2020屆山東省濟(jì)寧市高三下學(xué)期第五次線(xiàn)上考試英語(yǔ)試卷Word版含答案

1、2020 屆山東省濟(jì)寧市高三下學(xué)期第五次線(xiàn)上考試英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng) :1. 答卷前, 考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2. 回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng) ,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。 回答非選擇題時(shí),將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。 寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3. 考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 閱讀 (共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分 50 分)第一節(jié) (共 15 小題 ;每小題 2.5 分 ,滿(mǎn)分37.5 分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、 B、 C、 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASome of the greatest s

2、cientists of all time are women who have made important discoveries in a variety of fields in science. Several of their contributions throughout history are even more than men s contributions. Our list of the most famous female scientists below are organized in order of popularity so you can read ab

3、out the advancements that they made. Marie Curie (1867-1934) Famous For : Work on radioactivityMarie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize and the only woman to win this award in two fields : Physics and Chemistry. She discovered polonium and radium and her work helped with the creation o

4、f X-rays.Jane Goodall (1934)Famous For : Primate (靈長(zhǎng)類(lèi) ) studiesJane Goodall is known world-wide for her groundbreaking studies on primates.She is considered as the top expert on chimps in the world and is perhaps best known for her 45-year study on the social lives of these animals in Tanzania.Rita

5、Levi-Montalcini (1909-2012 ) Famous For : Nerve growth studiesRita Levi-Montalcini was a neurologist(神經(jīng)病學(xué)家) who won the Nobel Prize inPhysiology or Medicine in 1986 for her findings in Nerve Growth Factor(NGF). Shewas the first Nobel prize winner to live past her 100th birthday. Lise Meitner (1878-1

6、968 )Famous For : Work on radioactivity and nuclear physicsLise Meitner was a key member of a group that discovered nuclear fission(裂變) . One of her colleagues , Otto Hahn, was given the Noble Prize for this work. That Meitner didn t get the award is considered to be a huge error by the Nobel commit

7、tee. 1.Who is still contributing to the world?A.Marie Curie.B.Jane Goodall.C.Rita Levi-Montalcini. D.Lise Meitner.2 .What did Rita Levi-Montalcini reseach on?A.Nerve growth. B.The wildlife.C.Nuclear explosion.D.Radioactivity.3 .What do we know about Lise Meitner ? A.She was awarded the Nobel Prize.B

8、.She made a big mistake in her work.C.She did lots of studies about nerve growth.D.She made great contributions to nuclear physics.BKnowing more about science than the average middle student , Caroline Crouchley , 13, of Garden City is a finalistin the 2019 3MYoung Scientist Challenge. The annualcom

9、petition tasks students in grades fifth to eighth with making a video tracing a unique solution to an everyday problem. Crouchley is one of 10 finalists chosen out of thousands of students this year.After watching her brother enter the competition several years ago, Crouchley ,who has always loved s

10、cience , couldn ' t wait for her turn. In May , she submitted a two-minute video about her idea to the organizer to create growing methods of public transportation. Whenshe found out she was a finalist in June, she couldn ' t believe it.Crouchley ' s project was inspired by the construct

11、ion she sees every day outside her window in Garden City , as well as the Long Island Railroad ' s recent expansion. She noticed transportation causes pollution in her community, and she was determined to find a way to stop it.“Maybe one day , we can have better technology and find a way to help

12、 the environment :' Crouchley said. In her video , Crouchley explains that the use of fossil fuels let out by public transportation is a major cause of environmental problems. She believes technology that reduces the need for a diesel（柴油）engineor an electric motor is the solution. To show her id

13、ea in action, she designed anew type of train.Crouchley created a computerized system design model for her train using an engineering program called Autodesk Inventor. She brought the train to life using a 3D printer , magnets （磁鐵）and a solar-powered air compressor（壓縮機(jī)）.Crouchleysaid it took a long

