小升初英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié)

1、.小學(xué)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1.一般情況下，直接加 -s，如 :book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2.以 s. x. sh. ch 結(jié)尾，加 -es ，如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3.以“輔音字母 +y”結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i, 再加 -es，如 :family-families, strawberry-strawberries4.以“f或 fe ”結(jié)尾，變 f 或 fe 為 v, 再加 -es，如:knife-knives 5. 不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù) : man-men,

2、 woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I _him _this _her _watch _child_photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep_box_ strawberry _peach_ sandwich _dish_

3、bus_man_ woman_二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力。2.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，沒有be 動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)的肯定句，動(dòng)詞要按規(guī)則加上 s，主語(yǔ)是非第三人稱單數(shù)的肯定句，動(dòng)詞用原形。3.在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，句中有 be 動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，否定句在 be 動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加 not，一般疑問(wèn)句將 be 動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在句首。 4.在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，句中沒有 be 動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)的否定句在動(dòng)詞前加 does+not (doesn ，t)一般疑問(wèn)句在.句首加 does ，句子中原有動(dòng)詞用原形 ;主語(yǔ)為非第

4、三人稱單數(shù)，否定句用do+not (don ，t)一般疑問(wèn)句在句首加do，句子中動(dòng)詞用原形。動(dòng)詞 +s 的變化規(guī)則1.一般情況下，直接加 -s，如 :cook-cooks, milk-milks2 .以 s. x. sh. ch. o 結(jié)尾，加 -es，如 :guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches,go-goes3.以“輔音字母 +y”結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i, 再加 -es，如 :study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹【No. 1 】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如:The sky is blue. 天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)

5、常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如:I get up at six every day. 我天天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如 :The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be 動(dòng)詞 :主語(yǔ) be(am,is,are) 其它。如 : I am a boy. 我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞 :主語(yǔ) 行為動(dòng)詞 ( 其它 )。如 :We study English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù) (he, she,it) 時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加 "-s" 或"-es" 。如 :Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜

6、歡漢語(yǔ)?！綨o. 2 】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be 動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句 :主語(yǔ) be not 其它。如:He is not a worker. 他不是工人。.一般疑問(wèn)句 :Be 主語(yǔ) 其它。如:-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.非凡疑問(wèn)句 :疑問(wèn)詞 一般疑問(wèn)句。如 :Where is my bike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句 :主語(yǔ) don't( doesn't ) 動(dòng)詞原形 ( 其它 )。如 :I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't 構(gòu)成否定句。如 :H

7、e doesn't often play.一般疑問(wèn)句 :Do( Does ) 主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞原形 其它。如 :- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does 構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如 :- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句 :主語(yǔ) don't( doesn't ) 動(dòng)詞原形 ( 其它 )。如 : I don't like bread.當(dāng)

8、主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't 構(gòu)成否定句。如 :He doesn't often play.一般疑問(wèn)句 :Do( Does ) 主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞原形 其它。如 :- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does 構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如 :- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.動(dòng)詞 s 的變化規(guī)則1.一般情況下，直接加 -s，如 :cook-cooks, milk-milk

9、s2.以 s. x. sh. ch. o 結(jié)尾，加 -es，如 :guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches,go-goes3.以“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i, 再加 -es ，如 :study-studies用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(

10、like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13

11、. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. I m staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.

12、 -What day _(be) it today?- It s Saturday三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞 ing.3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be 后加 not。4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be 動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的非凡疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:疑問(wèn)詞不達(dá)意 be 主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞 ing?但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為:疑問(wèn)詞不達(dá)意 be 動(dòng)詞 ing?動(dòng)詞加 ing 的變化規(guī)則1.一般情況下，直接加ing，如 :cook-cooking2.以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾，去 e 加 i

13、ng ，如:make-making, taste-tasting3.如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如:run-running, stop-stopping寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞:.play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空:1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. L

14、isten .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9.

15、 It s 5 o clock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .四、將來(lái)時(shí)理論及練習(xí)一、概念 :表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或預(yù)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) :tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天 )等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu) :be going to do; will do.三、否定句 :在 be 動(dòng)詞 (am, is, are)l 后加 not 或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 will 后加 not 成 w

16、ont。.例如 :I m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I m not going to have a picnic thisafternoon.四、同義句 :be going to = will1.be going to 表示將要發(fā)生的事或打算、計(jì)劃、決定要做的事情。2.肯定句 :be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形，如 :Jim is going to play football.否定句 :be not going to+動(dòng)詞原形，如:Jim is not going to play football.一般疑問(wèn)句 :把 be 動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首，如

17、:Is Jimgoing to play football?特殊疑問(wèn)句 :疑問(wèn)詞 +be+ 主語(yǔ) +going to+ 動(dòng)詞原形 ?如:What is Jimgoing to do? 疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí) :疑問(wèn)詞 +be+going to+ 動(dòng)詞原形 ?如:Who is going to playfootball?I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天 ). = I will go swimming tomorrow.練習(xí) :填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a pic

18、nic with my friends.2.我們將要學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)We _ _ _ learn English.We _ learn English.五、一般過(guò)去時(shí)1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。2.Be 動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化:am 和 is 在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as 。(was not=wasn t).are 在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere 。(were not=weren t)帶有 was 或 were 的句子，其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is, am, are 一樣，即否定句在was或 were 后加 no

