詞匯學(xué)模擬試卷1

1、模擬試卷（ 1）I . Each of the statements below is followed by four choices. Please choose the one that best completes each statement. （10 %）1. In the word internationalists, nation is .A.rootB.stemC.baseD.root, stem, base2. is the most important of all characteristics of the basic word stock.A.Productivit

2、yB.StabilityC. Collocability D. All national character3. Nonbasic vocabulary includes all of the following except.A. slangB. Anglo-Saxon wordsC. argotsD. neologisms4. It is assumed that the world has 3 000 languages, which can be grouped into roughly _ language families on the basis of similarities

3、in their basic word stock and grammar.A. 200B. 300C. 400D. 5005. The following languages all belong to the Eastern set except.A. Balto-SlavicB. Indo-IranianC. ArmenianD. Italic6. In the Eastern set, Armenian andare the sole modern languages in the tworespective families.A. AlbanianB. RussianC. Slove

4、nianD. Lithuanian7.The minimal meaningful units in a language are known as A. words B. allomorphsC. morphemes D. morphs8. The are "actual spoken, minimal carriers of meaning".A. morphsB. allomorphsC. morphemesD. allophones9. Morphemes are known as C.the senseD. the motivationunits, which a

5、re realized in speech by discrete unitsA.concrete; allomorphsB.abstract; morphsC.abstract; lexemesD.concrete; morphs10.30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced throughA. compoundingB. affixationC. conversionD. shortening11.The prefixes mal- in maltreat, mis-in misleading a

6、nd pseudo- in pseudo-scientificare prefixes.A.negativeB.reversativeC.pejorativeDlocative12.A word is the combination of _ and .A. spelling, soundB.form, meaningC. spelling, meaningD.sound, meaning13.By form we refer to.A. its symbolsB.its spellingC. its pronunciationD.both its pronunciation and spel

7、ling14.Reference is the relationship between language and.A. the worldB. the concept15.A.polysemyB. ameliorationC.homonymyD. antonymyAll of the following are sense relations except16.of words have more than one meaning.is a common feature peculiar to all natural languages because the majorityA. Hypo

8、nymyB. SynonymyC. PolysemyD. Homonymy17. Which of the following words does not undergo the process of narrowing of meaning?A. Meat.B. Liquor.C. Disease.D. Journal.18. factor is the one that often contributes to the associated transfer ofmeaning and euphemistic use of words, etc.A. ScientificB. Psych

9、ologicalC. HistoricalD. Internal19. The change of word meaning is achieved by modes ofA. degradation and elevationB. transference and euphemismC. extension and narrowingD. all the above20. A word has meaning only when a connection has been established between the linguistic sign and a.A. referenceB.

10、 referentC. conceptD. senseII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. （ 10 %）21. Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, studying the origins and of words.22. A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound, meaning and func

11、tion.23. Modern English expands its vocabulary chiefly through.24. The three main means of creating new words in modern English are ,compounding and conversion.25. The overwhelming majority of blends are.26. Words imitating natural sounds arewords.27. Every word that has meaning has sense but not ev

12、ery word has .28. The relationship between the word form and meaning is conventional and arbitrary, and most words can be said to be .29. Componential analysis, according to Leech, is the process of breaking down the sense of a word into its components.30. At the time when the words were created, it

13、 was endowed with only one meaning. The first meaning is the meaning and the latter meanings aremeaning.31. is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at thecenter and the secondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rays.32. Extension andare the most common modes of w

14、ord meaning changes.33. Narrowing of meaning is also known as, which is the opposite of.34. The extra-linguistic context refers to thesituation, which may extend toembrace the entire.35. Linguistic context can be subdivided into context and context.36. Context can be divided into and context.37. Reg

15、arded as a derivational process without the addition of an affix, conversion can be called as .38. are the most complete description of words available to us. They arelarge in scope and size, containing at least 200 000 headwords.39. are medium-sized ones containing words ranging from 50 000 to 1500

16、00. And they are most used on desk.40. Based on the degree of similarity, homonyms fall into three types: ,homographs and.III. Please decide whether the following statements are true or false. (10%)( ) 41. A word can be defined in different ways from different points of view.( ) 42. Under no circums

17、tances can sound and meaning be intrinsically related.( ) 43. The introduction of printing press resulted in a lot more differences between sound and form.( ) 44. In early Middle English period, English, Latin, and Celtic existed side by side.( ) 45. The introduction of printing into England marked

18、the beginning of Modern English period.( ) 46. Modern English is considered to be an analytic language.() 47. Conversion not only changes the grammatical function of items involved but theiroriginal meaning.() 48. Stylistically, back-formed words are largely informal and some of them have notgained

19、acceptance.() 49. Backformation is considered to be the opposite process of affixation.() 50. Complementaries can be used in comparative degrees.() 51. In a language, there are more synonyms than antonyms.( ) 52. Antonyms differ in semantic inclusion.() 53. The meaning of paper in "a white pape

20、r" is determined by grammatical context.() 54. The ambiguity in "They saw her duck" is due to polysemy.() 55. The clue for the meaning of jetty in "The harbour is protected by a jetty a wallbuilt out into the water" is definition.() 56. Idioms are generally felt to be inform

21、al; therefore they are usually inappropriatefor formal settings.() 57. The stylistic features of idioms are fixed and unchangeable.() 58. Idioms are peculiar to native culture and language.() 59. Dictionary is closely related to lexicology because they both deal with the form,meaning, usage and orig