14、time to develop her ideas and make the video. She had to work under deadlines , too , which she said was stressful.4 .What' s the competition about ?A.Solving daily problems.B.Knowing about science. C.Meeting personal curiosity. D.Answering the question on science.5 .Which can replace the underl

15、ined word atracing " in paragraph 1?A.arresting B.overcomingC.describing D.accumulating6 .What s the purpose of Crouchley s project ?A.To help protect the environment.B.To invent a new kind of transportation.C.To inspire teenagers to struggle for their dreams.D.To find a solution to avoid using

16、 transportation.7 .Which of the following best describes Crouchley?A.Energetic. B.Creative. C.Humorous. D.Demanding.CYou might easily gain access to fresh fruit and vegetables , but this isn t the case in some parts of America. The U.S. has many areas that are considered as food deserts , which are

17、defined as parts of the country short of fresh fruit , vegetables and other healthy food , usually found in poor areas.Food deserts are urban areas where the nearest grocery store is more than 1 mile away, and rural areas where the nearest grocery store is more than 10 miles away.According to the US

18、DA , 19 million Americans or 6.2% of the population live in places that can be considered as food deserts.The issue isn t necessarily about the difference in cost between healthy and unhealthy foods in these areas but it s about a lack of access to healthy choices at all. And , with the lack of heal

19、thy food choices, these areas typically have alarge supply of unhealthy foods sold at fast-food companies and convenience stores.Eating unhealthy foods can lead to overweight, which puts people at risk forall kinds of major health issues , including high blood pressure , heart disease , and some can

20、cers.But some people , especially those who cannot afford a car , are stuck with eating what s readily available. In the case of food deserts, it s usually the type offood that can lead to overweight. Studies have shown that this is likely to be a problem in low-income areas. Whenmoney is not enough

21、, people tend to buy foods that last longer and remove food waste , which is a waste of their limited income.Lack of access is only one part of the problem, however. A study published in2018 found that food inequality wasn t removed. The bigger issue was likely the lack of education and nutritional

22、knowledge in these communities, which preventspeople with lower incomes from understanding the benefits of healthy eating.While overweight is a significant issue in these communities, the cost ofunhealthy eating isn t just physical. A study found that 71 billion dollars in healthcare costs due to ch

23、ronic diseases could be saved through healthier eating.8 .What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?A.6.2% of the Americans live in poor areas.B.Some parts of the USA lack fresh vegetables.C.Some people in America don t need fresh fruit.D.People in the food deserts buy fresh vegetables easily.

24、9 .Why can fast-food companies sell large amounts of unhealthy food in the food deserts ?A.These areas are rich in unhealthy food materials.B.Fast-food companies want to make a larger profit.C.Healthy food choices are unavailable in these areas.D.People in these areas prefer unhealthy food to health

25、y food.10 .What do studies say about people in low-income areas?A.They are less likely to have overweight problems.B.They are delighted to prepare food for themselves.C.They have to buy food that can be preserved longer.D.They are used to eating food donated by food companies.11 .What stops people f

26、rom understanding healthy eating benefits in the food deserts ? A.Lack of government financial support.B.Lack of knowledge of disease prevention.C.Lack of social promotion of healthy eating.D.Lack of education and knowledge in nutrition.DRescuing victims from a burning building , a chemical spill ,

27、or any disaster that is inaccessible to human responders could one day be a task for adaptable robots.Imagine , for instance , rescue-robots rising up on two legs can bound through rubble （碎石 ）, push aside a heavy obstacle , or break through a locked door.Engineers are improving the design of four-l

28、egged robots and their ability to run , jump and even do back leaps. But getting two-legged, human-like robots to useforce or push against something without falling has been a lion in the way.Now engineers at MIT and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a method to control b

29、alance in a two-legged, tele-operated robot anessential step toward enabling a human-like to carry out high-impact tasks in challenging environments. The team srobot , physically resembling a machined body and two legs , is controlled remotely by a human operator wearing a vest that sends informatio

