常見的及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞區(qū)別(共7頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上常見的及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞區(qū)別       只要是動(dòng)詞都有這么分的，標(biāo)注vt的是及物動(dòng)詞，標(biāo)注vi的是不及物動(dòng)詞。不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)態(tài)。       動(dòng)詞根據(jù)其后是否帶有賓語(yǔ)，可分為兩類，分別是：及物動(dòng)詞（transitive verb）、不及物動(dòng)詞（intransitive verb），縮寫形式分別為vt. 和vi.。     英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是句子的核心。它既決定著句子意思的表達(dá)同時(shí)又決定著句子的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。首先，要分清及物不及物動(dòng)詞。 根據(jù)其后是否帶賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞可分

2、為及物動(dòng)詞（帶賓語(yǔ)）和不及物動(dòng)詞（不帶賓語(yǔ)）。如： When will he arrive? 他什么時(shí)候到？（arrive 不帶賓語(yǔ)，為不及物動(dòng)詞） He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到達(dá)北京。（reach 帶了賓語(yǔ)，為及物動(dòng)詞） 動(dòng)詞及物與不及物通常有以下幾種情況： a 主要用作及物動(dòng)詞。 及物動(dòng)詞后面必須跟賓語(yǔ)。   可用于："主謂賓"；"主謂雙賓"；"主謂賓賓補(bǔ)"結(jié)構(gòu)。如： He reached Paris the day before yesterday. They asked me

3、to go fishing with them. 1) 及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)例：I love my home. 我愛我家。 He bought an English dictionary.  他買了一本英語(yǔ)詞典。   2) 及物動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)例： She taught us maths. 她教我們數(shù)學(xué)。 My mother gave me a new pen.  母親給了我一支新鋼筆。   提示：常用的能接雙賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞有：   give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, rea

4、d, pay, make, offer, build, pass, bring, cook, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell.   b主要用作不及物的動(dòng)詞。不及物動(dòng)詞后面不跟賓語(yǔ)。只能用與："主謂"結(jié)構(gòu)。 不及物動(dòng)詞不需要跟賓語(yǔ)，本身意義完整。 例：She came las

5、t week. 她上周來的。     It is raining hard.  正下著大雨。     Class began at half past seven.  7點(diǎn)半開始上課。     What happened yesterday? 昨天發(fā)生了什么事？ This is the room where i once lived. 類似的還有：   agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist,

6、 rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed  appear  get  feel, keep  make prove  remain  restrise   seem  stand  stay   turn   turn out, wait, cry, smile, laugh, stop,  rain, snow   c. 既可以用作及物又可以用

7、作不及物的動(dòng)詞，其意義不變。   如begin 都是作"開始"講。Everybody, our game begins. let us begin our game.    She can dance and sing.她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物動(dòng)詞。） She can sing many English songs.她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物動(dòng)詞。）       The child is playing. 這小孩在玩。（不及物用法） The child is playing the

8、piano. 這小孩在彈鋼琴。（及物用法） He is writing.  他在寫字。（不及物用法） He is writing a letter.  他在寫信。（及物用法） The boy is reading. 這男孩在閱讀。（不及物用法） The boy is reading a magazine. 這男孩在看雜志。（及物用法）     類似的有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve. d既可以用作及物又可以用作不

9、及物的動(dòng)詞，其意義完全不同。 這類動(dòng)詞作不及物動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)意義；而作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)卻是另一個(gè)意義。 如lift作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)是指煙霧的"消散"。 We saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. lift作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)是"升高；舉起"。 He lifted his glass and drank.   類似的還有：beat vi.跳動(dòng) vt. 敲、打;              

10、0;   grow vi.生長(zhǎng) vt. 種植             play vi.玩耍  vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏                 smell vi.發(fā)出（氣味） vt. 嗅          &#

11、160;  ring vi.（電話、鈴）響vt.打電話                 speak vi.講話 vt. 說（語(yǔ)言）             hang vi. 懸掛 vt. 絞死            &#

12、160;         operate vi.動(dòng)手術(shù) vt. 操作   20個(gè)常見的不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) 1.break down (stop functioning 壞了，不好使了) That old jeep had a tendency to break down just when i needed it the most. 2.catch on (become popular 出名) Popular songs seem to catch on in California first and the

13、n spread eastward. 3. come back ( return to a place 返回) Father promised that we would never come back to this horrible place. 4. come in ( enter進(jìn)入) They tried to come in through the back door, but it was locked. e to ( regain consciousness恢復(fù)意識(shí))   He was hit on the head very hard, but after seve

14、ral minutes, he started to come to again. e over (to visit訪問)   The children promised to come over, but they never do. 7.drop by (visit without appointment 順便拜訪) we used to just drop by, but they were never home, so we stopped doing that. 8.eat out (dine in a restaurant 外出吃飯) When we visited Pa

15、ris, we loved eating out in the sidewalk cafes. 9. get by ( survive湊合，過得去) Uncle Heine didn't have much money, but he always seemed to get by without borrowing money from relatives. 10.get up ( arise起床)   Grandmother tried to get up, but the couch was too low, and she couldn't make it o

16、n her own. 11. go back ( return to a place 回到) It's hard to imagine that we will never go back to our homeland. 12.go on ( continue繼續(xù) ) He would finish one dickens novel and then just go on to the next. 13. go on (2)  ( happen發(fā)生 ) The cops heard all the noise and stopped to see what was goi

17、ng on. 14. grow up ( get older變老 ) Charles grew up to be a lot like his father. 15.keep away ( remain at a distance保持距離 ) The judge warned the stalker to keep away from his victim's home. 16. keep on (+動(dòng)名稱) ( continue with the same繼續(xù)保持) He tried to keep on singing long after his voice was ruined

18、. 17. pass out ( lose consciousness, faint昏過去，暈) He had drunk too much; he passed out on the sidewalk outside the bar. 18. show off ( demonstrate haughtily 炫耀) Whenever he sat down at the piano, we knew he was going to show off. 19. show up( arrive到達(dá)，出現(xiàn)) It was ten o'clock when he finally showed up. 20. wake up (arouse from sleep醒來)   I woke up when the rooster