初中英語八種時(shí)態(tài)歸納

1、初中英語八種時(shí)態(tài)歸納初中生朋友學(xué)習(xí)英語時(shí)對語態(tài)的掌握總覺得艱難,下面歸納下初中英語八種時(shí)態(tài),人試著用最簡單明了的語言來總結(jié)初中英語的時(shí)態(tài)知識,希望對初中生朋友們有幫助。1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):概念:常常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。時(shí)間狀語:Always(總是, usually(通常, often(常常, sometimes(有時(shí)分, every week (day, year, month, once a week, on Sundays ,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu):當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)肯定句主語+動(dòng)詞單三+其他否定句主語+doesnt+動(dòng)詞原形+其他一般疑答句Does+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他肯定

2、回答Yes,主語+does否定回答No,主語+doesnt當(dāng)主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)肯定句主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他否定句主語+dont+動(dòng)詞原形+其他一般疑答句Do+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他例句:I never get up early on Sundays.特殊疑答句特殊疑答詞(when,where,who,how ,etc.+一般疑答句2、一般過去時(shí):概念:過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或形態(tài);過去習(xí)慣性、常常性的動(dòng)作、行為。時(shí)間狀語:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month, in 1989, just

3、now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+動(dòng)詞過去式+其他否定形式did+not+do+其他;一般疑答句did+主語+do+其他?例句:I went to Italy .I visited museums and sat in public gardens3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):概念:表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。時(shí)間狀語:now, at this time(在這一刻, these days, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu):am/is/are+doing否定形式:am/is/are+not+do

4、ing.一般疑答句:把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。4、過去進(jìn)行時(shí):概念:(1表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。(2表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí),另一個(gè)動(dòng)作突然發(fā)生了。時(shí)間狀語:at this time yesterday, at that time(在那一刻或以when、while 引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu):was/were+doing否定形式:was/were + not + doing.一般疑答句:把was或were放于句首。While與when(1用while連接(while只接doing例:My mother was cooking while I was

5、doing my homework.(可以持續(xù)動(dòng)作時(shí)態(tài)一致(2when表示(when可以接doing或did,when后動(dòng)作時(shí)間長,用doing,時(shí)間短,用did例:I was doing my homework when my mother came in.(間接表達(dá)了具體時(shí)間例句: I was having breakfast when the telephone rang5、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):概念:過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或后果,或從過去已經(jīng)啟始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或形態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語:recently, lately, since(自從,for(長達(dá),in the past few

6、 years, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+have/has+過去分詞(done肯定句:主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他.否定句:主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他.一般疑答句:Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他.特殊疑答句:特殊疑答詞或詞組+一般疑答句(have/has+主語+過去分詞+其他?例句:I have just received a letter from my brother.6、過去完成時(shí):概念:以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在彼以后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為,或在過去某動(dòng)作之后完成的行為,即“過去的過去”。時(shí)間狀語:after,when, as soon as(一.就., u

7、ntil, before,by the end of(到為止last ye ar(term, month,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+had+過去分詞(done肯定句:主語+had+過去分詞+其他.否定句:主語+had+not+過去分詞+其他.一般疑答句:Had+主語+過去分詞+其他?肯定回答:Yes,主語+had.否定回答:No,主語+had not .例句:The children ran away after they had broken the window.As soon as the sun had set we returned to our hotel.I had not und

8、erstood the problem until he explained it .7、一般將來時(shí):概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或滅在的形態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。時(shí)間狀語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year,soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu):am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do.否定形式:was/were + not; 外行為動(dòng)詞后加didnt,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑答句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。例句:I

9、will meet him at the harbour early in the morning.注:將來進(jìn)行時(shí)will be doing 將來某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行。(用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)提答更加客氣,禮貌。能用will be doing 都能換成will do 表達(dá)。但語氣、含義稍有不同例句:Tomorr ow evening they will be singing at the workers Club.8、過去將來時(shí):概念:立足于過去某一時(shí)刻,從過去看將來,常用于賓語從句中。時(shí)間狀語:the next day(morning, year,the following month(week,etc.

10、基本結(jié)構(gòu):was/were/going to + do;would/should + do.否定形式:was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.一般疑答句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。一般過去將來時(shí)常用在間接引語中例句:She said that Mr.Jones would see you now.他說過瓊斯先生現(xiàn)在要見你。特殊疑答句特殊疑答詞(when,where,who,how ,etc.+一般疑答句. 幾種常見時(shí)態(tài)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換英語中的幾種時(shí)態(tài)在一定情況下可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換， 以下是幾種常見的轉(zhuǎn)換形

11、 式： 一、 一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換 在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中， 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用， 瞬間動(dòng)詞卻 不能。 I have bought a car. I have had the car for 3 weeks I havent bought anything for 3 months 但是，可用別的表達(dá)方式：瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“一段時(shí)間 + ago”的一般過去 時(shí)的句型中； 瞬間動(dòng)詞可改成與之相對應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及短語， 與一段 時(shí)間連用；瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“It is + 一段時(shí)間 + since + 一般過去時(shí)”的句 型中，表示“自從以來有時(shí)間”的意思，主句一般用 it is 來代替 I

12、t has been;瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“Some time has passed since + 一般過去時(shí)”的句 型中。請看： A. He joined the League li: 聯(lián)盟 two years ago. B. He has been in the League for two years. C. It is two years since he joined the League. D. Two years has passed since he joined the League. 二、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換 在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中， at 加上名詞表示“處于某種形態(tài)”， 如

13、at work （在工作） , at school（上學(xué)、上課）等。彼短語可與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。請看： Peter is at work, but Mike is at play. Peter is working, but Mike is playing. 三、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般將來時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換 在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中 go, come, leave, start, arrive 等動(dòng)詞常與表示將來的時(shí) 間狀語連用表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意為“人就來， 媽媽！”請看： The train is leaving soon. The train will leave soo

14、n. 四、“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”與“will(shall+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換 “be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”、表示打算、計(jì)劃要做的事；將來時(shí)“will(shall+ 動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)在書面語中，當(dāng)主語為第一人稱時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞 shall。在 口語中，所有人稱都可以用 will。請看： We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday. We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday. 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)分析 一、根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語確定時(shí)態(tài)的原則 1. Hurry up! The play for ten

15、 minutes. A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began 析 1.since 后接時(shí)間的起點(diǎn)，for 后接時(shí)間段，主句動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)， 應(yīng)注意瞬間動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的使用。 二、特殊疑答句 2.How staying? for five days. A.long they will be B.they will be C.long will they be D.long they be 析 特殊疑答句 特殊疑答詞（when,where,who,how ,etc.）+一般疑答句 三、根據(jù)上下白已有時(shí)態(tài)信息點(diǎn)確定時(shí)態(tài)的原則 3. When this kind of computer ? -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used