30、n about the human s motion and ground reaction forces to the robot.Through the vest , the humanoperator can direct and experience the robot s movements. If the robot is starting to tip over, the human feels the same pull on the vest andcan adjust in a way to rebalance both himself and the robot.In e

31、xperiments w ith the robot to test this new“ balance feedback ” approach ,the researchers were able to remotely maintain the robot s balance as it jumpedand walked in sync（ 同步 ） with its human operator.“It s like running with a heavy backpack you can feel how the dynamics （力 ） of the backpack move a

32、round you , and you can make up properly ,” says Joao Ramos , who developed the approach as an MIT Postdoctor. “Now if you want to op en a heavy door, the human can commandthe robot to throw its body at the door and push it open, without losing balance. ”12 .What' s the function of the first par

33、agraph?A.Advertise a new robot.B.Show the appearance of the robot.C.Tell the principle of the two-legged robot.D.Introduce the purpose of the two-legged robot.13 .What is the trouble with human-like robots?A.It ' s hard for them to do back leaps.B.It ' s hard for them to keep their balance.C

34、.They can ' t push against anything hard.D.They often fall down when meeting the lions.14 .What is special about the robot research at MIT?A.The tested robot ' s actions can be felt by the human operator.B.The robot is tested in challenging environments.C.The data on the tested robot is sent

35、 by phones.D.The tested robot has a voice-control system.15 .Which is the best title for the text?A.The Strength of Two-legged RobotB.The Development History of RobotC.A New Four-legged Rescuing RobotD.New Research on Two-legged Robot第二節(jié) （共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余 選

36、項(xiàng)。Responsibility is an admirable character that makes life better for everyone around you. It isn ' t only about doing your homework or feeding the dog.16Showing responsibility isn ' t always easy, but practicing and making an effort will help you improve over time.Think of the consequences

37、before speaking or acting. Bad decisions often lead to a lot of new problems. Many times , you can avoid these problems by thinking about what you ' re about to do before you go through with it. Irresponsible people often make decisions without realizing how they are affecting others.17Pause and

38、 reflect on your actions to see what you can do better. Take a time out to look back on what you have said or done, especially after a difficult decision. 18 Consider what goes right , what goes wrong, and what you can do differently next time. Use what you learn to become wiser and more responsible

39、.19 If you' re honest, people will believe you are a responsible person. Try to be as honest as possible. Lying leads to deeper holes in the long run, so admitwhen you do something wrong. This can be very tough to do at times , but it ' s something you can handle when you ' re a responsi

40、ble person.Apologize for any mistake you make. No one is perfect, and no matter howresponsible you try to be, you might mess up sometimes. 20 If you hurt someone tell them you are sorry and will do better next time.A.Tell the truth to be honest with others.B.Instead of hiding your mistakes , own the

41、m.C.Find solutions for problems instead of blaming others.D.It ' s also about making proper choices and doing what is right.E.By reflecting , you give yourself a chance to make better decisions.F.Avoid big lies hurting one ' s feelings if you want people to trust you.G.Most decisions affect

42、other people , so be responsible for your choices.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的 A、B C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Donna Hopkins has survived breast cancer twice and lost part of her left leg due to a serious disease. But none of those21 has slowed her down. Actually ,this lifelong

43、 22 went on to become a competitive rower（戈 U船手）一and now sheis even 23 trying ice hockey （冰球）.Hopkins was first diagnosed with breast cancer in 1997 after she found a lump（腫塊）while she was sitting at work one day. She said, “I immediately called m yprimary 24 and scheduled an appointment. You can

44、9; t wait around because if you act25 , the chances of your26 are greater. " She had a treatment , but twoyears later the 27 returned.She had a（n） 28and has been cancer-free since ,and advises others to make sure they 29 of their illness as much as possible.Donna' s doctor suggested she tak

45、e up 30 even though she didn ' t know how to swim. "Rowing became the 31 that I needed to get me through a dark time:'she says.Her faith and her 32 nature also assisted her in getting through those difficult times. "I don ' t like to 33 anything :' she laughs.“You have one

46、life to live. You ' ve got to live it to the utmost." she says.cannot be“I always tell people that I may have gone through some hard times that34 , but I think Im a better person today35 what I ve gone through.21.A.achievements B.intentions C.hardships D.scenes22.A.athleteB.coach C.judge D.

