初中定語從句考點最全講解練習與答案

1、限制性定語從句考點與學習方法限制性定語從句考點與學習方法學習方法：拆分法連接詞從句的單復數(shù)與主被動定語從句的連接詞考點（關系副詞、關系代詞）基礎考點:對人、物分別做主格、賓格的考點That問題（問題（1、that對主格、賓格互換對主格、賓格互換2、that的三加三不加）的三加三不加）連接詞的省略問題（必須同時滿足對賓格提問、介詞后置)賓格時的介詞前置與后置關系代詞與關系副詞的區(qū)別(where為代表的重點句型）定語從句- 啥叫定語:修飾方式也 啥叫從句 啥叫定語從句 定語定語可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞分詞、不定式不定式、介詞短語介詞短語等來擔任，修飾名詞。(以分詞、介詞短語為例） 例：

2、 Mary is a beautiful girl. The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was a drunk. 拆分法拆、找、合 一個戴眼鏡的女孩在上課 拆拆：拆成有拆成有同一個字同一個字的兩個句子。的兩個句子。 一個女孩在上課，這個女孩戴眼鏡。 找：找同一字找：找同一字 翻譯句子 the girl is having class; the girl wears glasses 根據(jù)特殊疑問句的知識，在第二句找出特殊疑問詞 the girl wears glasseswho 合合：把特殊疑問句緊挨著同一字放上

3、去把特殊疑問句緊挨著同一字放上去 The girl who wears glasses is having class拆分法學定語從句 這個戴眼鏡的學生在吃飯 拆：拆成有拆：拆成有兩個同一詞兩個同一詞的兩個句子的兩個句子 這個學生在吃飯，這個學生戴眼鏡 The student is having dinner, the student wears glasses 找找: the student wears glasses-who 合合: The student who wears glasses is having dinner 我們用我05年買的電腦 拆：拆：We use the compu

4、ter, I bought the computer in 2005. 找：找： I bought the computer in 2005.which 合；合； We use the computer which/that/不填 I bought in 2005. 我在街上遇到了這個我以前在上海交的朋友 1 我在街上遇到了這個朋友， 2 我以前在上海交朋友 I met the friend on the street. I made the friend in Shanghai. Who/Whom I made in Shanghai. I met the friend who I made

5、 in Shanghai on the streetJoin two sentences into one: The boy is my brother. He helped me.1. The boy who helped me is my brother. The film is interesting. They saw it last night. 2. The film they saw last night is interesting. The students will not pass the exam. They dont work hard.3.The students

6、who dont work hard will not pass the exam.定語從句定語從句用作定語的從句叫定語從句。定語從句所修飾的名（代）詞叫作先行詞。定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞的后面。1. The students (who dont study hard) will not pass 先行詞 定語從句the exam.主句: The students will not pass the exam.2. The woman (whom you saw in the park) is our 先行詞 定語從句English teacher.主句: The woman is our E

7、nglish teacher.從句的主語： you從句的賓語：whom3. A shoe shop is a shop (which sells shoes).主句：A shoe shop is a shop.從句的主語: which4. The book (that you want) is on the desk.主句從句的主語: 從句的賓語：The book is on the desk.youthat引導定語從句的關系代詞關系代詞常見的有that, which,whowhom等。關系代詞關系代詞放在先行詞和定語從句之間，起連接作用，同時又作定語從句的一個成份。The man (that

8、/who told us a funny story) is in the next room.主語I lost the book( that/which ) you gave me). 賓語歸納：that,即指人又指物，作主語或賓語。 which,指物，作主語或賓語。 who, whom指人,who作主語,whom作賓語。that,which,whom在定語從句中作在定語從句中作賓語賓語時，可時，可省省去。去。1) A plane is a machine _ can fly.2) The car _ my uncle bought last week was stolen.3) The s

9、tudents _ dont study hardwill not pass the exam.4) The woman _ you saw inthe park is our English teacher.5) He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school.which/thatwhich/that/ / /who/thatwhom/that/ / /that 判斷下列引導詞在句中的用法判斷下列引導詞在句中的用法 Eg:1.He is such a man who never t

