初中英語(yǔ)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換.

1、初中英語(yǔ)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題是近幾年中考及初中三年期間英語(yǔ)的一個(gè)常考題型，其出題形式通常是同時(shí)給出兩個(gè)句子，第一句完整，第二句中設(shè)有幾處空格，要求填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或詞組，使第二句的意思與第一句意思相同。它綜合考查學(xué)生的語(yǔ)法、詞匯、短語(yǔ)或習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)和句型結(jié)構(gòu)等知識(shí)，要求運(yùn)用所學(xué)的詞匯、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和句型結(jié)構(gòu)填寫句子，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整、邏輯合理、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)無(wú)誤、意思與所給句子相同。通過(guò)對(duì)近幾年的中考英語(yǔ)試題中同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題的分析，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)中考英語(yǔ)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換題主要考查以下幾個(gè)方面：1 運(yùn)用同義詞（組）進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換用同義詞或同義詞組對(duì)原句中的某些詞或詞組進(jìn)行替換，注意轉(zhuǎn)換后的詞或詞組的詞形變化要與句子其他成分相適應(yīng)。如

2、：1. That day we could see flowers here and there.That day we could see flowers .答案： everywhere解析： everywhere與 here and there都表示“到處”。2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school. The teacher always_ _the children well in the school.答案： looks after解析： take good care of與 look aft

3、erwell 都表示“好好照顧”。2 運(yùn)用反義詞（組）的否定式進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換即用反義詞或詞組的否定式表達(dá)與原句相同的意思，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)反義詞（詞組）的積累和換位思維的能力。如：1. It s clear that this visit is different from last time. It s clear that this visit is not the_ _last time.答案： same as解析： be different from意為“與 不同” ；the same as意為 “與 相同”，其否定式與be different from同義。2. I think wealth

4、 is less important than health.I _ think wealth is _ important than health.答案：為 don t ， more解析：less important的意思是“沒(méi)有（不及） 重要”；more important的意思是“（比） 更重要”，該結(jié)構(gòu)與not連用，則表示“不比 更重要”。另外，有的反義詞即使不與否定詞連用，而只需改變句子結(jié)構(gòu)也可構(gòu)成同義句。如：He lent some money to his friend.He friend _ some money _ him.答案為 borrowed， from解析： borr

5、owfrom. 意為“向 借 ”； lendto. 意為“把 借給 ”。兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)意思相反，但若變換“借出者”與“借入者”的位置，則可轉(zhuǎn)換為同義句。3 運(yùn)用不同語(yǔ)態(tài)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換即運(yùn)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)換同義詞，但此時(shí)要特別注意時(shí)態(tài)、動(dòng)詞一致性。如：1. Everyone should give back his library books on time. Library books should_ _ _ on time.答案： be given back解析：被動(dòng)句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should ，因此助動(dòng)詞用be 。2. It is widely accepted that more p

6、eople use computers in the world today.It is widely accepted that computers _ widely _ in the world today.答案為 are ， used解析： computers是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，助動(dòng)詞用are 。4 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換即非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，此時(shí)往往會(huì)涉及時(shí)態(tài)的變化。如：1. The manager left two hours ago.The manager _ _ _ for two hours.答案 :has been away解析： leave 為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

7、，不能與for two hours這樣的一段時(shí)間連用，而改成be away這樣的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞后，則可連用一段時(shí)間。2. The film began five minutes ago.The film has been _ _ five minutes.答案： on for解析： hasbeen提示時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，“for 時(shí)間段”表示“持續(xù)（一段時(shí)間）”，常用在含有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子里。3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.Mr Li _ _ _ the Party for twenty years.答案： has been in解析：短暫動(dòng)

8、詞join ，意為“參加、加入（組織，政黨）”，不能與延續(xù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，與延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)，將 join 改成 be in 或 be a memberin 。5 運(yùn)用不同引語(yǔ)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換即將直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ) 或?qū)㈤g接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成直接引語(yǔ)。此時(shí)還要注意相關(guān)時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、動(dòng)詞、狀語(yǔ)等相應(yīng)的變化。如：1. “I ve found my wallet,” he said to me.He _ me that he _ _ his wallet.答案： told ， had found解析：此題是將直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)。2. “ Did you see her last week?” he said.

9、He _ _ I had seen her the week _.答案： asked if/ whether, before解析：此題是將疑問(wèn)句的直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ) 。6 簡(jiǎn)單句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換即將簡(jiǎn)單句變成同義的復(fù)合句或?qū)?fù)合句變成同義的簡(jiǎn)單句。如：1. We didn t go out for a walk because it was raining. We didn t go out for a walk _ _ the rain.答案： because of解析：將原因狀語(yǔ)從句becauseit wasraining改為表示原因的介詞短語(yǔ) because of the rain

10、。2. He was so excited that he couldnt go to sleep.He was _ _ _ go to sleep.答案： too excited to解析：將 sothat 換成 tooto 結(jié)構(gòu)， 原句的 that 從句為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，改寫句中的不定式仍表結(jié)果。3. Now I will show you how to do the work.Now I will show you _ _ _ do the work.答案： how you can解析：即將原句中的“疑問(wèn)詞+ 不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語(yǔ)從句。4. You should put them bac

11、k after you use them. You should put them back _ _ them.答案： after using解析：即將after引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句改寫為after引導(dǎo)的 介詞短語(yǔ) 。7 并列句 與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換即將并列句變成同義的復(fù)合句或?qū)?fù)合句變成同義的并列句 。如：1. Come on, or we ll miss the early bus._ we _ hurry, we ll miss the early bus.答案為 If ， don t解析： if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。2. The man gave us a talk last week. He

12、will give us another talk this week.The man _ gave us a talk last week _ _ us another talk this week.答案為 who/ that， will give解析：who/ that gave us a talk last week為定語(yǔ)從句， 修飾先行詞theman 。8 運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞連接或合并句子即運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞bothand ，neithernor ，eitheror ，not onlybutalso 等將兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并為一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。此時(shí)要注意的是，bothand 連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)總是用復(fù)數(shù)，而

13、neithernor ，eitheror ，not onlybut also 連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常應(yīng)與靠近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如：1. Tom can t speak Japanese well and Jim can t, either._ Tom _ Jim can speak Japanese well.Neithernorneithernor “ ” 2. Alice has read the book andPeter has read it, too._ Alice _ Peter have read the book.Bothandbothand “ ” 3. This store sells men s shoes, and it also sells men s clothes.This store sells _ _ mens shoes _ _ men s clothes.not onlybut alsonot onlybut also “ ” 9 sothattootoenough tonotuntilsodo I1. Jim wants to go boating