)案預(yù)案的存在和相關(guān)性預(yù)案預(yù)案的存在和相關(guān)性q the existence and relevance of proceduresq 程序的存在和相關(guān)性程序的存在和相關(guān)性q the networking of the plans of the Health Secto

60、r with the plans of the other sectorsq 加強(qiáng)衛(wèi)生部門與其他部門預(yù)案的網(wǎng)絡(luò)化加強(qiáng)衛(wèi)生部門與其他部門預(yù)案的網(wǎng)絡(luò)化The emergency response plans are useful only:只有在以下情況下應(yīng)急預(yù)案是有用的：只有在以下情況下應(yīng)急預(yù)案是有用的：q when they are activated q 當(dāng)它們被激活時(shí)當(dāng)它們被激活時(shí)q they are relevant and functionalq 它們是相關(guān)的和有用的它們是相關(guān)的和有用的q They are efficiently usedq 他們被有效的利用他們被有效的利用So the early activation of the res