10、ells a lie. 2. He is the model worker whom/who we should learn from. 3. A dictionary is a book which often helps us to know the meanings of the words. 4. This is the film which I like best. 5. The boy whose father is a professor is one of my best friends.指代指代、所作成分所作成分、是否可省略是否可省略1. That book that you

11、 want it is on the desk. 2. Is this factory that we visited last week?the oneThis factory is the one that we visited last week?3. He is the person for whom you are looking. for4. The person to whom you talked is Lily. The person whom you talked to is Lily.歸納：1定語從句要避免成分重復 2定語從句要避免漏用先行詞 3含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆

12、開關系代詞的用法關系代詞的用法 關系代詞在從句中可以：關系代詞在從句中可以：何時可以省略？何時可以省略？做做賓語賓語時可以省略時可以省略關系代詞which和that的區(qū)別：A.關系代詞必須用that的情形：This is the best film that I have ever seen.The first man arrived at the class was our headteacher.This is the only ticket that I got yesterday.This is the very book that Im looking for.Is there an

13、ything that I can do for you?All that you have to do is to press the button.There is no time that we can waste.The car and its driver that knocked down the old lady have been taken to the police station.v 有些情況下只用關系詞有些情況下只用關系詞that,而不宜用而不宜用which 定語從句中需注意事項（一）定語從句中需注意事項（一）從句所修飾的詞又被從句所修飾的詞又被形容詞最高級形容詞最高級

14、或或 序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞修飾時修飾時,只能用只能用that引導從句引導從句.This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard.The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.2. 先行詞是先行詞是all, something, nothing, anything不定代詞時不定代詞時,只能用只能用that. Here is something( that) I will tell you. Not all that glitter

15、s is gold.先行詞既有人也有物時先行詞既有人也有物時,只能用只能用that引出引出從句從句 I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 先行詞是先行詞是one of,the one, 或用或用much, little, few, no, any 作修飾，用作修飾，用that Is it the one that you want ? We havent got much that you can offer us.當主句已有疑問詞 who或which時，關系詞用that Which is the bik

16、e that you lost? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?Summarize: 只能用只能用thatthat引導定語從句的幾種情況引導定語從句的幾種情況1)先行詞被先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾時。所修飾時。2）先行詞被）先行詞被the only,the very,the same,the last修飾時。修飾時。3)先行詞是先行詞是不定代詞不定代詞all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等等.4）先行詞被）先行詞被all,any,every,e

17、ach,few,little,no,some等等修飾。修飾。5）先行詞既有）先行詞既有人人又有又有物物時。時。B.指物時，作介詞的賓語，關系代詞只能用whichThis is the question about which weve had so much discussion.Fill in the gaps:1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle_ were in the fields.2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate

18、.3.This is the very thing _ I was looking for.4.This is the second novel _ I have ever read.5.There is nothing in the world _ can frightenme.6.Who is the man _ is reading under the tree?7.My hometown is not the same one _ it usedto be twenty years ago.thatthatthat/that/thatthatthatCorrect the follow

19、ing sentences:1.This is the best film which I have seen. 2.Thats all which want to say. This is the best film that I have seen. Thats all that I want to say. 3.Is there anything which you want in this shop? 4.He talked about some writers and books which/who were unknown to us all. 5.The room in that

20、 she lives is a large one. Is there anything that you want in this shop? He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all. The room in which she lives is a large one. Corrections:1. The man just said hello to me is my chemistry teacher. who2. Who is the comrade you just shook hands

21、 with him. 3. Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.( where which) 4. This is the best dictionary which I have ever used.( which that) 5. The house where we live in is not very large.( where which/that) 6. The house that it was built in 1970 stayed up inthe earthquake. “介詞關系代詞”即“介詞whom

22、/which”引導定語從句應注意：1介詞的選用至少要考慮以下的兩個因素1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.2) I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school.3) I will never forget the year _ my sonwent to college.4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, _ most people had had supper.on whichduring whichin whichby whic

