譯林版初中英語八下教案課件-第2課-Unit2Travelling（第3課時）Grammar預習案（新版）牛津版

1、；.第3課時Grammar預習目標1根據(jù)單詞表，預習課本第2628頁的單詞，能根據(jù)音標正確拼讀這些單詞。2通過預習，了解have/has been和havehas gone的用法。3了解短暫性動詞和延續(xù)性動詞的不同用法以及它們之間的轉換。4了解since和for的用法區(qū)別。5了解一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的用法。預學熱身通過預習，了解本課時的單詞、短語和句型（英漢互譯）。1_n沙；沙灘 2._ adv.結束3_ad死的 4在第一天_5寒假_ 6半小時_7. - Millie and Amy have been to South Hill._8. Kitty and her family have

2、gone to Hong Kong._自主探究，請帶著下面這些問題閱讀教材。1have been表示什么意思？2have gone表示什么意思？3可以說“I have left Nanjing for two days.”嗎？4since和for在用法上有何區(qū)別？教材導讀1Millie and Amy have been to South Hill.米莉和埃米已去過南山。探究點：havehas been to后面可以接_。指點迷津havehas been to后面跟地點名詞，表示某人曾經去過某個地方，現(xiàn)在人已經離開，不在那兒了，也可能已經回來了。是對過去經歷的一種回憶，可以和表示次數(shù)的狀語連用

3、。I have been to Beijing once.我去過一次北京。- Have you ever been to the USA?你曾去過美國嗎？- No，never.沒有，從未去過。( )How many times_ you_ to London since last year?A. have; gone B. have; beenC. do; go D. did; went( ) (2013 .隨州)- Jack, I haven't seen your uncle for a long time.- He_ Shanghai on business for two mo

4、nths. A. went to B. has gone to C. has been in D. has been to2Kitty and her family have gone to Hong Kong基蒂已經和她的家人一起去了香港：探究點：havehas gone to后面可以接_。指點迷津 havehas gone to后面跟地點名詞，表示某人去了某地，可能正在去某地的途中，也可能已經在某地，強調某人不在這兒，還沒有回來。當?shù)攸c用副詞表示時要省略介詞to。- Where is Kate? 凱特在哪兒？- She has gone to the library.她去圖書館了。Mr G

5、reen isn't in the office. He has gone to the laboratory.格林先生不在辦公室。他去實驗室了。( ) - Where is Mr Li? I have something important to tell him.- You_ find him. He_ Japan. A. won't; has gone to B. may not; has been to C. may; has gone to D. can't; has been to3. He has left Beijing for a week. (

6、15;)He has been away from Beijing for a week.()他離開北京已經兩天了。探究點：表示_，叫作短暫性動詞；表示_，叫作延續(xù)性動詞。指點迷津 英語中的動詞，根據(jù)所表示的動作是否能夠延續(xù)，分為延續(xù)性動詞和短暫性動詞。表示持續(xù)的行為或狀態(tài)的動詞，叫作延續(xù)性動詞，也叫持續(xù)性動詞，如：be，keep，have，like，study，live等。表示短暫的、瞬間性動作的動詞，叫作短暫性動詞，又叫終止性動詞或瞬間動詞，如：die，join，leave，become，return，reach等。(1)短暫性動詞構成的現(xiàn)在完成時，只表示動作發(fā)生的因果關系，不能表示動作的

7、延續(xù)，所以不可以由表示一段時間的狀語（如：since和for引導的短語）來修飾。第一句中的leave(has left)是短暫性動詞，它所表示的動作短促，不可能延續(xù)兩天；第二句中的be(has been)是延續(xù)性動詞，所以可以和two days連用。(2)短暫性動詞要轉換為對應的延續(xù)性動詞才可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。常見的短暫性動詞及其對應的延續(xù)性動詞（現(xiàn)在完成時）有：buyhavehas had borrowhave/has kept arrivehavehas been in/atleavehave,/has been away join-have/has been in/haveha

8、s been a member ofdiehave/has been dead get marriedhavehas been married come/gohavehas been in/atbegin/starthave/has been on stophave/has been over losehavehas been lostclosehave/has been closed openhave/has been open( )(2013衡陽)一Look at these stamps. I_ them for five years.- Wow, they are wonderful.

9、 A. kept B. have kept C. have bought( )(2013瀘州)He_ Luzhou for three months.Ahas left Bhas come to C. has gone to D. has been away from4He has had a car since 2007他自從2007年就買了一輛車。探究點：ago，since和for的用法有什么不同？指點迷津 (1) ago是副詞，意為“以前”，放在表示一段時間的短語后面，表示從現(xiàn)在算起的一段時間以前，常用于一般過去時。He met her three days ago他三天前遇到過她。(2

10、) since可作介詞和連詞用，意為“自從以來，自從以后”，用于現(xiàn)在完成時，主要有以下三種情況：since過去的時間點He has been ill since last Monday.他上周一開始就已經病了。since時間段agoI have lived here since ten years ago.自從十年前我就住在這兒了。since從句（一般過去時）I have lived here since I moved here.自從我搬到這兒，我就一直住在這里。(3) for是介詞，后面跟表示時間段的短語，可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時。We have learned English for abou

11、t ten years.我們學英語大約有十年了。( )- You play the piano so well. How long have you learned it?-_ ten years.AIn BBy CFor DSince熱身練習A用所給單詞的適當形式填空。1. Suzhou_ (change) a lot in the past years.2._ you ever_ (be) to Hangzhou?3. I_ (have) my sister's letter for two days.4. His parents (get) married twenty year

12、s ago.5. Let's_ (meet) at the school gate tomorrow morning.B單項選擇。( )1. - How long have you_? - For three days. A. got a headache B. fallen ill C. caught a cold D. had a cough( )2. - Tom, where is Jack?-. He_ Changzhou for a month. A. went to B. has gone to C. has been in D. has been to( )3. I me

13、t her just a moment_. A. ago B. before C. since D. now( )4. Joe, my close friend, moved to Beijing several years ago, and I_ him since then. A. don't see B. didn't see C. haven't seen D. won't see( )5. Several days has passed_ the air crash(空難) happened. A. since B. after C. as D. forC漢譯英。1我知道他已經去了上海。I know he_ _ _ Shanghai.2他們忍不住大笑了起來。They couldn't_ _.3他已經做老師二十年了。He_ _ _ _ for twenty years.參考答案預學熱身1. sand 2.over 3.dead 4.on the first day 5the winter holiday 6half an hour 7米莉和埃米已經去過南山了。 8基蒂已經和她的家人一起去了香港。1have been表示“去過某地并已經回來了”。 2have gone表示“去了某地還沒有回來”。 3