19、t ，一般疑問(wèn)句把was 或 were 調(diào)到句首。3.句中沒有 be 動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子否定句 :didn t動(dòng)+詞原形，如 :Jim didnt go home yesterday一.般疑問(wèn)句 :在句首加 did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問(wèn)句 :疑問(wèn)詞 +did+ 主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞原形 ?如: What did Jim do yesterday?疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí) :疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 ?如:Who went to home yesterday?動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則 :1.一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加 -ed，如 :pull-pulled, c

20、ook-cooked2.結(jié)尾是 e 加 d，如 :taste-tasted3.末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如 :stop-stopped4.以“輔音字母 +y”結(jié)尾的，變 y 為 i，再加 -ed ，如 :study-studied5.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 : am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-pu

21、t, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式isam_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _.taste_ eat_ put _kick_ pass_ do _Be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí) (1)Name _ No. _ Date _用 be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ at

22、school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.用 be 動(dòng)

23、詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí) (2)Name _ No. _ Date _用 be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (vis

24、it) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.(二)小升初英語(yǔ)詞類 :動(dòng)詞、名詞和形容

25、詞不太容易區(qū)分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法:先用 “一(量詞 ) ”(如:一個(gè)、一張等 )和這個(gè)詞連起來(lái)說(shuō)，如說(shuō)得通，一般認(rèn)為是名詞 ;說(shuō)不通再用 “很”去判斷，就是把 “很”和為個(gè)詞連起來(lái)說(shuō)，說(shuō)得通一般就是形容詞 ;都說(shuō)不通就是動(dòng)詞。 (目前我們學(xué)過(guò)的，以后可能不同 )(另外一些很明顯的，如人稱代詞、數(shù)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等一下就可以知道 )1、動(dòng)詞這里所說(shuō)的動(dòng)詞是指各種動(dòng)詞總稱，其中包括行為動(dòng)詞(就是我們平時(shí)總說(shuō)的那種動(dòng)詞)、be 動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。(1)行為動(dòng)詞就是我們平時(shí)上課時(shí)說(shuō)的動(dòng)詞，表示某一動(dòng)作或行為。如:sweep 、live 等。行為動(dòng)詞我們已學(xué)過(guò)它們的四種形式:原形、 +s/es 、

26、+ed 、 +ing，具體判斷方法如下 :有，就加 ing讀句子 讀該單詞 認(rèn)識(shí)該單詞 理解意思 看有無(wú) be 動(dòng)詞.(若是 be going to 就用原形 )沒有，再看情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有，就用原形有，就加 ed沒有，再看有無(wú)表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)就加s 或 es沒有，再看主語(yǔ)不是第三人稱單數(shù)就用原形(2)be 動(dòng)詞a、Am-was Is -was Are-were口訣 :我用 am, 你用 are, is 用在他她它，所有復(fù)數(shù)全用are。b、肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the di

27、ning room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.c、一般疑問(wèn)句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren t. Are they American? Ythey are. No, they aren t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn t.我們現(xiàn)在學(xué)過(guò)的be 動(dòng)詞大致分兩類 :is、am 、are 為一類，一般用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)中， was 和 were 為另一類，一般用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)。判斷步驟 :第一、三人稱單數(shù)，就用

28、was有，再看人稱第二人稱單數(shù)和所有復(fù)數(shù)，就用were看有無(wú)表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)第一人稱單數(shù)，就用am.沒有，再看人稱 第三人稱單數(shù)，就有is第二人稱單數(shù)和所有復(fù)數(shù)，就用are用 am, is, are 填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not.2. The girl_ Jack's sister.3. The dog _ tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5. _ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _ your mother? She _

29、 at home.7. How _ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9. Whose dress _ this?10. Whose socks _ they?(3)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也是一類特殊的動(dòng)詞，平時(shí)我們不把它說(shuō)成是動(dòng)詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以和行為動(dòng)詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)句子中。我們現(xiàn)在學(xué)過(guò)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有:can 、must 、should 、would 、may 。接觸最多的是can 。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后動(dòng)詞總是用原形。(不受其他任何條件影響 )2、名詞表示某一事物，有具體的和抽象的之分。判斷的關(guān)鍵詞往往是be 動(dòng)詞， be 動(dòng)詞如果是am、is 或 w

30、as，名詞就用原形 ;be 動(dòng)詞如果是 are 或 were ，名詞就加 s 或 es。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)兩點(diǎn) :不可數(shù)名詞都默認(rèn)為單數(shù)，所以總是用is 或者 was; 最好不要根據(jù) some 、any 、a lot of 等詞去作判斷，以免受誤導(dǎo)。.如何加后綴 :a.一般情況下，直接加 -s，如 :book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-bedsb.以 s. x. sh. ch 結(jié)尾，加 -es ，如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watchesc.以“輔音字母 +y”結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i, 再加 -es，如 :family-families, strawberry-strawberriesd.以“f或 fe ”結(jié)尾，變 f 或 fe 為 v, 再加 -es，如 :knife-knivese.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù) : man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-c