23、hB. 與謂語動詞的搭配習慣1）Have you found the book _ I paid29 US dollars?2) Have you found the book _ I spent29 US dollars?3) Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot?4) Have you found the book _ she often talks?for whichon whichfrom whichabout which2. “介詞whom/which”與 “whom/which/that/介詞”的轉換。1）The chair on wh

24、ich she is sitting is made of wood. The chair (which/that) she is sitting on is madeof wood.2) Is this the book which you are looking for?介詞for不能與 look分開。3. way作先行詞1) The way (in which/that) he looks at the problems is wrong.Whose的用法 例：我喜歡去有悠久歷史的地方 拆：I like to visit a place. The places history is lo

25、ng. 概念顛覆： His book whose book. Toms book whose book The places history whose history 找：The places history is long.whose 合: I like to visit a place whose history is long. 例：Do you know the woman whose name is Mary. 例：Pass me the dictionary of which cover is black. 總結：whose引導的定語從句引導的定語從句,whose在從句中作定語在

26、從句中作定語,修飾表示人或物的先行詞修飾表示人或物的先行詞. 對物可用對物可用whose, of which 兩種兩種4. 表所有關系及整體中的一部分或全部時，用介詞of, 有時可用whose轉換。1) There are 100 teachers in our school, _60 are women teachers.2) He has three children, two _ work asteachers.3) That table has four legs, all _ arevery short.4) Im painting a house, the roof _ isrou

27、nd.Im painting a house whose roof is.5) They live in a house ,_ windows facesouth.They live in a house, the windows_ face south. of whomof whomof whichof whichwhoseof which用介詞關系代詞填空1 The boy was staying in the room _window he could climb down.2. Hes the man _ I learnt the news.3. Whos the comrade _

28、you just shookhands.4. There are 52 students in our class, _nearly 40 are League members.5. I know a lady the husband _ is a Nobel Prize winner.6. Do you know the driver who caused the traffic accident _ a man was killed.7. This is the way _ she studies English.through whosefrom whomwith whomof whom

29、of whomin whichin which 8. The 5 yuan_ he bought the book was given by his friend. 9. The story about Shakespeare, _ this is one example , is well written. 10. The old man always wears his glasses _ _ he cant see anything. 11.The key_ she was opening the door broke. 12. The library _ we often go on

30、Sundays is not far from our school. 13. No one know the reason _ she is leaving so early. 14. At last they came to a river _ a new bridge is being built. for whichof whichwithoutwhichwith whichto whichfor whichover which關系代詞引導的定語從句：Complete the following sentences:1. Is this the school _ you visited

31、 last year?Is this school _ _ you visited last year?2. He is one of the students who _ good at maths.He is the only one of the students who _ goodat maths.3. The girl _ I think was honest lied to me.The girl _ I think to be honest lied to me.4. China is no longer _ she was 10 years ago.China is no l

32、onger the country _ she was 10years ago.(that/which)the oneareiswhowhomwhatthat5. The radio I bought yesterday is quite different from_ _ you bought last month.The radio I bought yesterday is quite different from_ you bought last month.6. Do you still remember the hotel _ _ welived last summer holid

33、ay?Do you still remember the park _we visited last summer holiday?7. This is the room _ my grandmother used to lived in.This is the room _ _ my grandmother used to lived .the onewhatin which(that/which)(which/that)in which8. He has two sons, and both of _ work as actors.He has two sons, both of _ wo

34、rk as actors.9.China has hundreds of islands, _ _ Taiwanis the largest.China has hundreds of islands, the largest_ is Taiwan.10.This is the house _ _ the window wasbroken yesterday.This is the house _ window was broken yesterday.11.He is the teacher _ _ help we havemade great progress.themwhomof whi