47、captain23.A.giving up24.A.professorB.thinking about C.believing inB.workmate C.teacher D.doctorD.talking about25.A.immediately26.A.workingB.seriously C.naturally D.hopefullyB.travelling C.living D.showing27.A.crueltyB.signal28.A.operationB.pressureC.shock D.cancerC.movement D.loss29.A.remind B.warnC

48、.approve D.know30.A.jumpingB.rowing C.running D.swimming31.A.prejudice32.A.curious33.A.classify34.A.predictedB.alarm C.medicine D.sorrowB.competitive C.cautious D.conservativeB.lose C.hurt D.bearB.stated C.processed D.possessed35.A.in need of B.in case ofC.because ofD.instead of第二節(jié) (共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分

49、15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Father ' s Day originated to complement Mother ' s Day. It became a 36 (commerce holidayin 1908.37 (celebrate ) at a church in West Virginia in thatsame year on July 5th, Father ' s Day was only a one time event and not set up asan annual holiday. It w

50、as not made 38 permanent national holiday until1972.A womannamed Sonora Smart Dodd , one of six 39 (child ) raised by her fatherafter her mother died , began to launch a campaign for the holiday in 1909. She 40 (appeal) to churches , shopkeepers and public officials41 (gain ) support in herstate. So

51、nora was successful and Washington became the first state to celebrate statewide Father ' s Day.Despite early 42 (succeed ), many attempts to make Father ' s Day a national holiday were met with resistance because Congress was concerned it would become commercialized. Retailers and advertise

52、rs pushed it 43 a “second Christmas” for men. When World War II began , advertisers wanted Father ' s Day to be a way to honor the troops (軍隊(duì))44 other men who made efforts in the war. This helpedit gain popularity , and it was already a national institution by the time it45 （declare ） an officia

53、l holiday by President Nixon in 1972. Our dads have been outfitted in fancy new ties every year since.第三部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié) （滿(mǎn)分15分）假定你是李華，你校準(zhǔn)備面向在華外籍高中生舉辦主題為“中文的魅力”的演講比賽。請(qǐng)你給在你市國(guó)際學(xué)校就讀的好友William發(fā)一封電子郵件，告知此事，并鼓勵(lì)他參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1 .介紹比賽相關(guān)內(nèi)容（時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、參加者等）；2 .比賽的要求（用中文演講，時(shí)間不超過(guò)5分鐘,內(nèi)容積極向上）。 汪后：1 .詞數(shù)80左右；2 .可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行

54、文連貫。第二節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫(xiě)的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。I had never been more anxious in my life. I had just spent the last three endless,as I watchedhours trying to get to the airport so that I could travel home. Nowthe bus driver set my luggage on the airport sidewalk, I realized that my a

55、nxietyhad only just begun.This was my first visit alone to the international terminal of the airport , and nothing was familiar. I couldn t make sense of any of the signs. Where was the check-in counter ? Where should I take my luggage ? I had no idea where to go, feeling as if I were deaf and blind

56、 and stupid. I began to panic. What time was it? Wherewas my plane ? I had to find help because I couldn t be late !I tried to ask a passing businessman for help , but my words all came out wrong. He just frowned and walked away. What had happened ? I had been in this country for a whole semester ,

57、and I couldn t even remember how to ask for directions. This was awful ! Another bus arrived at the terminal, and the passengers came out carryingall sorts of luggage. Here was my chance ! I could follow them to the right place,and I would not have to say a word.I dragged my enormous suitcase behind

58、 me and followed the group. We finally reached the elevators. Oh , no! They all fit in it , but there was not enough room for me. I watched in despair as the elevator doors closed. I was abandoned again ! I had no idea what to do next. I got on the elevator when it returned and stared at all the buttons. Which one could it