周永鵬-概要寫作-教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

1、概要寫作 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)臺(tái)州一中 周永鵬 Learning Goals:1. Learn about the main features of an exposition2. Learn how to find the main points in each paragraph 3. Learn to use various ways to express the main points4. Learn to use transition to make the summary coherent5. Learn to use checklist to make comment on a summar

2、y6. Learn about the importance of safe drivingTeaching Procedure:Step 1 Lead-inT: First, I want to show you some pictures. What do you think of these traffic accidents?S: Traffic accidents are dangerous.T: Yes, they are not only dangerous but also very common. According to a survey, most causes of t

3、raffic accidents are related with drivers. Can you list some reasons?S: Speeding; Tired driving; Drunk driving; Careless driving; Using cell phones while drivingStep2 Determine the text type and main aspect of each paragraphT: Today we will focus on a passage on a social phenomenon, which is using c

4、ell phones while driving. Do you think what aspects will be mentioned in the passage?S: cause; effect; solution; opinion and so on.Cause: Not mentionedNegative effect: Para2Solution: Para3/4Opinion: Para1/5T: What is the style of the passage?S: A. Narration(記敘) B. Exposition(說明) C. Argumentation(議論)

5、Step3 Display the basic requirement of a summaryA Summary Writing on Using cell phones while driving should be:1. Complete (完整)It includes all the main & supporting points using your own words.2. Concise (簡潔)It omits unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant informati

6、on; (40 80 words)3. Coherent (連貫)It is a paragraph with necessary transitions to make it flow. 4. Correct (正確)It should be written in a grammatically correct way5. Objective (客觀)It doesn't contain your own ideas or emotions on the topic. Step4 Find the main points and make the outlinePara 1&

7、5: author's opinionPara1 Cell phones are used everywhere, but on the road they are a dangerous distraction to drivers and should be forbidden. Para5 Cell phones can be a very important link in emergencies, but drivers need to use them wisely. As professional racer John Andretti says, “Driving sa

8、fely is your first responsibility.” The best road to safety is to just hang up and drive.Para 2: negative effectPara2 The New England Journal of Medicine reported that “drivers using a cell phone were four times more likely to have an accident than those not using a phone.” The major problem is that

9、 the driver is not focused on the road, but on his or her conversation. Cell phone drivers are very unpredictable: they drive too fast or too slow, make improper turns, run red lights, and even stop at green ones. Its not only annoying; its dangerous. Accidents related to cell phones include rear-en

10、ding other vehicles, running off a road and crashing into trees, fences, and buildings, and even turning over.Para 3&4: solutionPara3 In October at the California Traffic Safety Summit, experts showed that “cell phones used by drivers lead to at least 1,000 deaths per year in California.” These

11、are the same problems that occur with drunk driving, which is against the law and strictly enforced(強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行). For the same reasons, California needs law that restrict the use of cell phones in cars.Para4 Until we take action to pass new laws, drivers at least need to be more responsible when using cell

12、 phones. The American Automobile Association recommends that drivers pull off the road before using a cell phone, have a passenger use it for them, or use voice mail to answer calls. Another suggestion is to keep the phone off while moving or simply not to use it in the car. Before using a cell phon

13、e, drivers should ask themselves, “Is this call really that important?”O(jiān)utline:Point1：Cell phones used on the road are a dangerous distraction to drivers and should be forbidden.Point2：Drivers using a cell phone were more likely to have an accident than those not using a phone. Point3：Government nee

14、ds law that restrict the use of cell phones in cars.Point4：Until we take action to pass new laws, drivers at least need to be more responsible when using cell phones.Point5：Cell phones can be a very important link in emergencies, but drivers need to use them wisely. The best road to safety is to jus

15、t hang up and drive. Step5 Practice different ways to express the same messagePoint1：Cell phones used on the road are a dangerous distraction to drivers and should be forbidden.(同義轉(zhuǎn)換) a dangerous distraction to: 1. distract the drivers' attention2. cause/contribute to/bring about harmful distrac

16、tion to3. drivers tend to be distracted(同義轉(zhuǎn)換) using cell phones while driving should be forbidden:1. phones shouldn't be allowed on the road2. put a ban on using phones on the road3. should be prevented from using phones(同義轉(zhuǎn)換) Cell phones used on the road are a dangerous distraction to drivers a

17、nd should be forbidden.1. Using cell phones while driving can distract the drivers' attention and should be banned.2. Cell phones shouldn't be allowed on the road because they cause harmful distraction to drivers.3. Drivers should be prevented from using cellphones while driving because they

18、 tend to be distracted.Step6 Have a try to write a summaryStep7 Learn to use transition to make the summary coherentUsing cell phones while driving can distract the drivers' attention and should be banned. Drivers have a higher rate of accidents due to a lack of concentration on the road. 1_, we

19、 need law to limit the cell phones use. 2_, they should use cell phones in a more responsible way. 3_, cell phones are important and should be used wisely. We had better not use them while driving. (75 words)Transition：1.后果與措施之間：1) therefore; so（連詞）2) to solve the problem; to handle this case; to de

20、al with itto reduce accidents/death; because the accidents happen frequently; because of the large number of accidents; because of the bad effect（問題出發(fā)）3) to make driving safe; to ensure driving safety（安全目的）2.措施與措施之間:1. as for drivers; 2. before laws are carried out/come out/passed/introduced/put into effect3.正文與結(jié)尾之間: in conclusion; all in all; to sum up; in a wordStep 8 Learn to use checklist to make comment on a summary4C+1O:FactorsChecking pointconcise1. 4080 wor