35、chofwhichof whichwhosewith whose附加部分附加部分 關系副詞關系副詞 關系副詞關系副詞是用來引導定語從句的，它和關系是用來引導定語從句的，它和關系代詞一樣，具有代詞一樣，具有 多重作用。多重作用。o 在從句中代替先行詞。在從句中代替先行詞。o 在從句中在從句中作狀語作狀語。o 連接作用連接作用 關系副詞關系副詞有有三種三種： where: 在從句中作在從句中作地點狀語地點狀語,指代地點指代地點. when: 在從句中作在從句中作時間狀語時間狀語,指代時間。指代時間。why: 在從句中作在從句中作原因狀語原因狀語,指代原因。指代原因。 關系副詞的用法：關系副詞的用法

36、： 1.where 的用法：的用法：(先行詞應是先行詞應是地點名詞地點名詞） The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed at the hotel. We stayedwhere.先行詞先行詞關系詞關系詞從句從句=The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.時間狀語when 例:我總是記得我們相遇的那一天 拆：我總是記得那一天。我們相遇在那一天。 I always remember the day. We met on the day. 找：on the day when 合: I always remember the day whe

37、n we met.原因狀語why固定句型the reason why 例：這就是你總是遲到的原因。 This is the reason why you are late. 例：這就是我邀請你參加晚會的原因。 This is the reason why I invite you to take part in the party.關系副詞when, where, why的用法1.Do you still remember the day whenwe went to visit the museum together?Do you still remember the day on whic

38、hwe went to visit the museum together? 2.This is the factory wheremy father once worked. This is the factory in whichmy father once worked. 3.This is the reason whyhe was late. This is the reason for which he was late.Summarize:在定語從句中關系副詞都等于一個適當?shù)慕樵~加在定語從句中關系副詞都等于一個適當?shù)慕樵~加上上which，在從句中作，在從句中作狀語狀語When=in

39、/at/on/+which;Where=in/at/on/+which;Why=for /+whichFill in the blanks.1. I still remember the day _ we spent inthe forest.2. I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing.3. The factory _ we will visit is large.4. The factory _ his father works is large.5. Ill never forget the time _ we work on

40、 the farm.6. This is the house _ we lived last year.that/whichwhen/on whichthat/whichwherewhen/at whichwhere/in which歸納:關系副詞when指時間,關系副詞where指地點,在定語從句中作狀語。即使先行詞是時間地點,若作從句中的賓語，只能用關系代詞that, which.Practice: 1.- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. - Is that the reason_ you had a few days off?

41、A.why B. when C. what D. where 2.Im going to visit the school _ my mother taught physics ten years ago. A.where B. that C. which D. what 3.Do you still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing? A. which B. that C. when D. where AAC1Friends are those make you smile, always open their hearts to you

42、and encourage you to succeed.A. which B. what C. whom D. who2Its quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers for people get off the bus.A. who B. what C. which D. where3-Barbara, where do you work? -I work for a company sells cars.A. which B. where C. what D. who4-Do you know Hong Zhan

43、hui? -Yes. Hes the college student has moved Chinese people.A. who B. which C. what D. whom 5Jamie is a young cook wants to improve school dinners. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which 6- Do you know the girl in red is? -Im not sure. Maybe a teacher. A. when B. how C. where D. what 7Pauls uncle is the m

44、an taught us math last year. A. where B. which C. who D. when 8The whole world is fighting against the H1N1, a disease has caused many deaths. A. who B. which C. whom D. what9Is that the man helped us a lot after the earthquake. A. whose B. which C. when D. who10-The duty of Project Hope is to help

45、poor children, isnt it? -Yes, it has built many schools those children can study happily. A. where B. when C. which D. what11The panda is a kind of animal can be found only in China. A. who B. whose C. which D. where12_have finished the work can leave.A. Those who B.Any one C. The one who D. which13

46、I like the music I can dance to. A. that B. whose C. when D. how14-Is the girl is interviewing the manager of that company your friend? -Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose15 I like to visit a place history is long.A. which B. that C. whose D. who16The number of people lost their lives in Indonesian earthquake reached as many as 6200. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose17a robot is a machine can do some difficult work instead of man.A. who B. / C. that D. what18-Excuse me, can I have a talk with your manager? -Yes? I am just the man yo