22、ins of vocabulary units.() 60. In the Anglo-Saxon period, difficult Latin words and definitions were oftencollected into lists called glossaries for the sake of research.IV. Please give the meaning of the following prefixes (the italicized part of the word).You are to write your answer in English on

23、 the answer sheet. (10%)61. apolitical62. disobey63. illiterate64.decentralize65. unbug66. maltreat67. misinterpret68.pseudo-scientific69. archbishop70. codirect71. extra-large72. hyperactive73. macroeconomics74. microcomputer75. mini-bus76.over-anxious77. outswim78. sub-system79. subnormal80.supers

24、ophisticatedV. Please give the direct expressions of the following euphemisms. (10%)81. pass away83. custodian85. meet engineer87. mortician89. Gee82. social disease84. extermination engineer86. sanitation engineer88. hairdresser90. Gosh almightyVI. Please translate the following idioms into Chinese

25、. (20%)91. in a brown study92. lip service93. bury the hatchet94. tit for tat95. the lion's share96. diamond cut diamond97. like cures like98. a fish out of water99. the salt of the earth100. see eye to eye with101. as green as grass102. once in a blue moon103. ride the high horse104. a bed of r

26、oses105. make bricks without straw106. an apple of discord107. Jack of all trades108. a fly in the ointment109. cut and dried110. wide of the mark?VII. Answer the following questions. (30%)111. In what way are words related to vocabulary?112. What is the fundamental difference between content and fu

27、nctional words?113. What is the difference between grammatical and lexical morphemes, and inflectional and derivational morphemes? Give examples to illustrate their relationships.114. What are the merits and demerits of componential analysis?115. What is hyponymy?模擬試卷( 1)答案及評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)I. Please choose the

28、one that best completes each statement. (10%)1-5DDBBD6-10ACABB11-15CBDAB16-20CDBDB評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：本題共 20 道題，共 10分；每題 0.5分。答錯(cuò)一律不給分。?II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)?21. meanings22. syntactic23. word formation24. Affixation25. nouns26. ono

29、matopoeic27. reference28. non-motivated29. minimal30. primary; derived31. radiation32. narrowing33. specialization;extension34. physical; cultural background35. grammatical36. linguistic ;extra-linguistic/non-linguistic37. zero-derivation38. unabridged dictionaries39. Desk dictionaries40. perfect ho

30、monyms; homophones評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：本題共 20 道題，共 10分；每題 0.5分。答錯(cuò)一律不給分III. Please decide whether the following statements are true or false. (10%)41-45 TFTTT46-50 TFTFF51-55 TTFFT56-60 TFTTF評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：本題共 20 道題，共 10分；每題 0.5分。答錯(cuò)一律不給分IV. Please give the meaning of the following prefixes . (10%)61. a- not, without, opposite

31、 to62. dis- not, the converse of63. il- not, the converse of64. de- reversing the action,depriving of65. un- reversing the action66. mal- badly, bad67. mis- wrongly68. pseudo- false, imitation69. arch- supreme, most70. co- jointly, on equal footing71. extra- very72. hyper- extreme73. macro- large74.

32、 micro- very small75. mini- little76. over- excessive77. out- surpassing78. sub- secondary, less important79. sub- beneath, lesser80. super- more than, beyond, veryspecial評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：本題共 20 道題，共 10 分；每題 0.5 分。寫錯(cuò)不給分。?V. Please offer the corresponding direct expressions of the euphemisms. (10%)81. die82. ven

33、ereal disease83. janitor84. rat-catcher85. butcher86. garbage collector87. undertaker88. barber89. Jesus90. God Almighty評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：本題共 1道題，共分；每題 1 分。答錯(cuò)一律不給分VI. . Please translate the following idioms into Chinese. （20%）91. 沉思默想92. 空口應(yīng)酬93. 和解；停戰(zhàn)94. 爭鋒相對95. 最大份額96. 棋逢對手97. 以毒攻毒98. 不得其所的人，處于陌生環(huán)境的人99. 社會(huì)中堅(jiān)100

34、. 看法完全一致101. 渾然無知的，無社會(huì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的102. 千載難逢地103. 趾高氣昂104. 稱心如意的境遇105. 做無米之炊106. 紛爭之源107. 萬事通而一無所長之人，萬金油108. 美中不足109. 預(yù)先安排好的110. 毫不相干 評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：本題共 2道題，共 20分；每題 1 分。答錯(cuò)一律不給分；同義表達(dá) 不扣分。VIIAnswer the questions. (30%)111. In what way are words related to vocabulary?Vocabulary refers to the sum total of all the words in

35、 a language. In other words, vocabularyis composed of words and words make up vocabulary. If we compare vocabulary to a family, words are family members.112. What is the fundamental difference between content and functional words?By notion, words fall into content words and functional words. Content

36、 words include nouns, verbs, adjectives , adverbs and numerals, which have clear notions; whereas functional words are void of notions but are mainly used to connect content words into sentences. Content words are numerous and changing all the time, while functional words are small in number and sta

37、ble. But functional words have a much higher frequency in use than content words.113. What is the difference between grammatical and lexical morphemes, and inflectional and derivational morphemes? Give examples to illustrate their relationships.Inflectional morphemes are the suffixes added to the en

38、d of words to denote grammatical concepts such as- s (-es) , -ed, -ing and -est (to show superlative degree of adjectives and adverbs) whereas derivational morphemes are prefixes and suffixes added to words to form new words such asp re-, dis-, un- , -lion, -er, -ness and so on.Grammatical morphemes are those used to show grammatical concepts, including inflectional suffixes as mentioned above and function